The physical and chemical texture of tectonically deformed coals produced by various formational mechanisms are different from those of primary coals,thus resulting in major differences among the physical properties o...The physical and chemical texture of tectonically deformed coals produced by various formational mechanisms are different from those of primary coals,thus resulting in major differences among the physical properties of the reservoirs of these coals. We have studied the adsorption/desorption be-havior of tectonically deformed coals by the use of isothermal adsorption/desorption experiments un-der equilibrium moisture condition. Experiments of isothermal adsorption/desorption of methane or multi-component gases have indicated that,the adsorption curves of coals with a low degree of tec-tonic deformation conform to the type of isothermal adsorption curve described by the Langmuir equation; the methane adsorption curves of coals with strong tectonic deformation cannot be de-scribed by the Langmuir equation. The adsorption/desorption process of methane and multi-compo-nent gases in the deformed coals is not consistent with primary coals,which form an effect of hys-teresis in different kinds of tectonically deformed coals. With the change of pore structure of tectoni-cally deformed coals at reservoir condition,the added adsorbed CH4 in the experiments is desorbed on the pore surface of coals during the pressure reduction process. Thus,the result shows that the ad-sorption volume in the process of desorbing is greater than that in adsorbing. Because of the defor-mation,structural change,and transformation of the adsorption potential field of coals,it is essential to form a new kind of isothermal adsorption curve and the hysteresis effect of the desorption process.展开更多
针对电池制造工艺和使用环境不同所引起的单体间电量不均衡问题,结合双向开关电源理论提出了一种集中式能量转移型单体-整组双向电池均衡方案,根据电池组内单体剩余电量(state of charge,SOC)在电池组内部进行电量双向转移,采用反馈电...针对电池制造工艺和使用环境不同所引起的单体间电量不均衡问题,结合双向开关电源理论提出了一种集中式能量转移型单体-整组双向电池均衡方案,根据电池组内单体剩余电量(state of charge,SOC)在电池组内部进行电量双向转移,采用反馈电路保证均衡电流恒定。通过实验获得电池单体开路电压的滞回特性曲线,并结合充电和放电状态下SOC与开路电压对应关系估计各电池单体SOC,以SOC一致作为均衡目标。实验结果表明,所设计的均衡器均衡电流达到3A,可以满足电池系统均衡需求。展开更多
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos.2006CB202201 and 2009CB219601)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.40772135,40642013 and 40172058)
文摘The physical and chemical texture of tectonically deformed coals produced by various formational mechanisms are different from those of primary coals,thus resulting in major differences among the physical properties of the reservoirs of these coals. We have studied the adsorption/desorption be-havior of tectonically deformed coals by the use of isothermal adsorption/desorption experiments un-der equilibrium moisture condition. Experiments of isothermal adsorption/desorption of methane or multi-component gases have indicated that,the adsorption curves of coals with a low degree of tec-tonic deformation conform to the type of isothermal adsorption curve described by the Langmuir equation; the methane adsorption curves of coals with strong tectonic deformation cannot be de-scribed by the Langmuir equation. The adsorption/desorption process of methane and multi-compo-nent gases in the deformed coals is not consistent with primary coals,which form an effect of hys-teresis in different kinds of tectonically deformed coals. With the change of pore structure of tectoni-cally deformed coals at reservoir condition,the added adsorbed CH4 in the experiments is desorbed on the pore surface of coals during the pressure reduction process. Thus,the result shows that the ad-sorption volume in the process of desorbing is greater than that in adsorbing. Because of the defor-mation,structural change,and transformation of the adsorption potential field of coals,it is essential to form a new kind of isothermal adsorption curve and the hysteresis effect of the desorption process.
文摘针对电池制造工艺和使用环境不同所引起的单体间电量不均衡问题,结合双向开关电源理论提出了一种集中式能量转移型单体-整组双向电池均衡方案,根据电池组内单体剩余电量(state of charge,SOC)在电池组内部进行电量双向转移,采用反馈电路保证均衡电流恒定。通过实验获得电池单体开路电压的滞回特性曲线,并结合充电和放电状态下SOC与开路电压对应关系估计各电池单体SOC,以SOC一致作为均衡目标。实验结果表明,所设计的均衡器均衡电流达到3A,可以满足电池系统均衡需求。
