利用2013年12月1—9日淮安市气象观测资料、空气污染监测资料和探空资料,对2013年12月初中国中东部地区一次大范围持续性重度雾霾过程的气象要素、PM2.5浓度和大气边界层特征进行了分析。结果表明:此次淮安地区持续性雾霾过程高空为偏...利用2013年12月1—9日淮安市气象观测资料、空气污染监测资料和探空资料,对2013年12月初中国中东部地区一次大范围持续性重度雾霾过程的气象要素、PM2.5浓度和大气边界层特征进行了分析。结果表明:此次淮安地区持续性雾霾过程高空为偏西气流,冷空气弱且850 h Pa有暖平流输送,为雾霾持续的背景条件。在此次持续性雾霾过程中,PM2.5日平均浓度均大于0.075 mg·m-3,与能见度呈反相关关系;高质量浓度的PM2.5长时间堆积使低能见度维持,随着湿度的增大或减小,雾霾交替出现。边界层中低层维持的逆温层结不利于大气湍流、水汽垂直交换及污染物垂直扩散,为雾霾长时间维持提供了良好的热力条件;混合层高度低且上升运动弱,为此次持续性雾霾过程提供了良好的动力条件。展开更多
运用van der Waals状态方程讨论焦汤系数和转换温度,通过对CO2实际气体等焓膨胀的焦汤系数及转换温度与van der Waals理论值比较发现,CO2实际气体的焦汤系和转换温度与理论值偏差不大,基本能反映实际气体的焦耳-汤姆逊的各种基本关系,...运用van der Waals状态方程讨论焦汤系数和转换温度,通过对CO2实际气体等焓膨胀的焦汤系数及转换温度与van der Waals理论值比较发现,CO2实际气体的焦汤系和转换温度与理论值偏差不大,基本能反映实际气体的焦耳-汤姆逊的各种基本关系,可应用于一般热力学的定性分析。展开更多
We study the Joule-Thomson expansion of the regular black hole in an anti-de Sitter background,and obtain the inversion temperature for the Bardeen-AdS black hole in the extended phase space.We investigate the isentha...We study the Joule-Thomson expansion of the regular black hole in an anti-de Sitter background,and obtain the inversion temperature for the Bardeen-AdS black hole in the extended phase space.We investigate the isenthalpic and inversion curves for the Bardeen-AdS black hole in the T-P plane and find that the intersection points between them are exactly the inversion points discriminating the heating from the cooling process.The inversion curve for the regular(Bardeen)-AdS black hole is not closed and there is only a lower inversion curve,in contrast to the Van der Waals fluid.Most importantly,we find that the ratio between the minimum inversion temperature and the critical temperature for the regular(Bardeen)-AdS black hole is 0.536622,which is larger than any known ratio for the singular black hole.The large ratio for the Bardeen-AdS black hole may be due to the repulsive de Sitter core near the origin of the regular black hole.展开更多
文摘利用2013年12月1—9日淮安市气象观测资料、空气污染监测资料和探空资料,对2013年12月初中国中东部地区一次大范围持续性重度雾霾过程的气象要素、PM2.5浓度和大气边界层特征进行了分析。结果表明:此次淮安地区持续性雾霾过程高空为偏西气流,冷空气弱且850 h Pa有暖平流输送,为雾霾持续的背景条件。在此次持续性雾霾过程中,PM2.5日平均浓度均大于0.075 mg·m-3,与能见度呈反相关关系;高质量浓度的PM2.5长时间堆积使低能见度维持,随着湿度的增大或减小,雾霾交替出现。边界层中低层维持的逆温层结不利于大气湍流、水汽垂直交换及污染物垂直扩散,为雾霾长时间维持提供了良好的热力条件;混合层高度低且上升运动弱,为此次持续性雾霾过程提供了良好的动力条件。
基金Supported by the Program for NCET-12-1060by the Sichuan Youth Science and Technology Foundation(2011JQ0019)+3 种基金by FANEDD(201319)by Ten Thousand Talent Program of Sichuan Provinceby Sichuan Natural Science Foundation(16ZB0178)by the starting funds of China West Normal University(17YC513,17C050)
文摘We study the Joule-Thomson expansion of the regular black hole in an anti-de Sitter background,and obtain the inversion temperature for the Bardeen-AdS black hole in the extended phase space.We investigate the isenthalpic and inversion curves for the Bardeen-AdS black hole in the T-P plane and find that the intersection points between them are exactly the inversion points discriminating the heating from the cooling process.The inversion curve for the regular(Bardeen)-AdS black hole is not closed and there is only a lower inversion curve,in contrast to the Van der Waals fluid.Most importantly,we find that the ratio between the minimum inversion temperature and the critical temperature for the regular(Bardeen)-AdS black hole is 0.536622,which is larger than any known ratio for the singular black hole.The large ratio for the Bardeen-AdS black hole may be due to the repulsive de Sitter core near the origin of the regular black hole.
