目的研究免疫营养素(鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸,OKG)强化的肠内营养对腹腔重症感染大鼠肠道免疫功能的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠20只,在行CLP术造成腹腔重症感染后随机分为普通肠内营养组(EN组,n=10)和肠内免疫营养组(EIN组,n=10)。EN组灌喂普通...目的研究免疫营养素(鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸,OKG)强化的肠内营养对腹腔重症感染大鼠肠道免疫功能的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠20只,在行CLP术造成腹腔重症感染后随机分为普通肠内营养组(EN组,n=10)和肠内免疫营养组(EIN组,n=10)。EN组灌喂普通肠内营养液,EIN组灌喂等氮等热量的添加了鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸的肠内营养液(EIN)。2组营养剂糖、脂肪、蛋白质供热比为32%∶50%∶18%。术后早期开始灌喂并持续7 d,每日每只大鼠摄入能量标准量为882 k J·kg-1·d-1。7 d后麻醉处死两组大鼠,取全段小肠,计数总的肠集合淋巴结(PP结)细胞数,流式细胞仪检测PP结的T和B细胞的数目,光镜下观察肠黏膜组织形态学变化,测量肠绒毛高度。结果与普通肠内营养组相比,EIN组总的PP结细胞数、T细胞、B细胞数水平及空肠绒毛高度均高于EN组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论免疫营养物质OKG强化的肠内营养可以增加脓毒症模型大鼠的肠道PP结及T、B细胞数目,改善其肠道上皮组织结构,增强其免疫功能。展开更多
Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by the loss of body weight,and has been observed in more than 50%of cancer patients.It arises as a result of anorexia and increased energy expenditure,leads to a red...Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by the loss of body weight,and has been observed in more than 50%of cancer patients.It arises as a result of anorexia and increased energy expenditure,leads to a reduced tolerance of cancer therapy and a reduced quality of life,resulting in a poorer prognosis and decreased survival.In the past few years,tremendous achievements have been made in cancer cachexia research.Systemic inflammation has been proven to play important roles in the etiology of cancer cachexia,leading to functional impairment and rapid deterioration,which suggests that anti-inflammatory agents may represent a promising strategy for cancer cachexia treatment.Thus,a variety of agents have been postulated to treat cachexia,with modulation of inflammation,the immune response,and reactive oxygen species being the most promising.Some immune-enhancing nutrients,‘immunonutrients’,such asω-3 fatty acids,arginine,nucleotides,L-carnitine,probiotics,phytochemicals,and specific minerals have been tested for their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties.They have also been used to treat,prevent or attenuate cancer cachexia in both experimental models and clinical trials.A number of studies on the use of immunonutrients for the treatment of cancer cachexia have been published over the past decade,with some promising results supporting the routine use of immune-enhancing formulas in patients with cachexia.However,the effects and efficacy of these substances have not been conclusively proven.In this review,we discuss recent studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer cachexia and the application of several immunonutrients.展开更多
文摘目的研究免疫营养素(鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸,OKG)强化的肠内营养对腹腔重症感染大鼠肠道免疫功能的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠20只,在行CLP术造成腹腔重症感染后随机分为普通肠内营养组(EN组,n=10)和肠内免疫营养组(EIN组,n=10)。EN组灌喂普通肠内营养液,EIN组灌喂等氮等热量的添加了鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸的肠内营养液(EIN)。2组营养剂糖、脂肪、蛋白质供热比为32%∶50%∶18%。术后早期开始灌喂并持续7 d,每日每只大鼠摄入能量标准量为882 k J·kg-1·d-1。7 d后麻醉处死两组大鼠,取全段小肠,计数总的肠集合淋巴结(PP结)细胞数,流式细胞仪检测PP结的T和B细胞的数目,光镜下观察肠黏膜组织形态学变化,测量肠绒毛高度。结果与普通肠内营养组相比,EIN组总的PP结细胞数、T细胞、B细胞数水平及空肠绒毛高度均高于EN组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论免疫营养物质OKG强化的肠内营养可以增加脓毒症模型大鼠的肠道PP结及T、B细胞数目,改善其肠道上皮组织结构,增强其免疫功能。
文摘Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by the loss of body weight,and has been observed in more than 50%of cancer patients.It arises as a result of anorexia and increased energy expenditure,leads to a reduced tolerance of cancer therapy and a reduced quality of life,resulting in a poorer prognosis and decreased survival.In the past few years,tremendous achievements have been made in cancer cachexia research.Systemic inflammation has been proven to play important roles in the etiology of cancer cachexia,leading to functional impairment and rapid deterioration,which suggests that anti-inflammatory agents may represent a promising strategy for cancer cachexia treatment.Thus,a variety of agents have been postulated to treat cachexia,with modulation of inflammation,the immune response,and reactive oxygen species being the most promising.Some immune-enhancing nutrients,‘immunonutrients’,such asω-3 fatty acids,arginine,nucleotides,L-carnitine,probiotics,phytochemicals,and specific minerals have been tested for their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties.They have also been used to treat,prevent or attenuate cancer cachexia in both experimental models and clinical trials.A number of studies on the use of immunonutrients for the treatment of cancer cachexia have been published over the past decade,with some promising results supporting the routine use of immune-enhancing formulas in patients with cachexia.However,the effects and efficacy of these substances have not been conclusively proven.In this review,we discuss recent studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer cachexia and the application of several immunonutrients.
