Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction found in females, where growth and development of embryos occurs without fertilization by a male. Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in aphids, Daphnia, rotifers, nemato...Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction found in females, where growth and development of embryos occurs without fertilization by a male. Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in aphids, Daphnia, rotifers, nematodes and some other invertebrates but can also be induced efficiently in mammalian oocytes by providing appropriate stimuli invitro. Recently, parthenogenesis has attracted wide attention because of the role of activated oocytes in the field of research that have been described such as intra cytoplasmic sperm injection, cloning by nuclear transfer, somatic cell cloning, investigating culture conditions etc. & potential for deriving pluripotent stem cell lines and their differentiation into various cell lines that can be utilized for various tissue engineering applications. The parthenogenetically activated oocytes possess maternal genome and can developed in to either haploid, diploid or polyploidy embryos with the help of it we can analyze the possible role of all the genes involved in imprinting processes as well as the role the paternal genome plays during early embryo development by comparing them with fertilized embryos. Several methods are able to induce parthenogenetic activation through the elevation of cytoplasmic free calcium in oocytes. But one common, universal method or activation agents has not been developed for all species because the process is highly specific for each species. Therefore, activation step for each species need to be optimized accordingly. This review describes the general method of activation of mammalian oocytes and their genomic imprinting analysis.展开更多
Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility.If PCOS infertile women fail to conceive after conventional induction of ovulation,the assisted reproductive therapy is an alternativ...Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility.If PCOS infertile women fail to conceive after conventional induction of ovulation,the assisted reproductive therapy is an alternative method for pregnancy.In-vitro maturation is an efficient,more economical and simple method without ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome complication。展开更多
目的:探讨OPS(open pu lled straw,开放式拉细麦管)法玻璃化冷冻技术冻存未成熟卵母细胞的效果。方法:小鼠GV期卵母细胞用OPS法玻璃化冷冻复苏后行体外成熟培养(in-vitro m aturation,IVM)或直接行IVM,所获成熟卵行体外受精(IVF)和胚胎...目的:探讨OPS(open pu lled straw,开放式拉细麦管)法玻璃化冷冻技术冻存未成熟卵母细胞的效果。方法:小鼠GV期卵母细胞用OPS法玻璃化冷冻复苏后行体外成熟培养(in-vitro m aturation,IVM)或直接行IVM,所获成熟卵行体外受精(IVF)和胚胎的体外培养(IVC)。以体内成熟卵行IVF/IVC作为in-vivo对照组。结果:GV期卵冻融后65.11%存活,IVM后成熟率为52.86%,其成熟率显著低于IVM对照组。冻融卵成熟后受精、卵裂率(33.78%、76.00%)低于IVM对照组和in-vivo对照组,培养后未见囊胚形成。结论:OPS法玻璃化冷冻技术可有效冻存GV期卵母细胞,复苏后可发育成熟,但卵的受精和继续发育能力欠佳。展开更多
目的:探讨获取未成熟卵母细胞之前使用人绒毛膜促性腺激素(Human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG)能否改善未成熟卵母细胞在体外培养条件下成熟的时间、体外受精率、2细胞、4细胞发生率。方法:将HCG刺激后或未刺激所获得的小鼠生殖泡(Germi...目的:探讨获取未成熟卵母细胞之前使用人绒毛膜促性腺激素(Human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG)能否改善未成熟卵母细胞在体外培养条件下成熟的时间、体外受精率、2细胞、4细胞发生率。方法:将HCG刺激后或未刺激所获得的小鼠生殖泡(Germinal reside,GV)期卵丘-卵母细胞复合物在培养液中进行体外培养,观察未成熟卵母细胞减数分裂的恢复、核成熟、受精率以及胚胎的发育。结果:体外培养后16 h G-PR组生殖泡破裂(Germinal vesicle break down,GVBD)发生率显著高于G-UPR组(P<0.01)。体外培养后20 h G-PR组GVBD发生率明显高于G-UPR组(P<0.05)。体外培养后24 h G-PR组PBI发生率显著高于G-UPR组(P<0.01)。G-PR组受精率明显高于G-UPR组(P<0.05)。结论:HCG加快了卵母细胞的体外成熟进程,同时也增加了卵母细胞的体外受精率。展开更多
文摘Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction found in females, where growth and development of embryos occurs without fertilization by a male. Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in aphids, Daphnia, rotifers, nematodes and some other invertebrates but can also be induced efficiently in mammalian oocytes by providing appropriate stimuli invitro. Recently, parthenogenesis has attracted wide attention because of the role of activated oocytes in the field of research that have been described such as intra cytoplasmic sperm injection, cloning by nuclear transfer, somatic cell cloning, investigating culture conditions etc. & potential for deriving pluripotent stem cell lines and their differentiation into various cell lines that can be utilized for various tissue engineering applications. The parthenogenetically activated oocytes possess maternal genome and can developed in to either haploid, diploid or polyploidy embryos with the help of it we can analyze the possible role of all the genes involved in imprinting processes as well as the role the paternal genome plays during early embryo development by comparing them with fertilized embryos. Several methods are able to induce parthenogenetic activation through the elevation of cytoplasmic free calcium in oocytes. But one common, universal method or activation agents has not been developed for all species because the process is highly specific for each species. Therefore, activation step for each species need to be optimized accordingly. This review describes the general method of activation of mammalian oocytes and their genomic imprinting analysis.
文摘Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility.If PCOS infertile women fail to conceive after conventional induction of ovulation,the assisted reproductive therapy is an alternative method for pregnancy.In-vitro maturation is an efficient,more economical and simple method without ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome complication。
文摘目的:探讨OPS(open pu lled straw,开放式拉细麦管)法玻璃化冷冻技术冻存未成熟卵母细胞的效果。方法:小鼠GV期卵母细胞用OPS法玻璃化冷冻复苏后行体外成熟培养(in-vitro m aturation,IVM)或直接行IVM,所获成熟卵行体外受精(IVF)和胚胎的体外培养(IVC)。以体内成熟卵行IVF/IVC作为in-vivo对照组。结果:GV期卵冻融后65.11%存活,IVM后成熟率为52.86%,其成熟率显著低于IVM对照组。冻融卵成熟后受精、卵裂率(33.78%、76.00%)低于IVM对照组和in-vivo对照组,培养后未见囊胚形成。结论:OPS法玻璃化冷冻技术可有效冻存GV期卵母细胞,复苏后可发育成熟,但卵的受精和继续发育能力欠佳。
文摘目的:探讨获取未成熟卵母细胞之前使用人绒毛膜促性腺激素(Human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG)能否改善未成熟卵母细胞在体外培养条件下成熟的时间、体外受精率、2细胞、4细胞发生率。方法:将HCG刺激后或未刺激所获得的小鼠生殖泡(Germinal reside,GV)期卵丘-卵母细胞复合物在培养液中进行体外培养,观察未成熟卵母细胞减数分裂的恢复、核成熟、受精率以及胚胎的发育。结果:体外培养后16 h G-PR组生殖泡破裂(Germinal vesicle break down,GVBD)发生率显著高于G-UPR组(P<0.01)。体外培养后20 h G-PR组GVBD发生率明显高于G-UPR组(P<0.05)。体外培养后24 h G-PR组PBI发生率显著高于G-UPR组(P<0.01)。G-PR组受精率明显高于G-UPR组(P<0.05)。结论:HCG加快了卵母细胞的体外成熟进程,同时也增加了卵母细胞的体外受精率。
