Western Australian magnetite concentrates normally have ultrafine granularity and much higher specific surface areas than Chinese magnetite concentrates owing to the significant pre-grinding and beneficiation for sale...Western Australian magnetite concentrates normally have ultrafine granularity and much higher specific surface areas than Chinese magnetite concentrates owing to the significant pre-grinding and beneficiation for saleable iron grade. Such characteristics will inevitably affect the subsequent pelletization process. However, very few investi- gations have been done before. Thus, the oxidation and induration characteristics of pellet made from a Western Aus- tralian ultrafine magnetite concentrate were revealed by conducting routine preheating-roasting tests in an electric tube furnace and investigating the microstructure of fired pellets under an optical microscope in comparison with that of pellets made from typical Chinese magnetite concentrate. The liquidus regions of CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3 and CaO-SiO2- Al2O3 ternary systems in air at various temperatures were calculated by FactSage software to explain the importance of liquid phase in the consolidation of fired pellets. The results show that pellet made from ultrafine magnetite con- centrate possesses better oxidability and preheating performance than that made from Chinese magnetite concentrate. However, it has inferior roasting performance, usually requiring conditions of roasting at 1280℃ for at least 30 rain to acquire sufficiently high compressive strength, which are attributed to higher temperature sensitivity caused by its smaller particle size and less formation of liquid phase because of low impurities like CaO and Al2O3 in raw materials. Correspondingly, its roasting performanee can be significantly improved by blending with Chinese magnetite concen- trates or increasing the pellet basicity （WCaO/WSiO2）. By comprehensive evaluation, blending with Chinese iron ore concentrates is an appropriate way to utilize Western Australia ultrafine magnetite concentrates.展开更多
The oxidation induration and reduction swelling behavior of chromium-bearing vanadium titanomagnetite pellets(CVTP)with Cr2O3 addition were studied,and the reduction swelling index(RSI)and compressive strength(CS)of t...The oxidation induration and reduction swelling behavior of chromium-bearing vanadium titanomagnetite pellets(CVTP)with Cr2O3 addition were studied,and the reduction swelling index(RSI)and compressive strength(CS)of the reduced CVTP with simulated coke oven gas(COG)injection were investigated.The results showed that the CS of the CVTP decreases and the porosity of the CVTP increases with increasing amount of Cr2O3 added.The Cr2O3 mainly exists in the form of(Cr,Fe)2O3 solid solution in the CVTP and as Fe-Cr in the reduced CVTP.The CS of the reduced CVTP increases and the RSI of the reduced CVTP decreases with increasing amount of Cr2O3 added.The limited aggregation and diffusion of metallic iron contribute to the formation of dense lamellar crystals,which leads to the slight decrease for reduction swelling behavior of reduced CVTP.This work provides a theoretical and technical basis for the utilization of CVTP and other Cr-bearing ores such as chromite with COG recycling technology.展开更多
Aim： To discuss important points on medical history, preoperative evaluation, real expectations, and selection of the appropriate surgical procedure to improve patient satisfaction after surgical procedures for Peyro...Aim： To discuss important points on medical history, preoperative evaluation, real expectations, and selection of the appropriate surgical procedure to improve patient satisfaction after surgical procedures for Peyronie＇s disease. Methods： Recent advances in approaches to Peyronie＇s disease are discussed based on the literature and personal experiences. Issues concerning surgical indication, patient selection, surgical techniques, and grafting are discussed. Lengthening procedures on the convex side of the penile curvature by means of grafting offer the best possible gain from a reconstruction standpoint. Penile rectification and rigidity are required to achieve a completely functional penis. Most patients experience associated erectile dysfunction （ED）, and penile straightening alone may not be enough to restore complete function. Twenty-five patients were submitted to total penile reconstruction on length and girth with concomitant penile prosthesis implant. The maximum length restoration was possible and limited by the length of the dissected neurovascular bundle. The mean age was 55.4 years （32-69 years） and the mean angle of curvature 74.2± 22.4° （0-100°）. Pericardial grafting was used to cover the defect. The mean follow-up time was 11.2 ± 5.9 months （3-22 months）. Results： Mean functional penile length gain was 3.40 ＋ 0.73 cm （2-5 cm）. Penile prosthesis maintained the penis straight. No infections occurred. Sexual intercourse was restored in all patients and all reported recovered self-esteem. Conclusion： Improving patient satisfaction with the surgical treatment includes proper preoperative evaluation on stable disease, penile shortening, vascular and erectile status, patient decision and selection as well as extensive discussion on surgical technique for restoring functional penis （length and rigidity）. Length and girth restoration is very important for self-esteem and patient satisfaction.展开更多
The present paper provides a review of the available non-surgical treatments for Peyronie＇s disease （PD）. A review of published literature on oral, intralesional, external energy and iontophoresis therapies for PD ...The present paper provides a review of the available non-surgical treatments for Peyronie＇s disease （PD）. A review of published literature on oral, intralesional, external energy and iontophoresis therapies for PD was performed, and the published results of available treatment options reviewed. The authors＇ recommendations for appropriate non-surgical management of PD are provided. Although there are many published reports that show the efficacy of non-surgical therapies for PD, there is a lack of large scale, multicenter controlled clinical trials, which makes treatment recommendations difficult. Careful review of the literature does suggest that there are treatment options that make scientific sense and appear to stabilize the disease process, reduce deformity, and improve function. Offering no treatment at all will encourage our patients to pursue alternative treatments, which might do harm, and misses the opportunity to do some good. Clearly further work is necessary to develop safe and effective non-surgical treatments for PD.展开更多
目的观察心理干预对减轻苄星青霉素肌肉注射疼痛的作用。方法将58例确诊为需要肌肉注射苄星青霉素的患者随机分为心理干预组和对照组各29例。对照组采用标准“快进针、快推药、快拔针”三快法进行肌肉注射;在对照组基础上,心理干预组在...目的观察心理干预对减轻苄星青霉素肌肉注射疼痛的作用。方法将58例确诊为需要肌肉注射苄星青霉素的患者随机分为心理干预组和对照组各29例。对照组采用标准“快进针、快推药、快拔针”三快法进行肌肉注射;在对照组基础上,心理干预组在围注射期进行心理干预。观察两组患者的一次性注射成功率,注射中、注射后30 min的VAS评分以及硬结发生率。结果心理干预组的一次性注射成功率为96.55%,显著高于对照组的79.31%(P<0.05)。心理干预组注射中及注射后30 min VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。心理干预组的硬结发生率为6.90%,显著低于对照组的31.03%(P<0.05)。结论心理干预可减轻苄星青霉素肌肉注射患者的疼痛,降低硬结发生率,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
As part of a research project to develop a novel clean smelting process for the comprehensive utilization of Hongge vanadium titanomagnetite（HVTM）, in this study, the effect of Cr2O3 addition on the oxidation indura...As part of a research project to develop a novel clean smelting process for the comprehensive utilization of Hongge vanadium titanomagnetite（HVTM）, in this study, the effect of Cr2O3 addition on the oxidation induration mechanism of HVTM pellets（HVTMPs） was investigated in detail. The results showed that the compressive strength of the HVTMPs was greatly weakened by the Cr2O3 addition, mainly because of a substantial increase in the porosity of the HVTMPs. The Cr2O3 addition marginally affected the phase composition but greatly affected the microstructural changes of the HVTMPs. Increased amounts of Cr2O3 resulted in a decrease in the uniform distribution of the hematite grains and in an increase in the Fe–Cr solid solutions（Fe1.2Cr0.8O3 and Fe0.7Cr1.3O3） embedded in the hematite grains. Moreover, the compact hematite was destroyed by forming a dispersed structure and the hematite recrystallization was hindered during the oxidation induration, which adversely affected the compressive strength. On the basis of these results, a schematic was formulated to describe the oxidation induration mechanism with different amounts of added Cr2O3. This study provides theoretical and technical foundations for the effective production of HVTMPs and a reference for chromium-bearing minerals.展开更多
基金supported by Hunan Provincial Co-innovation Center for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources
文摘Western Australian magnetite concentrates normally have ultrafine granularity and much higher specific surface areas than Chinese magnetite concentrates owing to the significant pre-grinding and beneficiation for saleable iron grade. Such characteristics will inevitably affect the subsequent pelletization process. However, very few investi- gations have been done before. Thus, the oxidation and induration characteristics of pellet made from a Western Aus- tralian ultrafine magnetite concentrate were revealed by conducting routine preheating-roasting tests in an electric tube furnace and investigating the microstructure of fired pellets under an optical microscope in comparison with that of pellets made from typical Chinese magnetite concentrate. The liquidus regions of CaO-SiO2-Fe2O3 and CaO-SiO2- Al2O3 ternary systems in air at various temperatures were calculated by FactSage software to explain the importance of liquid phase in the consolidation of fired pellets. The results show that pellet made from ultrafine magnetite con- centrate possesses better oxidability and preheating performance than that made from Chinese magnetite concentrate. However, it has inferior roasting performance, usually requiring conditions of roasting at 1280℃ for at least 30 rain to acquire sufficiently high compressive strength, which are attributed to higher temperature sensitivity caused by its smaller particle size and less formation of liquid phase because of low impurities like CaO and Al2O3 in raw materials. Correspondingly, its roasting performanee can be significantly improved by blending with Chinese magnetite concen- trates or increasing the pellet basicity （WCaO/WSiO2）. By comprehensive evaluation, blending with Chinese iron ore concentrates is an appropriate way to utilize Western Australia ultrafine magnetite concentrates.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51674084, 51174051, and 51574082)
文摘The oxidation induration and reduction swelling behavior of chromium-bearing vanadium titanomagnetite pellets(CVTP)with Cr2O3 addition were studied,and the reduction swelling index(RSI)and compressive strength(CS)of the reduced CVTP with simulated coke oven gas(COG)injection were investigated.The results showed that the CS of the CVTP decreases and the porosity of the CVTP increases with increasing amount of Cr2O3 added.The Cr2O3 mainly exists in the form of(Cr,Fe)2O3 solid solution in the CVTP and as Fe-Cr in the reduced CVTP.The CS of the reduced CVTP increases and the RSI of the reduced CVTP decreases with increasing amount of Cr2O3 added.The limited aggregation and diffusion of metallic iron contribute to the formation of dense lamellar crystals,which leads to the slight decrease for reduction swelling behavior of reduced CVTP.This work provides a theoretical and technical basis for the utilization of CVTP and other Cr-bearing ores such as chromite with COG recycling technology.
文摘Aim： To discuss important points on medical history, preoperative evaluation, real expectations, and selection of the appropriate surgical procedure to improve patient satisfaction after surgical procedures for Peyronie＇s disease. Methods： Recent advances in approaches to Peyronie＇s disease are discussed based on the literature and personal experiences. Issues concerning surgical indication, patient selection, surgical techniques, and grafting are discussed. Lengthening procedures on the convex side of the penile curvature by means of grafting offer the best possible gain from a reconstruction standpoint. Penile rectification and rigidity are required to achieve a completely functional penis. Most patients experience associated erectile dysfunction （ED）, and penile straightening alone may not be enough to restore complete function. Twenty-five patients were submitted to total penile reconstruction on length and girth with concomitant penile prosthesis implant. The maximum length restoration was possible and limited by the length of the dissected neurovascular bundle. The mean age was 55.4 years （32-69 years） and the mean angle of curvature 74.2± 22.4° （0-100°）. Pericardial grafting was used to cover the defect. The mean follow-up time was 11.2 ± 5.9 months （3-22 months）. Results： Mean functional penile length gain was 3.40 ＋ 0.73 cm （2-5 cm）. Penile prosthesis maintained the penis straight. No infections occurred. Sexual intercourse was restored in all patients and all reported recovered self-esteem. Conclusion： Improving patient satisfaction with the surgical treatment includes proper preoperative evaluation on stable disease, penile shortening, vascular and erectile status, patient decision and selection as well as extensive discussion on surgical technique for restoring functional penis （length and rigidity）. Length and girth restoration is very important for self-esteem and patient satisfaction.
文摘The present paper provides a review of the available non-surgical treatments for Peyronie＇s disease （PD）. A review of published literature on oral, intralesional, external energy and iontophoresis therapies for PD was performed, and the published results of available treatment options reviewed. The authors＇ recommendations for appropriate non-surgical management of PD are provided. Although there are many published reports that show the efficacy of non-surgical therapies for PD, there is a lack of large scale, multicenter controlled clinical trials, which makes treatment recommendations difficult. Careful review of the literature does suggest that there are treatment options that make scientific sense and appear to stabilize the disease process, reduce deformity, and improve function. Offering no treatment at all will encourage our patients to pursue alternative treatments, which might do harm, and misses the opportunity to do some good. Clearly further work is necessary to develop safe and effective non-surgical treatments for PD.
文摘目的观察心理干预对减轻苄星青霉素肌肉注射疼痛的作用。方法将58例确诊为需要肌肉注射苄星青霉素的患者随机分为心理干预组和对照组各29例。对照组采用标准“快进针、快推药、快拔针”三快法进行肌肉注射;在对照组基础上,心理干预组在围注射期进行心理干预。观察两组患者的一次性注射成功率,注射中、注射后30 min的VAS评分以及硬结发生率。结果心理干预组的一次性注射成功率为96.55%,显著高于对照组的79.31%(P<0.05)。心理干预组注射中及注射后30 min VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。心理干预组的硬结发生率为6.90%,显著低于对照组的31.03%(P<0.05)。结论心理干预可减轻苄星青霉素肌肉注射患者的疼痛,降低硬结发生率,值得临床推广应用。
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51574067)
文摘As part of a research project to develop a novel clean smelting process for the comprehensive utilization of Hongge vanadium titanomagnetite（HVTM）, in this study, the effect of Cr2O3 addition on the oxidation induration mechanism of HVTM pellets（HVTMPs） was investigated in detail. The results showed that the compressive strength of the HVTMPs was greatly weakened by the Cr2O3 addition, mainly because of a substantial increase in the porosity of the HVTMPs. The Cr2O3 addition marginally affected the phase composition but greatly affected the microstructural changes of the HVTMPs. Increased amounts of Cr2O3 resulted in a decrease in the uniform distribution of the hematite grains and in an increase in the Fe–Cr solid solutions（Fe1.2Cr0.8O3 and Fe0.7Cr1.3O3） embedded in the hematite grains. Moreover, the compact hematite was destroyed by forming a dispersed structure and the hematite recrystallization was hindered during the oxidation induration, which adversely affected the compressive strength. On the basis of these results, a schematic was formulated to describe the oxidation induration mechanism with different amounts of added Cr2O3. This study provides theoretical and technical foundations for the effective production of HVTMPs and a reference for chromium-bearing minerals.
