Experiment on ultrasound- associated extraction of seed oil of Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis) was conducted in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China. The factorsaffecting extraction yield, such as ultrasonic fre...Experiment on ultrasound- associated extraction of seed oil of Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis) was conducted in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China. The factorsaffecting extraction yield, such as ultrasonic frequency, extracting temperature, extracting timeand the ratio of material to liquid (ratio of Korean pine seed to absolute alcohol), were analyzedunder specific condition and the optimal extracting parameters were obtained as the ultrasonicfrequency 32 000 Hz, the extracting temperature 80 ℃, the extracting time 50 min, and the ratio ofmaterial to liquid 1: 30. The study demonstrates that ultrasound is a reliable and great efficiencytool for the fast extraction of Korean pine seed oil.展开更多
AIM：To evaluate the efficacy and safety of three different concentrations of diluted atropine for the control of myopia in Korean children,and to assess the risk factors associated with rapid myopia progression.METH...AIM：To evaluate the efficacy and safety of three different concentrations of diluted atropine for the control of myopia in Korean children,and to assess the risk factors associated with rapid myopia progression.METHODS：A total of 285 children,with refractive errors within the range of-6 diopters（D）between 5 and 14 years of age were included.After using 0.01%,or 0.025%,or 0.05% atropine,for about 1y,changes in refraction,axial lengths and frequency of adverse events were analyzed.Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the risk factors associated with rapid myopia progression.RESULTS：The changes in the mean spherical equivalent values were -0.134 D/mo in the before atropine group,-0.070 D/mo in the 0.01% atropine group,-0.047 D/mo in the 0.025% atropine group,and -0.019 D/mo in the 0.05% atropine group,with significant differences between the groups（P〈0.001）.The axial elongation was 0.046 mm/mo,0.037 mm/mo,0.025 mm/mo,and 0.019 mm/mo respectively,with significant differences between the groups（P=0.003）.The incidence of photophobia and near vision difficulty was not different among the three atropine groups（P=0.425and P=0.356,respectively）.Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that only highly myopic parents were a significant predictive factor of rapid myopia progression in Korean children（odds ratio,8.155;95% confidence interval,3.626-18.342;P〈0.001）.CONCLUSION：Treatment with 0.01%,0.025% and 0.05% atropine solution inhibits myopia progression in Korean children in a dose-dependent manner.Children with highly myopic parents preferentially shows a rapid myopia progression rate.展开更多
The impacts of temperature, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on CO2 flux above broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in the Changbai Mountains were studied based on eddy covarianc...The impacts of temperature, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on CO2 flux above broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in the Changbai Mountains were studied based on eddy covariance and meteorological factors measurements.The results showed that, daytime CO2 flux was mainly controlled by PAR and they fit Michaelis-Menten equation. Meanwhile VPD also had an influence on the daytime flux. Drier air reduced the CO2 assimilation of the ecosystem, the drier the air, the more the reduction of the assimilation. And the forest was more sensitive to VPD in June than that in July and August. The respiration of the ecosystem was mainly controlled by soil temperature and they fit exponential equation. It was found that this relationship was also correlated with seasons; respiration from April to July was higher than that from August to November under the same temperature. Daily net carbon exchange of the ecosystem and the daily mean air temperature fit exponential equation. It was also found that seasonal trend of net carbon exchange was the result of comprehensive impacts of temperature and PAR and so on. These resulted in the biggest CO2 uptake in June and those in July and August were next. Annual carbon uptake of the forest ecosystem in 2003 was -184 gC. m-2.展开更多
Based on the light-photosynthesis response measurement at leaf level, combined with over- and under-canopy eddy covariance measurements, research on photosynthetic characteristics of single trees and forest canopy was...Based on the light-photosynthesis response measurement at leaf level, combined with over- and under-canopy eddy covariance measurements, research on photosynthetic characteristics of single trees and forest canopy was conducted. The relationship between light intensity and photo-synthetic rates for leaves and canopy can be well fitted by a non-rectangular hyperbola model. Mongolian oak presented a high light compensation point, Lcp (28μmol·m-2·s-1), a light saturation point Lsp (>1800μmol·m-2·s-1), and a maximal net photosynthetic rate Pmax (9.96μmol·m-2·s-1), which suggest that it is a typical heliophilous plant. Mono maple presented the highest apparent quantum efficiencyα(0.066) but the lowest, Lcp (16μmol·m-2·s-1), Lsp (=800μmol·m-2·s-1), and Pmax (4.51μmol·m-2·s-1), which suggest that it is heliophilous plant. Korean pine showed the lowestαvalue but a higher Pmax, which suggest that it is a semi-heliophilous plant. At the canopy level, the values of both or and Pmax approached the upper limit of reported values in temperate forests, while Lcp was within the lower limit. Canopy photosynthetic characteristics were well consistent with those of leaves. Both showed a high ability to photosynthesize. However, environmental stresses, especially high vapor pressure deficits, could significantly reduce the photosynthetic ability of leaves and canopy.展开更多
The effect of seed oil of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) on the rats' blood-fat and its anti-ageing function was stud-ied for appraising the efficacy of the seed oil of Korean pine. Sixty experimental rats were ra...The effect of seed oil of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) on the rats' blood-fat and its anti-ageing function was stud-ied for appraising the efficacy of the seed oil of Korean pine. Sixty experimental rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (half males and half females in each group) as normal control group, high fat diet control group, and three groups (Group 1 Group 2, Group 3) that were fed with feedstuff with the contents of the seed oil of 2.0g/(kgd-1), 4.0g/(kgd-1) and 8.0g/(kgd-1), respec-tively. The indexes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and anti-oxidation capacity (AOC) were measured by Reagent Kit method. It was found that the seed oil of the Korean pine could reduce the content of triglyc-eride and improve SOD as well as GSH-PX activity in serum. These indexes of the rats in Group 2 fed with Korean pine seed oil of 4.0 g/(kgd-1) reached the significant level and those of rats in Group 3 fed with the seed oil of 8.0 g/(kgd-1) reached the extremely significant level. The results indicated the seed oil of Korean pine had function of regulating the level of blood-fat and anti-ageing.展开更多
文摘Experiment on ultrasound- associated extraction of seed oil of Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis) was conducted in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China. The factorsaffecting extraction yield, such as ultrasonic frequency, extracting temperature, extracting timeand the ratio of material to liquid (ratio of Korean pine seed to absolute alcohol), were analyzedunder specific condition and the optimal extracting parameters were obtained as the ultrasonicfrequency 32 000 Hz, the extracting temperature 80 ℃, the extracting time 50 min, and the ratio ofmaterial to liquid 1: 30. The study demonstrates that ultrasound is a reliable and great efficiencytool for the fast extraction of Korean pine seed oil.
基金Supported by the Catholic Medical Center Research Foundation made in the program year of 2018(No.5-2018-B0001-00006)
文摘AIM：To evaluate the efficacy and safety of three different concentrations of diluted atropine for the control of myopia in Korean children,and to assess the risk factors associated with rapid myopia progression.METHODS：A total of 285 children,with refractive errors within the range of-6 diopters（D）between 5 and 14 years of age were included.After using 0.01%,or 0.025%,or 0.05% atropine,for about 1y,changes in refraction,axial lengths and frequency of adverse events were analyzed.Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the risk factors associated with rapid myopia progression.RESULTS：The changes in the mean spherical equivalent values were -0.134 D/mo in the before atropine group,-0.070 D/mo in the 0.01% atropine group,-0.047 D/mo in the 0.025% atropine group,and -0.019 D/mo in the 0.05% atropine group,with significant differences between the groups（P〈0.001）.The axial elongation was 0.046 mm/mo,0.037 mm/mo,0.025 mm/mo,and 0.019 mm/mo respectively,with significant differences between the groups（P=0.003）.The incidence of photophobia and near vision difficulty was not different among the three atropine groups（P=0.425and P=0.356,respectively）.Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that only highly myopic parents were a significant predictive factor of rapid myopia progression in Korean children（odds ratio,8.155;95% confidence interval,3.626-18.342;P〈0.001）.CONCLUSION：Treatment with 0.01%,0.025% and 0.05% atropine solution inhibits myopia progression in Korean children in a dose-dependent manner.Children with highly myopic parents preferentially shows a rapid myopia progression rate.
基金This work was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KZCX1-SW-01-01A)the National Key Basic Research Development and Program(Grant No.2002CB412502)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30370293)Institute of Applied Ecology,CAS.
文摘The impacts of temperature, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on CO2 flux above broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest in the Changbai Mountains were studied based on eddy covariance and meteorological factors measurements.The results showed that, daytime CO2 flux was mainly controlled by PAR and they fit Michaelis-Menten equation. Meanwhile VPD also had an influence on the daytime flux. Drier air reduced the CO2 assimilation of the ecosystem, the drier the air, the more the reduction of the assimilation. And the forest was more sensitive to VPD in June than that in July and August. The respiration of the ecosystem was mainly controlled by soil temperature and they fit exponential equation. It was found that this relationship was also correlated with seasons; respiration from April to July was higher than that from August to November under the same temperature. Daily net carbon exchange of the ecosystem and the daily mean air temperature fit exponential equation. It was also found that seasonal trend of net carbon exchange was the result of comprehensive impacts of temperature and PAR and so on. These resulted in the biggest CO2 uptake in June and those in July and August were next. Annual carbon uptake of the forest ecosystem in 2003 was -184 gC. m-2.
基金We would like to thank the Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This work was supported by the Na-tional Key Basic Research Development Program of China (Grant No. 2002CB412502) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30370293)+1 种基金 Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX1-SW-01-01) the Frontier Project of Insti-tute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Based on the light-photosynthesis response measurement at leaf level, combined with over- and under-canopy eddy covariance measurements, research on photosynthetic characteristics of single trees and forest canopy was conducted. The relationship between light intensity and photo-synthetic rates for leaves and canopy can be well fitted by a non-rectangular hyperbola model. Mongolian oak presented a high light compensation point, Lcp (28μmol·m-2·s-1), a light saturation point Lsp (>1800μmol·m-2·s-1), and a maximal net photosynthetic rate Pmax (9.96μmol·m-2·s-1), which suggest that it is a typical heliophilous plant. Mono maple presented the highest apparent quantum efficiencyα(0.066) but the lowest, Lcp (16μmol·m-2·s-1), Lsp (=800μmol·m-2·s-1), and Pmax (4.51μmol·m-2·s-1), which suggest that it is heliophilous plant. Korean pine showed the lowestαvalue but a higher Pmax, which suggest that it is a semi-heliophilous plant. At the canopy level, the values of both or and Pmax approached the upper limit of reported values in temperate forests, while Lcp was within the lower limit. Canopy photosynthetic characteristics were well consistent with those of leaves. Both showed a high ability to photosynthesize. However, environmental stresses, especially high vapor pressure deficits, could significantly reduce the photosynthetic ability of leaves and canopy.
文摘The effect of seed oil of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) on the rats' blood-fat and its anti-ageing function was stud-ied for appraising the efficacy of the seed oil of Korean pine. Sixty experimental rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (half males and half females in each group) as normal control group, high fat diet control group, and three groups (Group 1 Group 2, Group 3) that were fed with feedstuff with the contents of the seed oil of 2.0g/(kgd-1), 4.0g/(kgd-1) and 8.0g/(kgd-1), respec-tively. The indexes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and anti-oxidation capacity (AOC) were measured by Reagent Kit method. It was found that the seed oil of the Korean pine could reduce the content of triglyc-eride and improve SOD as well as GSH-PX activity in serum. These indexes of the rats in Group 2 fed with Korean pine seed oil of 4.0 g/(kgd-1) reached the significant level and those of rats in Group 3 fed with the seed oil of 8.0 g/(kgd-1) reached the extremely significant level. The results indicated the seed oil of Korean pine had function of regulating the level of blood-fat and anti-ageing.
