The chromosomes of spinyhead croaker Collichthys lucidus（Richardson,1844） were characterized for the first time by fluorescence staining,self genomic in situ hybridization（self-GISH）,and multicolor fluorescence in...The chromosomes of spinyhead croaker Collichthys lucidus（Richardson,1844） were characterized for the first time by fluorescence staining,self genomic in situ hybridization（self-GISH）,and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH） with 18 SrDNA,5 SrDNA and telomeric sequence probes.The female karyotype has exclusively 24 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes（2 n=48 a,NF=48）,while the male one consists of 22 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes,2 monosomic acrocentric chromosomes and a metacentric chromosome（2 n=1 m＋46 a,NF=48）.The difference between female and male karyotypes indicates the presence of a sex chromosome of X1 X1 X2 X2/X1 X2 Y type,where Y is the unique metacentric chromosome in the male karyotype.As revealed by FISH,5 S r DNA and 18 S r DNA sites were mapped at syntenic position of the largest acrocentric chromosome（X_1）,and the short arms of the Y chromosome as well.An X_1-chromosome specific interstitial telomeric signal（ITS） was detected overlapping the 5 S r DNA sites.In addition,self-GISH revealed that the repetitive DNAs accumulated on all the putative sex chromosome.Chromosome fusion accompanied by a partial deletion in the ancestral karyotype（2 n=48 a） is hypothesized for the origin of such multiple sex chromosome system.The present study,as the first description of differentiated sex chromosome in family Sciaenidae,will give clues to the studies on the sex chromosome of other Sciaenids.展开更多
Cotton is the world's most important natural fiber crop. It is also a model system for studying polyploidization, genomic organization, and genome-size variation. Integrating the cytological characterization of co...Cotton is the world's most important natural fiber crop. It is also a model system for studying polyploidization, genomic organization, and genome-size variation. Integrating the cytological characterization of cotton with its genetic map will be essential for understanding its genome structure and evolution, as well as for performing further genetic-map based mapping and cloning. In this study, we isolated a complete set of bacterial artificial chromosome clones anchored to each of the 52 chromosome arms of the tetraploid cotton Gossypium hirsutum. Combining these with telomere and centromere markers, we constructed a standard karyotype for the G. hirsutum inbred line TM-1. We dissected the chromosome arm localizations of the 45 S and 5S r DNA and suggest a centromere repositioning event in the homoeologous chromosomes AT09 and DT09. By integrating a systematic karyotype analysis with the genetic linkage map, we observed different genome sizes and chromosomal structures between the subgenomes of the tetraploid cotton and those of its diploid ancestors. Using evidence of conserved coding sequences, we suggest that the different evolutionary paths of non-coding retrotransposons account for most of the variation in size between the subgenomes of tetraploid cotton and its diploid ancestors. These results provide insights into the cotton genome and will facilitate further genome studies in G. hirsutum.展开更多
目的探讨与羊水细胞染色体核型分析相比,荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术在产前诊断中的优缺点及临床应用价值。方法对2009年1月至2010年2月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院208例孕妇抽取羊水体外培养...目的探讨与羊水细胞染色体核型分析相比,荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术在产前诊断中的优缺点及临床应用价值。方法对2009年1月至2010年2月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院208例孕妇抽取羊水体外培养后进行染色体核型分析,其中53例同时应用FISH技术直接对间期核细胞进行13、18、21、X、Y的染色体数目检测。结果 (1)208例中,共完成羊水细胞核型分析199例,诊断成功率为95.7%(199/208),其中异常染色体核型占8.04%(16/199),报告时间平均为(22.49±6.12)d。(2)同时进行核型分析和FISH检测的53例患者,核型分析及FISH诊断成功率均为100%,共发现染色体异常4例,占7.55%(4/53);其中结构异常3例(经核型分析诊断)、数目异常1例(核型分析及FISH均诊断成功)。(3)在染色体数目的诊断上,53例的FISH检测与染色体核型分析的一致率为100%,平均报告时间为2～4d。结论 (1)FISH技术应用于产前诊断染色体数目异常,成功率高,准确可靠,较常规核型分析方法有效缩短报告时间。(2)对于可能存在染色体结构异常的患者,单纯使用FISH将发生漏诊。(3)FISH不能完全替代常规染色体核型分析,疑有染色体结构异常者,必须同时行羊水细胞染色体核型分析。展开更多
目的通过对孕妇羊水进行染色体核型、荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH）分析，探讨两者联合检测在诊断罗伯逊易位型21-三体中的应用价值。方法为2010年1月至2011年12月进行产前诊断的孕妇抽取羊水，经体外细胞...目的通过对孕妇羊水进行染色体核型、荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH）分析，探讨两者联合检测在诊断罗伯逊易位型21-三体中的应用价值。方法为2010年1月至2011年12月进行产前诊断的孕妇抽取羊水，经体外细胞培养后进行G显带染色体核型分析。对发现的5例罗伯逊易位采用FIsH检测间期细胞13、18、21及x／Y的染色体数目，并分析孕妇及其丈夫外周血染色体核型。结果两个胎儿父母外周血染色体核型正常，其中一个胎儿羊水染色体核型为46，XY，rob（21；21）（q10；q10），FISH检测提示其为21-二体，另一个胎儿核型为46，XY，rob（14；21）（q10；q10），FISH检测证实其为21-三体。另外3个胎儿母亲外周血染色体核型分别为45，XX，rob（14；21）（q10；q10）、45，XX，rob（15；21）（q10；q10）、45，XX，rob（21；22）（q10；q10），其羊水染色体核型分别为46，XX，rob（14；21）（q10；q10）、46，XY，rob（15；21）（q10；q10）、46，XX，rob（21；22）（q10；q10）。FISH检测证实其均为21-三体。结论染色体核型分析结合FISH检测有助于明确罗伯逊易位型21-三体的诊断，但FISH检测同源罗伯逊易位型21-三体征有一定局限性。展开更多
目的：分析并比较荧光原位杂交技术（fluorescence in situ hybridization，FISH）TL普通染色体核型分析技术在自然流产中的诊断意义。方法：以早孕自然流产的患者为研究对象，共201例。将同一孕周的患者随机分为A组和B组，A组（”=100...目的：分析并比较荧光原位杂交技术（fluorescence in situ hybridization，FISH）TL普通染色体核型分析技术在自然流产中的诊断意义。方法：以早孕自然流产的患者为研究对象，共201例。将同一孕周的患者随机分为A组和B组，A组（”=100）进行绒毛培养加染色体核型分析，B组（n=101）进行FISH分析，另在A、B组孕6-11周患者中每一孕周各随机选取1例，每组6例，共12例同时进行2种技术分析，并比较结果。结果：染色体核型分析成功率为66％，其中核型异常率为30．3％；FISH成功率为100％其中核型异常率为46．5％；2种检测技术检测出的异常核型率比较有统计学差异（P=0．036）。结论：2种分析技术对异常核型的检出率有明显的差异，FISH更容易成功，更能反应胚胎的染色体数目；染色体核型分析结合FISH技术能有效诊断自然流产的染色体异常。展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 31272653 and 41706157the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under contract No.2017J01449
文摘The chromosomes of spinyhead croaker Collichthys lucidus（Richardson,1844） were characterized for the first time by fluorescence staining,self genomic in situ hybridization（self-GISH）,and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH） with 18 SrDNA,5 SrDNA and telomeric sequence probes.The female karyotype has exclusively 24 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes（2 n=48 a,NF=48）,while the male one consists of 22 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes,2 monosomic acrocentric chromosomes and a metacentric chromosome（2 n=1 m＋46 a,NF=48）.The difference between female and male karyotypes indicates the presence of a sex chromosome of X1 X1 X2 X2/X1 X2 Y type,where Y is the unique metacentric chromosome in the male karyotype.As revealed by FISH,5 S r DNA and 18 S r DNA sites were mapped at syntenic position of the largest acrocentric chromosome（X_1）,and the short arms of the Y chromosome as well.An X_1-chromosome specific interstitial telomeric signal（ITS） was detected overlapping the 5 S r DNA sites.In addition,self-GISH revealed that the repetitive DNAs accumulated on all the putative sex chromosome.Chromosome fusion accompanied by a partial deletion in the ancestral karyotype（2 n=48 a） is hypothesized for the origin of such multiple sex chromosome system.The present study,as the first description of differentiated sex chromosome in family Sciaenidae,will give clues to the studies on the sex chromosome of other Sciaenids.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31471170)State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Open Fund (No.CB2015A05)+1 种基金the New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-10-0496)the Open Project Program of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Yangzhou University (No.K13001)
文摘Cotton is the world's most important natural fiber crop. It is also a model system for studying polyploidization, genomic organization, and genome-size variation. Integrating the cytological characterization of cotton with its genetic map will be essential for understanding its genome structure and evolution, as well as for performing further genetic-map based mapping and cloning. In this study, we isolated a complete set of bacterial artificial chromosome clones anchored to each of the 52 chromosome arms of the tetraploid cotton Gossypium hirsutum. Combining these with telomere and centromere markers, we constructed a standard karyotype for the G. hirsutum inbred line TM-1. We dissected the chromosome arm localizations of the 45 S and 5S r DNA and suggest a centromere repositioning event in the homoeologous chromosomes AT09 and DT09. By integrating a systematic karyotype analysis with the genetic linkage map, we observed different genome sizes and chromosomal structures between the subgenomes of the tetraploid cotton and those of its diploid ancestors. Using evidence of conserved coding sequences, we suggest that the different evolutionary paths of non-coding retrotransposons account for most of the variation in size between the subgenomes of tetraploid cotton and its diploid ancestors. These results provide insights into the cotton genome and will facilitate further genome studies in G. hirsutum.
文摘目的通过对孕妇羊水进行染色体核型、荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH）分析，探讨两者联合检测在诊断罗伯逊易位型21-三体中的应用价值。方法为2010年1月至2011年12月进行产前诊断的孕妇抽取羊水，经体外细胞培养后进行G显带染色体核型分析。对发现的5例罗伯逊易位采用FIsH检测间期细胞13、18、21及x／Y的染色体数目，并分析孕妇及其丈夫外周血染色体核型。结果两个胎儿父母外周血染色体核型正常，其中一个胎儿羊水染色体核型为46，XY，rob（21；21）（q10；q10），FISH检测提示其为21-二体，另一个胎儿核型为46，XY，rob（14；21）（q10；q10），FISH检测证实其为21-三体。另外3个胎儿母亲外周血染色体核型分别为45，XX，rob（14；21）（q10；q10）、45，XX，rob（15；21）（q10；q10）、45，XX，rob（21；22）（q10；q10），其羊水染色体核型分别为46，XX，rob（14；21）（q10；q10）、46，XY，rob（15；21）（q10；q10）、46，XX，rob（21；22）（q10；q10）。FISH检测证实其均为21-三体。结论染色体核型分析结合FISH检测有助于明确罗伯逊易位型21-三体的诊断，但FISH检测同源罗伯逊易位型21-三体征有一定局限性。
文摘目的：分析并比较荧光原位杂交技术（fluorescence in situ hybridization，FISH）TL普通染色体核型分析技术在自然流产中的诊断意义。方法：以早孕自然流产的患者为研究对象，共201例。将同一孕周的患者随机分为A组和B组，A组（”=100）进行绒毛培养加染色体核型分析，B组（n=101）进行FISH分析，另在A、B组孕6-11周患者中每一孕周各随机选取1例，每组6例，共12例同时进行2种技术分析，并比较结果。结果：染色体核型分析成功率为66％，其中核型异常率为30．3％；FISH成功率为100％其中核型异常率为46．5％；2种检测技术检测出的异常核型率比较有统计学差异（P=0．036）。结论：2种分析技术对异常核型的检出率有明显的差异，FISH更容易成功，更能反应胚胎的染色体数目；染色体核型分析结合FISH技术能有效诊断自然流产的染色体异常。
