In this paper, we analyze the feature of ultrasonic image and investigate the effect of topography material, flow velocity and sediment concentration on the imaging of underwater topography by imaging experiments of m...In this paper, we analyze the feature of ultrasonic image and investigate the effect of topography material, flow velocity and sediment concentration on the imaging of underwater topography by imaging experiments of model sands. These imaging experiments are conducted in river engineering physical model.The results show that the vertical distribution of pixel values is changed hugely at the position of imaging bright band of underwater topography. The imaging of underwater topography is not affected when flow velocity is below 40 cm/s and sediment concentration is below 5.0 ‰. The main influence factors of imaging signals are flow velocity and sediment concentration near the topographical bed. The resolution of ultrasound imaging signals is high, and the topography consisted of model sands with particle size smaller than 0.1 mm can be monitored well in the river model experiment.展开更多
文摘In this paper, we analyze the feature of ultrasonic image and investigate the effect of topography material, flow velocity and sediment concentration on the imaging of underwater topography by imaging experiments of model sands. These imaging experiments are conducted in river engineering physical model.The results show that the vertical distribution of pixel values is changed hugely at the position of imaging bright band of underwater topography. The imaging of underwater topography is not affected when flow velocity is below 40 cm/s and sediment concentration is below 5.0 ‰. The main influence factors of imaging signals are flow velocity and sediment concentration near the topographical bed. The resolution of ultrasound imaging signals is high, and the topography consisted of model sands with particle size smaller than 0.1 mm can be monitored well in the river model experiment.
文摘目的通过比较软骨信号噪声比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR),分析临床三维MR序列显示软骨的效果。资料与方法选取25名健康志愿者进行软骨MRI(年龄21～29岁,平均24岁),使用Siemens Magnetom Trio Tim3.0T超导型磁共振成像仪和膝关节专用线圈。应用:(1)脂肪抑制快速小角度激发(fast low angle shot,FLASH)序列;(2)FLASH序列+水激发(water-excitation,WE);(3)双回波稳态进动(dualecho steady state,DESS)序列;(4)真稳态进动快速成像(true fast imaging with steady-state precession,True-FISP)序列;(5)三维质子加权快速自旋回波(sampling perfection with application-optimized contrast using different flip angle evolutions,SPACE)序列;(6)二维脂肪抑制快速自旋回波质子密度加权成像(fat-suppressed-2D-fast spine cho-proton density weight image,2D-FS-FSE-PD-WI)序列。在股骨髁间凹中央层面分别测量股骨髁软骨、股骨干骺端骨髓、腓肠肌和背景噪声信号强度(SI),计算软骨SNR和软骨-关节液、软骨-骨髓、软骨-肌肉CNR,同时对不同序列显示软骨的能力进行评价。结果3D-FLASH-WE和SPACE序列软骨SNR和软骨/关节液、软骨/脊髓CNR最高(P<0.05),软骨可视度较高。结论在所有三维软骨成像序列中,FLASH和SPACE均能有效显示软骨。而3D-SPACE序列是一种新的MR软骨成像序列,能进行不同加权图像的扫描,对于关节软骨病变的诊断有潜在应用价值。
