Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women,and its incidence is increasing.Regular screening is an effective method for early tumor detection and improving patient prognosis.In this review,we an...Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women,and its incidence is increasing.Regular screening is an effective method for early tumor detection and improving patient prognosis.In this review,we analyze the epidemiological changes and risk factors associated with breast cancer in China and describe the establishment of a screening strategy suitable for Chinese women.Chinese patients with breast cancer tend to be younger than Western patients and to have denser breasts.Therefore,the age of initial screening in Chinese women should be earlier,and the importance of screening with a combination of ultrasound and mammography is stressed.Moreover,Chinese patients with breast cancers have several ancestry-specific genetic features,and aiding in the determination of genetic screening strategies for identifying high-risk populations.On the basis of current studies,we summarize the development of risk-stratified breast cancer screening guidelines for Chinese women and describe the significant improvement in the prognosis of patients with breast cancer in China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Noninvasive biomarkers have been developed to predict hepatitis B virus(HBV)related fibrosis owing to the significant limitations of liver biopsy.Both serum biomarkers and imaging techniques have shown prom...BACKGROUND Noninvasive biomarkers have been developed to predict hepatitis B virus(HBV)related fibrosis owing to the significant limitations of liver biopsy.Both serum biomarkers and imaging techniques have shown promising results and may improve the evaluation of liver fibrosis.However,most of the previous studies focused on the diagnostic effects of various imaging techniques on fibrosis in all chronic liver diseases.AIM To compare the performance of common imaging methods and serum biomarkers for prediction of significant fibrosis caused only by HBV infection.METHODS A systematic review was conducted on the records available in PubMed,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library electronic databases until December 2018.We systematically assessed the effectiveness of two serum biomarkers and three imagine techniques in predicting significant fibrosis solely caused by HBV infection.The serum biomarkers included aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI)and fibrosis index based on the 4 factors(FIB-4).The three imaging techniques included acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI),FibroScan,and magnetic resonance elastography(MRE).Three parameters,the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve(AUSROC),the summary diagnostic odds ratio,and the summary sensitivity and specificity,were used to examine the accuracy of all tests for liver fibrosis.RESULTS Out of 2831 articles evaluated for eligibility,204 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for this current meta-analysis.Eventually,our final data contained 81 studies.The AUSROCs of serum biomarkers of APRI and FIB-4 were both 0.75.For imaging techniques(ARFI,FibroScan,and MRE),the areas were 0.89,0.83,and 0.97,respectively.The heterogeneities of ARFI and FibroScan were statistically significant(I2>50%).The publication bias was not observed in any of the serum biomarkers or imaging methods.CONCLUSION These five methods have attained an acceptable level of diagnostic accuracy.Imaging techniques,MRE in particular,demonstrate significant advant展开更多
1 Introduction Early detection and diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease （SCAD） is essential for proactive secondary prevention of myocardial infarction （MI）, control of disease progress, and reduction of mo...1 Introduction Early detection and diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease （SCAD） is essential for proactive secondary prevention of myocardial infarction （MI）, control of disease progress, and reduction of mortality. Clinical decision-making in modem medicine is increasingly dependent on cardiovascular imaging techniques. 2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/ PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease has been issued by American Heart Association （AHA）. European Society of Cardiology （ESC） has issued 2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease.展开更多
The biological behavior of fullerene derivatives shows their considerable potential application in medicine field. To understand the biodistribution of C60 derivatives as drugs or drug carriers, a simple water-soluble...The biological behavior of fullerene derivatives shows their considerable potential application in medicine field. To understand the biodistribution of C60 derivatives as drugs or drug carriers, a simple water-soluble derivative C60(OH)x(O)y was labeled with 99mTc. A r-counter and a single photo emission computed tomography (SPECT) were used to assess the biodistribution and metabolism of the labeled compound in mice and rabbits, respectively. The results showed that the compound could be absorbed rapidly by tissues, especially by coronal bone, breastbone, backbone, extremity honeycomb, liver and spleen. The clearance was slow from all tissues except for brain. The compound might be excreted through urine and enteron. The biodistribution shows some difference from that of Yamago et al. In this note, we discuss the possible reason leading to the difference. Further study is needed to find out to what extent the C60 itself determines the biodistribution of derivatives.展开更多
基金This work was supported by Grants from the National Key R&D Project of China(Grant No.2020YFA0112304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91959207,92159301 and 82002792)+3 种基金the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer(Grant No.12DZ2260100)the Shanghai Key Clinical Specialty of Oncology(Grant No.shslczdzk02001)the Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(Grant Nos.SHDC2020CR4002 and SHDC2020CR5005)the Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.20YF1408600).
文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women,and its incidence is increasing.Regular screening is an effective method for early tumor detection and improving patient prognosis.In this review,we analyze the epidemiological changes and risk factors associated with breast cancer in China and describe the establishment of a screening strategy suitable for Chinese women.Chinese patients with breast cancer tend to be younger than Western patients and to have denser breasts.Therefore,the age of initial screening in Chinese women should be earlier,and the importance of screening with a combination of ultrasound and mammography is stressed.Moreover,Chinese patients with breast cancers have several ancestry-specific genetic features,and aiding in the determination of genetic screening strategies for identifying high-risk populations.On the basis of current studies,we summarize the development of risk-stratified breast cancer screening guidelines for Chinese women and describe the significant improvement in the prognosis of patients with breast cancer in China.
基金Supported by Social Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.L18ATJ001
文摘BACKGROUND Noninvasive biomarkers have been developed to predict hepatitis B virus(HBV)related fibrosis owing to the significant limitations of liver biopsy.Both serum biomarkers and imaging techniques have shown promising results and may improve the evaluation of liver fibrosis.However,most of the previous studies focused on the diagnostic effects of various imaging techniques on fibrosis in all chronic liver diseases.AIM To compare the performance of common imaging methods and serum biomarkers for prediction of significant fibrosis caused only by HBV infection.METHODS A systematic review was conducted on the records available in PubMed,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library electronic databases until December 2018.We systematically assessed the effectiveness of two serum biomarkers and three imagine techniques in predicting significant fibrosis solely caused by HBV infection.The serum biomarkers included aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI)and fibrosis index based on the 4 factors(FIB-4).The three imaging techniques included acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI),FibroScan,and magnetic resonance elastography(MRE).Three parameters,the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve(AUSROC),the summary diagnostic odds ratio,and the summary sensitivity and specificity,were used to examine the accuracy of all tests for liver fibrosis.RESULTS Out of 2831 articles evaluated for eligibility,204 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for this current meta-analysis.Eventually,our final data contained 81 studies.The AUSROCs of serum biomarkers of APRI and FIB-4 were both 0.75.For imaging techniques(ARFI,FibroScan,and MRE),the areas were 0.89,0.83,and 0.97,respectively.The heterogeneities of ARFI and FibroScan were statistically significant(I2>50%).The publication bias was not observed in any of the serum biomarkers or imaging methods.CONCLUSION These five methods have attained an acceptable level of diagnostic accuracy.Imaging techniques,MRE in particular,demonstrate significant advant
文摘1 Introduction Early detection and diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease （SCAD） is essential for proactive secondary prevention of myocardial infarction （MI）, control of disease progress, and reduction of mortality. Clinical decision-making in modem medicine is increasingly dependent on cardiovascular imaging techniques. 2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/ PCNA/SCAI/STS guideline for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable ischemic heart disease has been issued by American Heart Association （AHA）. European Society of Cardiology （ESC） has issued 2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 19975066).
文摘The biological behavior of fullerene derivatives shows their considerable potential application in medicine field. To understand the biodistribution of C60 derivatives as drugs or drug carriers, a simple water-soluble derivative C60(OH)x(O)y was labeled with 99mTc. A r-counter and a single photo emission computed tomography (SPECT) were used to assess the biodistribution and metabolism of the labeled compound in mice and rabbits, respectively. The results showed that the compound could be absorbed rapidly by tissues, especially by coronal bone, breastbone, backbone, extremity honeycomb, liver and spleen. The clearance was slow from all tissues except for brain. The compound might be excreted through urine and enteron. The biodistribution shows some difference from that of Yamago et al. In this note, we discuss the possible reason leading to the difference. Further study is needed to find out to what extent the C60 itself determines the biodistribution of derivatives.
