Different approaches for treating lung cancer have been developed over time, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies against activating mutations. Lately, better understanding of the role of the im...Different approaches for treating lung cancer have been developed over time, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies against activating mutations. Lately, better understanding of the role of the immunological system in tumor control has opened multiple doors to implement different strategies to enhance immune response against cancer cells. It is known that tumor cells elude immune response by several mechanisms. The development of monoclonal antibodies against the checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death protein 1 （PD-1） and its ligand （PD-L1）, on T cells, has led to high activity in cancer patients with long lasting responses. Nivolumab, an anti PD-1 inhibitor, has been recently approved for the treatment of squamous cell lung cancer patients, given the survival advantage demonstrated in a phase III trial. Pembrolizumab~ another anti PD-1 antibod）5 has received FDA breakthrough therapy designation for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, supported by data from a phase I trial. Clinical trials with anti PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in NSCLC have demonstrated very good tolerability and activity, with response rates around 20% and a median duration of response of 18 months.展开更多
Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer, and immunotherapy has become a promising remedy with advancements in tumor immunology. However, predicting the clinical response to immunotherap...Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer, and immunotherapy has become a promising remedy with advancements in tumor immunology. However, predicting the clinical response to immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer remains a dilemma for clinicians. Methods: GEPIA database was used to analyze the differential expression of MMR and PD-L1 genes in 33 common cancer types including pancreatic cancer. The expression levels of MMR and PD-L1 genes were downloaded from the GEPIA and GEO databases to analyze the correlation between MMR genes and PD-L1, and the clinicopathological and survival information were downloaded from the TCGA databases to analyze the relationship between the expression of MMR, PD-L1 and clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis. Meanwhile, the tumor tissue samples of 41 patients with pancreatic cancer were collected, and the protein expression levels of MMR and PD-L1 were detected by immunohistochemical assay. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between MMR and PD-L1, and the correlation between the expression of MMR, PD-L1 and clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Results: Bioinformatics analysis showed that MLH1, MLH3, MSH2, MSH3, and PMS2 were highly expressed in most cancer types including pancreatic cancer (P P = 0.012), clinical stage (I vs II: P = 0.016), MSH2 expression was related to clinical stage (P < 0.05), T stage (T3 vs T4: P = 0.039), and MSH3 expression was related to T stage (P < 0.05). Besides, both MSH2 expression (P P = 0.044) were significantly associated with prognosis. GEPIA data also showed that MSH2 expression was related to prognosis (P = 0.008). The correlation analysis revealed that the expressions MSH2, MLH1, PMS2 had strong correlations with PD-L1 both in GEPIA and GEO databases. Real-world data indicated that of the 41 pancreatic cancer patients, 5 cases had MLH1 deletion, 5 cases had MSH2 deletion, 4 cases had PMS2 deletion, and 12 cases had PD-L1 positive expression. Notably, PMS2 deletion w展开更多
BACKGROUND Brain gliomas are malignant tumors with high postoperative recurrence rates.Early prediction of prognosis using specific indicators is of great significance.AIM To assess changes in ubiquitin carboxy-termin...BACKGROUND Brain gliomas are malignant tumors with high postoperative recurrence rates.Early prediction of prognosis using specific indicators is of great significance.AIM To assess changes in ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1(UCH-L1)and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)levels in patients with glioma pre-and postoperatively.METHODS Between June 2018 and June 2021,91 patients with gliomas who underwent surgery at our hospital were enrolled in the glioma group.Sixty healthy volunteers were included in the control group.Serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels were measured in peripheral blood collected from patients with glioma before and 3 d after surgery.UCH-L1 and GFAP levels in patients with glioma with different clinicopathological characteristics were compared before and after surgery.The patients were followed-up until February 2022.Postoperative glioma recurrence was recorded to determine the serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels,which could assist in predicting postoperative glioma recurrence.RESULTS UCH-L1 and GFAP levels in patients with glioma decreased significantly 3 d after surgery compared to those before therapy(P<0.05).However,UCH-L1 and GFAP levels in the glioma group were significantly higher than those in the control group before and after surgery(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in preoperative serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels among patients with glioma according to sex,age,pathological type,tumor location,or number of lesions(P>0.05).Serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels were significantly lower in the patients with WHO grade I-II tumors than in those with gradeⅢ-IV tumors(P<0.05).Serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels were lower in the patients with tumor diameter≤5 cm than in those with diameter>5 cm,in which the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Glioma recurred in 22 patients.The preoperative and 3-d postoperative serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels were significantly higher in the recurrence group than these in the non-recurrence group(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curv展开更多
文摘Different approaches for treating lung cancer have been developed over time, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies against activating mutations. Lately, better understanding of the role of the immunological system in tumor control has opened multiple doors to implement different strategies to enhance immune response against cancer cells. It is known that tumor cells elude immune response by several mechanisms. The development of monoclonal antibodies against the checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death protein 1 （PD-1） and its ligand （PD-L1）, on T cells, has led to high activity in cancer patients with long lasting responses. Nivolumab, an anti PD-1 inhibitor, has been recently approved for the treatment of squamous cell lung cancer patients, given the survival advantage demonstrated in a phase III trial. Pembrolizumab~ another anti PD-1 antibod）5 has received FDA breakthrough therapy designation for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, supported by data from a phase I trial. Clinical trials with anti PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in NSCLC have demonstrated very good tolerability and activity, with response rates around 20% and a median duration of response of 18 months.
文摘Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer, and immunotherapy has become a promising remedy with advancements in tumor immunology. However, predicting the clinical response to immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer remains a dilemma for clinicians. Methods: GEPIA database was used to analyze the differential expression of MMR and PD-L1 genes in 33 common cancer types including pancreatic cancer. The expression levels of MMR and PD-L1 genes were downloaded from the GEPIA and GEO databases to analyze the correlation between MMR genes and PD-L1, and the clinicopathological and survival information were downloaded from the TCGA databases to analyze the relationship between the expression of MMR, PD-L1 and clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis. Meanwhile, the tumor tissue samples of 41 patients with pancreatic cancer were collected, and the protein expression levels of MMR and PD-L1 were detected by immunohistochemical assay. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between MMR and PD-L1, and the correlation between the expression of MMR, PD-L1 and clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Results: Bioinformatics analysis showed that MLH1, MLH3, MSH2, MSH3, and PMS2 were highly expressed in most cancer types including pancreatic cancer (P P = 0.012), clinical stage (I vs II: P = 0.016), MSH2 expression was related to clinical stage (P < 0.05), T stage (T3 vs T4: P = 0.039), and MSH3 expression was related to T stage (P < 0.05). Besides, both MSH2 expression (P P = 0.044) were significantly associated with prognosis. GEPIA data also showed that MSH2 expression was related to prognosis (P = 0.008). The correlation analysis revealed that the expressions MSH2, MLH1, PMS2 had strong correlations with PD-L1 both in GEPIA and GEO databases. Real-world data indicated that of the 41 pancreatic cancer patients, 5 cases had MLH1 deletion, 5 cases had MSH2 deletion, 4 cases had PMS2 deletion, and 12 cases had PD-L1 positive expression. Notably, PMS2 deletion w
基金Supported by Hebei Medical Science Research Project,No.20220648。
文摘BACKGROUND Brain gliomas are malignant tumors with high postoperative recurrence rates.Early prediction of prognosis using specific indicators is of great significance.AIM To assess changes in ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1(UCH-L1)and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)levels in patients with glioma pre-and postoperatively.METHODS Between June 2018 and June 2021,91 patients with gliomas who underwent surgery at our hospital were enrolled in the glioma group.Sixty healthy volunteers were included in the control group.Serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels were measured in peripheral blood collected from patients with glioma before and 3 d after surgery.UCH-L1 and GFAP levels in patients with glioma with different clinicopathological characteristics were compared before and after surgery.The patients were followed-up until February 2022.Postoperative glioma recurrence was recorded to determine the serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels,which could assist in predicting postoperative glioma recurrence.RESULTS UCH-L1 and GFAP levels in patients with glioma decreased significantly 3 d after surgery compared to those before therapy(P<0.05).However,UCH-L1 and GFAP levels in the glioma group were significantly higher than those in the control group before and after surgery(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in preoperative serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels among patients with glioma according to sex,age,pathological type,tumor location,or number of lesions(P>0.05).Serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels were significantly lower in the patients with WHO grade I-II tumors than in those with gradeⅢ-IV tumors(P<0.05).Serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels were lower in the patients with tumor diameter≤5 cm than in those with diameter>5 cm,in which the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Glioma recurred in 22 patients.The preoperative and 3-d postoperative serum UCH-L1 and GFAP levels were significantly higher in the recurrence group than these in the non-recurrence group(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic curv
