睡眠中癫痫性电持续状态（electrical statusepil epticus during sleep，ESES）是指由睡眠诱发的接近持续棘慢波发放的一种特殊脑电现象，可出现在一系列以癫痫发作、ESES和认知损伤为共同特征的儿童癫痫综合征中，包括癫痫伴慢波睡眠...睡眠中癫痫性电持续状态（electrical statusepil epticus during sleep，ESES）是指由睡眠诱发的接近持续棘慢波发放的一种特殊脑电现象，可出现在一系列以癫痫发作、ESES和认知损伤为共同特征的儿童癫痫综合征中，包括癫痫伴慢波睡眠期持续棘慢波、获得性癫痫失语综合征、儿童良性癫痫伴中央颞区棘波及其变异型。ESES的产生机制目前尚不明确，但在多方面包括遗传学病因（GRIN2A、拷贝数变异等）、高频振荡及脑网络研究方面已取得了一定的进展。ESES相关综合征的治疗必须同时兼顾癫痫发作和ESES，应积极选择合理的抗癫痫药物或其他治疗方案，如激素等，从而最大限度地减少癫痫发作、保护认知功能。展开更多
Initialization and initial imbalance problem were discussed in the context of a three-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the new generation"Weather Research and Forecasting Model". Several o...Initialization and initial imbalance problem were discussed in the context of a three-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the new generation"Weather Research and Forecasting Model". Several options of digital filter initialization have been tested with a rain storm case. It is shown that digital filter initialization, especially diabatic digital filter initialization and twice digital filter initialization, have effectively removed spurious high frequency noise from initial data for numerical weather prediction and produced balanced initial conditions. For six consecutive intermittent data assimilation cycles covering a 3-day period, mean initialization increments and impact on forecast variables are studied. DFI has been demonstrated to provide better adjustment of the hydrometeors and vertical velocity, reduced spin-up time, and improved forecast variables quantity.展开更多
目的:探讨头皮脑电图(electroencephalography,EEG)中高频振荡(high-frequency oscillations,HFOs)在癫痫性脑病伴睡眠中持续棘慢波(epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spike-and-wave during sleep,CSWS)患儿中的意义。方法:...目的:探讨头皮脑电图(electroencephalography,EEG)中高频振荡(high-frequency oscillations,HFOs)在癫痫性脑病伴睡眠中持续棘慢波(epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spike-and-wave during sleep,CSWS)患儿中的意义。方法:回顾性收集2006年1月至2016年12月在北京大学第一医院就诊的CSWS患儿21例,比较激素治疗前HFOs阳性组和HFOs阴性组以及激素冲击治疗后发作有效组和无效组间患儿的性别、特征年龄、癫痫发作频率及抗癫痫药等电临床资料,分析激素治疗前后EEG中发作间期HFOs和棘波出现情况。结果:激素治疗前,21例患儿中有12例(57%)EEG中记录到HFOs,每人平均43.17/60 s。HFOs阳性组较HFOs阴性组激素治疗前1个月负性肌阵挛/失张力/肌阵挛/不典型失神发作更频繁(P=0.004)。激素治疗前,共检测到518个HFOs和22 592个棘波,441个(86%)HFOs复合于棘波,且HFOs和棘波的最大波幅呈正相关性(r=0.279,P<0.001)。激素治疗后,HFOs(P=0.002)和棘波(P=0.006)均显著减少,减少的百分比分别为91%(473/518)和39%(8 905/22 592)。13例(62%)激素治疗后3个月内无发作(有效组),另8例仍有发作或复发(无效组)。激素治疗后,有效组HFOs出现率减少100%,棘波减少47%;治疗无效组HFOs出现率减少79%,棘波增加14%。结论:HFOs可在一定程度上反映癫痫发作严重程度,且对激素治疗较棘波更加敏感,与癫痫发作控制密切相关,可用于评估癫痫严重程度和治疗疗效。展开更多
High-frequency oscillations, with periods of about 2 hours, are first identified by applying wavelet analysis to observed minutely wind speeds around the eye and eyewall of tropical cyclones（TCs）. Analysis of a mode...High-frequency oscillations, with periods of about 2 hours, are first identified by applying wavelet analysis to observed minutely wind speeds around the eye and eyewall of tropical cyclones（TCs）. Analysis of a model simulation of Typhoon Hagupit（2008） shows that the oscillations also occur in the TC intensity, vertical motion, convergence activity and air density around the eyewall. Sequences of oscillations in these variables follow a certain order.展开更多
Background： To study the characters of high-frequency oscillations （HFOs） in the seizure onset zones （SOZ） and the nonseizure onset zones （NSOZ） in the electrocorticography （ECoG） of patients with neocortical...Background： To study the characters of high-frequency oscillations （HFOs） in the seizure onset zones （SOZ） and the nonseizure onset zones （NSOZ） in the electrocorticography （ECoG） of patients with neocortical epilepsy. Methods： Only patients with neocortical epilepsy who were seizure-free after surgery as determined with ECoG were included. We selected patients with normal magnetic resonance imaging before surgery in order to avoid the influence of HFOs by other lesions. Three minutes preictal and 1 0 rain interictal ECoG as recorded in 39 channels in the SOZ and 256 channels in the NSOZ were analyzed. Ripples and fast ripples （FRs） were analyzed by Advanced Source Analysis soltware （ASA, The Netherlands）. Average duration of HFOs was analyzed in SOZ and NSOZ separately. Results： For ripples, the permillage time occupied by HFOs was 0.83 in NSOZ and 1.17 in SOZ during the interictal period. During preictal period, they were 2.02 in NSOZ and 7.93 in SOZ. For FRs, the permillage time occupied by HFOs was 0.02 in NSOZ and 0.42 in SOZ during the interictal period. During preictal period, they were 0.03 in NSOZ and 2 in SOZ. Conclusions： High-frequency oscillations are linked to SOZ in neocortical epilepsy. Our study demonstrates the prevalent occurrence of HFOs in SOZ. More and more burst of HFOs, especially FRs, means the onset of seizures.展开更多
目的研究一种基于颅内脑电高频振荡信号(high frequency oscillations,HFOs)自动检测的癫痫灶定位技术。方法针对高频噪声及癫痫样尖峰波形等信号易被误检为HFOs的问题,采用小波包滤波对信号进行预处理,然后用BP神经网络进行特征提取和...目的研究一种基于颅内脑电高频振荡信号(high frequency oscillations,HFOs)自动检测的癫痫灶定位技术。方法针对高频噪声及癫痫样尖峰波形等信号易被误检为HFOs的问题,采用小波包滤波对信号进行预处理,然后用BP神经网络进行特征提取和自动分类,再根据结果统计出HFOs高发区确定癫痫灶;最后,分析3位癫痫患者的颅内脑电数据,评估检测性能及病灶定位准确度。结果本文HFOs自动检测方法的灵敏度和误检率分别为90%和7.46%,其中两位局灶性癫痫患者的HFOs高发通道与癫痫灶有较强关联。结论将小波包分解和BP神经网络相结合并用于HFOs的自动检测,能在保持高灵敏度的同时有效降低其误检率。临床确诊的致痫区与HFOs高发区有较高相关性,初步证实HFOs可用于定位局灶性癫痫灶。展开更多
文摘睡眠中癫痫性电持续状态（electrical statusepil epticus during sleep，ESES）是指由睡眠诱发的接近持续棘慢波发放的一种特殊脑电现象，可出现在一系列以癫痫发作、ESES和认知损伤为共同特征的儿童癫痫综合征中，包括癫痫伴慢波睡眠期持续棘慢波、获得性癫痫失语综合征、儿童良性癫痫伴中央颞区棘波及其变异型。ESES的产生机制目前尚不明确，但在多方面包括遗传学病因（GRIN2A、拷贝数变异等）、高频振荡及脑网络研究方面已取得了一定的进展。ESES相关综合征的治疗必须同时兼顾癫痫发作和ESES，应积极选择合理的抗癫痫药物或其他治疗方案，如激素等，从而最大限度地减少癫痫发作、保护认知功能。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (40675020)
文摘Initialization and initial imbalance problem were discussed in the context of a three-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the new generation"Weather Research and Forecasting Model". Several options of digital filter initialization have been tested with a rain storm case. It is shown that digital filter initialization, especially diabatic digital filter initialization and twice digital filter initialization, have effectively removed spurious high frequency noise from initial data for numerical weather prediction and produced balanced initial conditions. For six consecutive intermittent data assimilation cycles covering a 3-day period, mean initialization increments and impact on forecast variables are studied. DFI has been demonstrated to provide better adjustment of the hydrometeors and vertical velocity, reduced spin-up time, and improved forecast variables quantity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41375050, 41405048 and 41205032)the China National Basic Research Program (Grant Nos. 2011CB403500 and 2014CB953904)
文摘High-frequency oscillations, with periods of about 2 hours, are first identified by applying wavelet analysis to observed minutely wind speeds around the eye and eyewall of tropical cyclones（TCs）. Analysis of a model simulation of Typhoon Hagupit（2008） shows that the oscillations also occur in the TC intensity, vertical motion, convergence activity and air density around the eyewall. Sequences of oscillations in these variables follow a certain order.
文摘Background： To study the characters of high-frequency oscillations （HFOs） in the seizure onset zones （SOZ） and the nonseizure onset zones （NSOZ） in the electrocorticography （ECoG） of patients with neocortical epilepsy. Methods： Only patients with neocortical epilepsy who were seizure-free after surgery as determined with ECoG were included. We selected patients with normal magnetic resonance imaging before surgery in order to avoid the influence of HFOs by other lesions. Three minutes preictal and 1 0 rain interictal ECoG as recorded in 39 channels in the SOZ and 256 channels in the NSOZ were analyzed. Ripples and fast ripples （FRs） were analyzed by Advanced Source Analysis soltware （ASA, The Netherlands）. Average duration of HFOs was analyzed in SOZ and NSOZ separately. Results： For ripples, the permillage time occupied by HFOs was 0.83 in NSOZ and 1.17 in SOZ during the interictal period. During preictal period, they were 2.02 in NSOZ and 7.93 in SOZ. For FRs, the permillage time occupied by HFOs was 0.02 in NSOZ and 0.42 in SOZ during the interictal period. During preictal period, they were 0.03 in NSOZ and 2 in SOZ. Conclusions： High-frequency oscillations are linked to SOZ in neocortical epilepsy. Our study demonstrates the prevalent occurrence of HFOs in SOZ. More and more burst of HFOs, especially FRs, means the onset of seizures.
文摘目的研究一种基于颅内脑电高频振荡信号(high frequency oscillations,HFOs)自动检测的癫痫灶定位技术。方法针对高频噪声及癫痫样尖峰波形等信号易被误检为HFOs的问题,采用小波包滤波对信号进行预处理,然后用BP神经网络进行特征提取和自动分类,再根据结果统计出HFOs高发区确定癫痫灶;最后,分析3位癫痫患者的颅内脑电数据,评估检测性能及病灶定位准确度。结果本文HFOs自动检测方法的灵敏度和误检率分别为90%和7.46%,其中两位局灶性癫痫患者的HFOs高发通道与癫痫灶有较强关联。结论将小波包分解和BP神经网络相结合并用于HFOs的自动检测,能在保持高灵敏度的同时有效降低其误检率。临床确诊的致痫区与HFOs高发区有较高相关性,初步证实HFOs可用于定位局灶性癫痫灶。
