Optimization analysis and computational fluid dynamics （CFDs） have been applied simultaneously, in which a parametric model plays an important role in finding the optimal solution. However, it is difficult to create...Optimization analysis and computational fluid dynamics （CFDs） have been applied simultaneously, in which a parametric model plays an important role in finding the optimal solution. However, it is difficult to create a parametric model for a complex shape with irregular curves, such as a submarine hull form. In this study, the cubic Bezier curve and curve-plane intersection method are used to generate a solid model of a parametric submarine hull form taking three input parameters into account： nose radius, tail radius, and length-height hull ratio （L/H）. Application program interface （API） scripting is also used to write code in the ANSYS DesignModeler. The results show that the submarine shape can be generated with some variation of the input parameters. An example is given that shows how the proposed method can be applied successfully to a hull resistance optimization case. The parametric design of the middle submarine type was chosen to be modified. First, the original submarine model was analyzed, in advance, using CFD. Then, using the response surface graph, some candidate optimal designs with a minimum hull resistance coefficient were obtained. Further, the optimization method in goal-driven optimization （GDO） was implemented to find the submarine hull form with the minimum hull resistance coefficient （Ct）. The minimum C, was obtained. The calculated difference in （7, values between the initial submarine and the optimum submarine is around 0.26%, with the C, of the initial submarine and the optimum submarine being 0.001 508 26 and 0.001 504 29, respectively. The results show that the optimum submarine hull form shows a higher nose radius （rn） and higher L/H than those of the initial submarine shape, while the radius of the tail （r1） is smaller than that of the initial shape.展开更多
As an important government document that expresses the Chinese government’s position,tells the truth,summarizes historical experience,and publicizes China’s plans,the human rights white paper plays a role in emancip...As an important government document that expresses the Chinese government’s position,tells the truth,summarizes historical experience,and publicizes China’s plans,the human rights white paper plays a role in emancipating the mind and lays a solid foundation for building China’s human rights discourse system.Covering a wide range of topics,the white paper always aims to solve people’s immediate practical problems.The human rights discourse system has gradually shown three major theoretical trends:the objectification of language,the simplification of expression,and the autonomy of communication and interaction.With the overall development of China’s human rights cause,the human rights white paper in the new era will continue to play its unique function of goal guidance.展开更多
基金Supported by the Ministry of Research,Technology,and Higher Education Republic of Indonesia,through the Budget Implementation List(DIPA)of Diponegoro University,Grant No.DIPA-023.04.02.189185/2014,December 05,2013
文摘Optimization analysis and computational fluid dynamics （CFDs） have been applied simultaneously, in which a parametric model plays an important role in finding the optimal solution. However, it is difficult to create a parametric model for a complex shape with irregular curves, such as a submarine hull form. In this study, the cubic Bezier curve and curve-plane intersection method are used to generate a solid model of a parametric submarine hull form taking three input parameters into account： nose radius, tail radius, and length-height hull ratio （L/H）. Application program interface （API） scripting is also used to write code in the ANSYS DesignModeler. The results show that the submarine shape can be generated with some variation of the input parameters. An example is given that shows how the proposed method can be applied successfully to a hull resistance optimization case. The parametric design of the middle submarine type was chosen to be modified. First, the original submarine model was analyzed, in advance, using CFD. Then, using the response surface graph, some candidate optimal designs with a minimum hull resistance coefficient were obtained. Further, the optimization method in goal-driven optimization （GDO） was implemented to find the submarine hull form with the minimum hull resistance coefficient （Ct）. The minimum C, was obtained. The calculated difference in （7, values between the initial submarine and the optimum submarine is around 0.26%, with the C, of the initial submarine and the optimum submarine being 0.001 508 26 and 0.001 504 29, respectively. The results show that the optimum submarine hull form shows a higher nose radius （rn） and higher L/H than those of the initial submarine shape, while the radius of the tail （r1） is smaller than that of the initial shape.
文摘As an important government document that expresses the Chinese government’s position,tells the truth,summarizes historical experience,and publicizes China’s plans,the human rights white paper plays a role in emancipating the mind and lays a solid foundation for building China’s human rights discourse system.Covering a wide range of topics,the white paper always aims to solve people’s immediate practical problems.The human rights discourse system has gradually shown three major theoretical trends:the objectification of language,the simplification of expression,and the autonomy of communication and interaction.With the overall development of China’s human rights cause,the human rights white paper in the new era will continue to play its unique function of goal guidance.
