HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are chronic complications of HIV infection in the central nervous system. Clinical presentations include asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), mild neurocognitive...HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are chronic complications of HIV infection in the central nervous system. Clinical presentations include asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), mild neurocognitive impairment (MND), and HIV-associated dementia (HAD). In the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the prevalence of HAD has significantly decreased, but the rates of ANI and MND have increased, impairing patients’ daily functioning, medical adherence, employment, driving abilities, risk of HIV transmission, overall quality of life, and posing challenges to society, economy, families, and public health. This article reviews the latest research findings regarding the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological assessment of HAND, aiming to provide insights into the prevention and management of HAND.展开更多
功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)可无创的进行人脑功能检测,并具有较高的较好的可重复性及空间分辨率,成为研究人体生理变化与大脑活动之间关系的重要工具。fMRI最常用的方法是基于血氧水平依赖(blood-oxyg...功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)可无创的进行人脑功能检测,并具有较高的较好的可重复性及空间分辨率,成为研究人体生理变化与大脑活动之间关系的重要工具。fMRI最常用的方法是基于血氧水平依赖(blood-oxygen-level dependent,BOLD)技术的功能性成像,通常包括任务态和静息态。静息态比任务态fMRI更简单易行,一致性更高。而在艾滋病领域,我们急需敏感性的生物标记物来检测艾滋病患者的脑功能改变。本文将综述静息态fMRI的原理、分析方法及其在艾滋病相关神经认知障碍中的应用。展开更多
基金国家自然科学基金(81370740,81873762,81871198)广东省自然科学基金重点项目(2017B030311017)湖南省科技计划重点研发项目(2018SK2069)Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81370740,81873762,81871198)。
文摘HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are chronic complications of HIV infection in the central nervous system. Clinical presentations include asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), mild neurocognitive impairment (MND), and HIV-associated dementia (HAD). In the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the prevalence of HAD has significantly decreased, but the rates of ANI and MND have increased, impairing patients’ daily functioning, medical adherence, employment, driving abilities, risk of HIV transmission, overall quality of life, and posing challenges to society, economy, families, and public health. This article reviews the latest research findings regarding the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment, neuroimaging, and neuropsychological assessment of HAND, aiming to provide insights into the prevention and management of HAND.
文摘功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging,fMRI)可无创的进行人脑功能检测,并具有较高的较好的可重复性及空间分辨率,成为研究人体生理变化与大脑活动之间关系的重要工具。fMRI最常用的方法是基于血氧水平依赖(blood-oxygen-level dependent,BOLD)技术的功能性成像,通常包括任务态和静息态。静息态比任务态fMRI更简单易行,一致性更高。而在艾滋病领域,我们急需敏感性的生物标记物来检测艾滋病患者的脑功能改变。本文将综述静息态fMRI的原理、分析方法及其在艾滋病相关神经认知障碍中的应用。
