【背景】自1995年至今,小麦赤霉病(Fusarium head blight,FHB)逐渐在海河平原蔓延,由零星出现演变成连片发生,在流行年份呈现出暴发快、面积大、损失重的特点,小麦赤霉病已由次要病害上升为主要病害之一。准确的预测预报是有效控制小麦...【背景】自1995年至今,小麦赤霉病(Fusarium head blight,FHB)逐渐在海河平原蔓延,由零星出现演变成连片发生,在流行年份呈现出暴发快、面积大、损失重的特点,小麦赤霉病已由次要病害上升为主要病害之一。准确的预测预报是有效控制小麦赤霉病发生与发展的关键和难点。【目的】根据海河平原小麦赤霉病发生情况的监测分析,构建适宜的小麦赤霉病预测模型,为科学防控赤霉病提供技术支撑。【方法】基于2001-2016年海河平原21个小麦主产县(市)的赤霉病病穗率数据,以及小麦关键生育期内的气象数据,采用逐步回归分析,筛选影响小麦赤霉病发生的关键气象因子,构建基于多元线性回归模型和增强回归树模型的小麦赤霉病发生预测模型。【结果】明确了增强回归树模型的学习效率(lr)为0.005、树的复杂度(tc)为6时,模型的预测偏差最低,残差标准误为0.006311;筛选出8个对海河平原小麦赤霉病发生影响显著的关键气象因子,即MRH15、Rain-35、MRH-55、SD15、LT-65、MWS-55、MT-25、DRain15,并构建了含有8个预测变量的多元线性回归模型(R^(2)=0.8158,矫正R^(2)=0.8018,P<2.2×10^(-16))。同时,应用增强回归树模型评估了上述8个关键气象因子的重要性,分别为69.62%、14.08%、4.89%、4.34%、3.35%、2.02%、1.20%、0.50%;根据重要的预测变量进一步简化预测模型,构建了含有4个预测变量的多元线性回归模型(y=-19.45376+0.11689MRH15+0.17346Rain-35+0.04185SD15+0.26592MRH-55,R^(2)=0.7575,矫正R^(2)=0.7468,P<2.2×10^(-16));当预测变量由8个调减至4个时,利用2008、2010、2012年安新、定州、馆陶等地历史数据验证模型预测病穗率的准确度,多元线性回归模型预测准确度由88.43%降至85.90%,增强回归树模型预测准确度由87.72%升至91.23%;利用2001-2016年正定、栾城的历史数据验证模型预测病穗率的准确度,两个模型预测准确度无显著变化,多元线�展开更多
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed several advantages to identify gene functions such as short experimental cycle, more broad hosts, etc. In this study, the feasibility and efficiency of employing Barley strip...Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed several advantages to identify gene functions such as short experimental cycle, more broad hosts, etc. In this study, the feasibility and efficiency of employing Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)- based VIGS system to evaluate Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance were explored in wheat. With variable conditions tested, it showed that the maximal silencing efficiency 78% on spike was obtained when the recombinant BSMV was inoculated on flag leaf at flagging stage. However, the plant may reduce its own immunity to FHB when inoculated with BSMV. To induce this impact, different Fusarium graminearum strains were tested and SF06-1 strain was selected for FHB resistance evaluation. Using this system, TaAOC, TaAOS, and TaOPR3 involved in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway were identified to positively regulate FHB resistance, which was underpinned by the results when silencing TaAOS in wheat by stable transgenic plants.展开更多
文摘【背景】自1995年至今,小麦赤霉病(Fusarium head blight,FHB)逐渐在海河平原蔓延,由零星出现演变成连片发生,在流行年份呈现出暴发快、面积大、损失重的特点,小麦赤霉病已由次要病害上升为主要病害之一。准确的预测预报是有效控制小麦赤霉病发生与发展的关键和难点。【目的】根据海河平原小麦赤霉病发生情况的监测分析,构建适宜的小麦赤霉病预测模型,为科学防控赤霉病提供技术支撑。【方法】基于2001-2016年海河平原21个小麦主产县(市)的赤霉病病穗率数据,以及小麦关键生育期内的气象数据,采用逐步回归分析,筛选影响小麦赤霉病发生的关键气象因子,构建基于多元线性回归模型和增强回归树模型的小麦赤霉病发生预测模型。【结果】明确了增强回归树模型的学习效率(lr)为0.005、树的复杂度(tc)为6时,模型的预测偏差最低,残差标准误为0.006311;筛选出8个对海河平原小麦赤霉病发生影响显著的关键气象因子,即MRH15、Rain-35、MRH-55、SD15、LT-65、MWS-55、MT-25、DRain15,并构建了含有8个预测变量的多元线性回归模型(R^(2)=0.8158,矫正R^(2)=0.8018,P<2.2×10^(-16))。同时,应用增强回归树模型评估了上述8个关键气象因子的重要性,分别为69.62%、14.08%、4.89%、4.34%、3.35%、2.02%、1.20%、0.50%;根据重要的预测变量进一步简化预测模型,构建了含有4个预测变量的多元线性回归模型(y=-19.45376+0.11689MRH15+0.17346Rain-35+0.04185SD15+0.26592MRH-55,R^(2)=0.7575,矫正R^(2)=0.7468,P<2.2×10^(-16));当预测变量由8个调减至4个时,利用2008、2010、2012年安新、定州、馆陶等地历史数据验证模型预测病穗率的准确度,多元线性回归模型预测准确度由88.43%降至85.90%,增强回归树模型预测准确度由87.72%升至91.23%;利用2001-2016年正定、栾城的历史数据验证模型预测病穗率的准确度,两个模型预测准确度无显著变化,多元线�
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (3315203911 and 31471488)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0100602)+1 种基金the Transgenic Special Item, China (2016ZX08002003-002 and 2016ZX08009-003)the Bohai Granary Science and Technology Demonstration Project of Shandong Province, China (2017BHLC020)
文摘Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed several advantages to identify gene functions such as short experimental cycle, more broad hosts, etc. In this study, the feasibility and efficiency of employing Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)- based VIGS system to evaluate Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance were explored in wheat. With variable conditions tested, it showed that the maximal silencing efficiency 78% on spike was obtained when the recombinant BSMV was inoculated on flag leaf at flagging stage. However, the plant may reduce its own immunity to FHB when inoculated with BSMV. To induce this impact, different Fusarium graminearum strains were tested and SF06-1 strain was selected for FHB resistance evaluation. Using this system, TaAOC, TaAOS, and TaOPR3 involved in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway were identified to positively regulate FHB resistance, which was underpinned by the results when silencing TaAOS in wheat by stable transgenic plants.
