生物质燃烧向大气中排放大量痕量气体和颗粒物,源排放清单是深入研究生物质燃烧环境气候效应的重要基础数据。利用全球火排放数据库GFED(Global Fire Emissions Database)、NCAR全球火排放清单FINN(Fire INventory from NCAR)和中国露...生物质燃烧向大气中排放大量痕量气体和颗粒物,源排放清单是深入研究生物质燃烧环境气候效应的重要基础数据。利用全球火排放数据库GFED(Global Fire Emissions Database)、NCAR全球火排放清单FINN(Fire INventory from NCAR)和中国露天生物质燃烧排放清单MEIC(Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China),对2008~2017年中国地区生物质燃烧源排放的空间分布、季节和年际变化特征以及不同清单间的异同进行分析研究。3个清单都显示生物质燃烧释放的黑碳(BC)、有机碳(OC)、空气动力学粒径小于2.5μm的颗粒物(PM2.5)和一氧化碳(CO)在中国东北、长江和黄河下游之间地区和中国南方的排放量较高,与我国的主要农作物产地和森林地区分布一致。FINN清单排放量在华南地区与西南地区比其他两个清单高,而GFED清单排放量在长三角地区比其他两个清单排放量高。中国地区平均生物质燃烧排放量在春季出现峰值,而在不同的生物质燃烧地区峰值出现的季节不同,与各地农作物播种、收获时节和农耕习惯不同有关。2008~2017年,中国地区年平均生物质燃烧排放量的峰值主要出现在2014年,但各地区峰值出现的年份明显不同,东北、华中/东、华南和西南地区分别在2015年、2013年、2008年和2010年排放量达到最大。对于BC、OC和PM2.5,GFED和MEIC清单中的排放量比较接近,而FINN中的排放量是GFED和MEIC中的2~3倍;3个清单中CO的排放量比较接近。2014年生物质燃烧源排放与人为源排放的对比分析表明,所有物种中,生物质燃烧排放的OC和PM2.5相对于人为源排放量占比最大,3个清单中占比分别为9%~24%和5%~16%,说明生物质燃烧排放的OC和一次PM2.5是中国气溶胶的重要来源。展开更多
We develop a three-country heterogeneous-firm model and show that FDI liberalization in one foreign country （F1） results in the following： （i） some firms from the home country switch from export to FDI in F1; （i...We develop a three-country heterogeneous-firm model and show that FDI liberalization in one foreign country （F1） results in the following： （i） some firms from the home country switch from export to FDI in F1; （ii） skilled labor＇s wage rate drops in the home country; （iii） wage inequality between the skilled and unskilled labor decreases; and （iv） some firms from the home country switch from FDI to export to another foreign country （F2）. The effects from trade liberalization are just the opposite, but the effects from education improvement are qualitatively the same as FDI liberalization. The cross-country externalities work through the domestic labor market.展开更多
Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn tells the story of Huck and Jim,a white boy and a black slave,who run away in search of freedom.The first part of this thesis is the literature review.Focus is put on t...Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn tells the story of Huck and Jim,a white boy and a black slave,who run away in search of freedom.The first part of this thesis is the literature review.Focus is put on the review of the freedom theme and analysis.The main body starts from the second part which divides Huck’s escape into three stages:Huck’s aversion and tolerance to the civilized society before escape,his decayed initiative in the pursuit of freedom during the escape and his return to search for freedom at the end.Through above analysis,the conclusion is reached:Mark Twain’s view of freedom in this novel is vague and ambiguous,and there are many paradoxes in it.He longs for personal freedom but cannot escape from the secular society.He is willing to resist repressing civilization but unable to revolt its invasion.展开更多
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most famous works of Mark Twain. Huck has become the antihero in American literature. In addition, this kind of rebellion of spirit even has a realistic sense at presen...The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most famous works of Mark Twain. Huck has become the antihero in American literature. In addition, this kind of rebellion of spirit even has a realistic sense at present. This paper discusses Jim's anti-slavery from its source and conception. At last, the author concludes the indelible artistic value of Jim.展开更多
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been studied as a realistic work widely.Although The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn mainly work for the realism,there are also spark notes of romanticism in the book.So this essa...The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been studied as a realistic work widely.Although The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn mainly work for the realism,there are also spark notes of romanticism in the book.So this essay discusses the romanticism from its source and its conception,and the third part of this essay analyzes which parts and which points in the book show the romanticism,and analyzes the romanticism in the book from the general following aspects:description of the environment,the friendship between the main characters,the plots,and themes.At last,the author concludes the indelible artistic value in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.展开更多
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is Mark Twain's masterpiece,the one book from which,as Ernest Hemingway noted," All modern American literature comes ".It accounts the adventures of white Huck helping ...The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is Mark Twain's masterpiece,the one book from which,as Ernest Hemingway noted," All modern American literature comes ".It accounts the adventures of white Huck helping black slave Jim escape and pursue freedom.Through their long journey along the Mississippi River,we can see panorama of America,such as its slavery,racial conflicts and integration,American Puritanism,and Westward Movement,etc.This thesis mainly deals with Americans'national traits reflected in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn from the perspective of American developmental history and American culture.展开更多
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most greatest works of Mark Twain, an American literary giant in the 19th century, telling the story of fleeing and seeking for freedom along the Mississippi river. This pa...Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most greatest works of Mark Twain, an American literary giant in the 19th century, telling the story of fleeing and seeking for freedom along the Mississippi river. This paper will use the theory of core-periphery to analyze the encounter and mutual-helping of Huck and Jim.Their adventures reflect the fate of marginal characters, disclose some problems covered in the marginal spaces and make some marginal voices heard. What reflected behind is that the true,the good, and the beautiful of human nature and the righteousness of society are never absent.展开更多
In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,The Mississippi River is not just to provide a general background,but to constitute the center image of the novel.It gives"form"to the whole novel,all the adventures in ...In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,The Mississippi River is not just to provide a general background,but to constitute the center image of the novel.It gives"form"to the whole novel,all the adventures in the book begins with the river and ends with the river.This paper talks about the important river.It is a symbol of freedom and maternity,and it has deep meaning of life and regeneration,purification and sublimation.The symbols and senses of this river deepen the theme of the novel,and prop up its broad and profound metaphorical world.展开更多
Corporate governance mechanisms emerge to tackle agency problems in ensuring that shareholders＇ funds are not expropriated or wasted on unprofitable activities. The issue arises as to whether these improvements have ...Corporate governance mechanisms emerge to tackle agency problems in ensuring that shareholders＇ funds are not expropriated or wasted on unprofitable activities. The issue arises as to whether these improvements have been effective in reducing agency costs, and therefore enhancing firm value. The objectives of this paper is to examine the effects of governance mechanisms of dividend, types of ownership structure, and board governance on firm value. This paper utilises a panel data analysis of 403 firms listed on the Bursa Malaysia over a four-year period from years 2002 to 2005. A hierarchical regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses and the data is analysed using the generalized least square （GLS） estimation technique. Overall, the results highlight the importance of moderating role played by board governance variables with types of ownership structure to influence firm value. However, the benefits of better corporate governance through enhanced board governance are not the same across all firms since their incentives vary with respect to dividend and different types of ownership structure mechanisms.展开更多
James R.Dickenson once observed,“It is the fate of great literature to bmisread and misunderstood as well as savored and appreciated”(The Guardian,April 14,1985).A typical case in point is Mark Twain’s Adventures o...James R.Dickenson once observed,“It is the fate of great literature to bmisread and misunderstood as well as savored and appreciated”(The Guardian,April 14,1985).A typical case in point is Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huck-leberry Finn.Perhaps it is the most controversial book in American literaryhistory.On the one hand,it met with the most unfavorable reception after itsappearance.Many of its first readers and critics were shocked by its franknessin expression and its straightforward attacks on the existing institutions展开更多
Mark Twain is a famous writer and orator in America.Being distinguished from many greatest American writers,Mark Twain is noted for his language.Humor and satire are the best generalizations of his writing style.He is...Mark Twain is a famous writer and orator in America.Being distinguished from many greatest American writers,Mark Twain is noted for his language.Humor and satire are the best generalizations of his writing style.He is superior to other contemporary writers in that he not only makes use of humorous language to create a ridiculous atmosphere,but also to raise the curtain over the darkness of American society.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most typical one that can show his unique language.The author makes a humorous effect through the application of exaggerated language,expands the effect through the explicit and implicit contrast of the discourse,and creates a humorous atmosphere through the use of vernacular and dialect.Based on the discussion of humor and its characteristics,this paper analyzes and arranges the humorous language of Mark Twain in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,and then discusses how Mark Twain achieves the humorous effect by violating the Cooperative Principle,thus revealing the theme.展开更多
Fluidization mechanism of liquefiable cargo is similar to that of sand liquefaction.But the cargo is subjected to more complex external loads during sea transportation.Based on two different constitutive models,numeri...Fluidization mechanism of liquefiable cargo is similar to that of sand liquefaction.But the cargo is subjected to more complex external loads during sea transportation.Based on two different constitutive models,numerical predictions were conducted in this study.And the effects of ship motions including motion acceleration,frequency and relative density of cargo on fluidization was investigated.By comparing with available the experimental data,validation is carried out.Results show that the roll motion is the most important one related to cargo fluidization.When the motion acceleration increases,the possibility of cargo fluidization increases.The higher of the cargo density the lower of the possibility of cargo fluidization.The effect of frequency on cargo fluidization is not unique,and it exists a critical value.The fluidization behavior of cargo could be described both by UBCSAND and FINN models.And the comparisons were discussed and summed up.展开更多
As it is known to all, the new energy industry plays an important in the economic transformation and structure adjustment of our country. The government attaches great importance to the development of the new energy i...As it is known to all, the new energy industry plays an important in the economic transformation and structure adjustment of our country. The government attaches great importance to the development of the new energy industry. Particularly for the developing countries, to achieve rapid development require a lot of capital. However, there are some problems with finance in the development of the new energy industry. Based on the analysis, this paper puts forward some countermeasures.展开更多
Socially-responsible business and ethical behavior of companies have been of interest to academia and practice for decades, but the focus has almost exclusively been on large corporations, while small and medium-sized...Socially-responsible business and ethical behavior of companies have been of interest to academia and practice for decades, but the focus has almost exclusively been on large corporations, while small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） have not received as much attention （Hammann, et al., 2009）. Worthington, et al （2006） recognized the need to encourage socially-responsible business practices among the 90 per cent or more of the world＇s businesses that are classified as SMEs. Perrini, et al （2007） found that size explains the differences in firms＇ willingness to define and implement such specific corporate social responsibility （CSR） strategies, while Murillo and Lozano （2006） concluded that it still remains to be explored whether manufacturing companies tend to apply CSR more extensively, or whether businesses oriented to other business have a tendency to incorporate CSR into their management patterns to a higher degree. Moreover, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, in her 7 June, 2002 speech, recognized the importance of Chinese-Filipinos in helping improve the Philippine economy, and yet, not much research had been done on this sub-sector. Thus, this paper focuses on the effect of finn size and finn activities on the social responsibility practices of selected 30 micro, small and medium-sized enterprises （MSMEs） in Metro Manila which are owned by Chinese-Filipinos. Survey questionnaires and interview were used for gathering data, while a correlations test was used to analyze the data and to conclude whether finn size and finn activities have an effect on the sampled companies＇ CSR practices.展开更多
文摘生物质燃烧向大气中排放大量痕量气体和颗粒物,源排放清单是深入研究生物质燃烧环境气候效应的重要基础数据。利用全球火排放数据库GFED(Global Fire Emissions Database)、NCAR全球火排放清单FINN(Fire INventory from NCAR)和中国露天生物质燃烧排放清单MEIC(Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China),对2008~2017年中国地区生物质燃烧源排放的空间分布、季节和年际变化特征以及不同清单间的异同进行分析研究。3个清单都显示生物质燃烧释放的黑碳(BC)、有机碳(OC)、空气动力学粒径小于2.5μm的颗粒物(PM2.5)和一氧化碳(CO)在中国东北、长江和黄河下游之间地区和中国南方的排放量较高,与我国的主要农作物产地和森林地区分布一致。FINN清单排放量在华南地区与西南地区比其他两个清单高,而GFED清单排放量在长三角地区比其他两个清单排放量高。中国地区平均生物质燃烧排放量在春季出现峰值,而在不同的生物质燃烧地区峰值出现的季节不同,与各地农作物播种、收获时节和农耕习惯不同有关。2008~2017年,中国地区年平均生物质燃烧排放量的峰值主要出现在2014年,但各地区峰值出现的年份明显不同,东北、华中/东、华南和西南地区分别在2015年、2013年、2008年和2010年排放量达到最大。对于BC、OC和PM2.5,GFED和MEIC清单中的排放量比较接近,而FINN中的排放量是GFED和MEIC中的2~3倍;3个清单中CO的排放量比较接近。2014年生物质燃烧源排放与人为源排放的对比分析表明,所有物种中,生物质燃烧排放的OC和PM2.5相对于人为源排放量占比最大,3个清单中占比分别为9%~24%和5%~16%,说明生物质燃烧排放的OC和一次PM2.5是中国气溶胶的重要来源。
文摘We develop a three-country heterogeneous-firm model and show that FDI liberalization in one foreign country （F1） results in the following： （i） some firms from the home country switch from export to FDI in F1; （ii） skilled labor＇s wage rate drops in the home country; （iii） wage inequality between the skilled and unskilled labor decreases; and （iv） some firms from the home country switch from FDI to export to another foreign country （F2）. The effects from trade liberalization are just the opposite, but the effects from education improvement are qualitatively the same as FDI liberalization. The cross-country externalities work through the domestic labor market.
文摘Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn tells the story of Huck and Jim,a white boy and a black slave,who run away in search of freedom.The first part of this thesis is the literature review.Focus is put on the review of the freedom theme and analysis.The main body starts from the second part which divides Huck’s escape into three stages:Huck’s aversion and tolerance to the civilized society before escape,his decayed initiative in the pursuit of freedom during the escape and his return to search for freedom at the end.Through above analysis,the conclusion is reached:Mark Twain’s view of freedom in this novel is vague and ambiguous,and there are many paradoxes in it.He longs for personal freedom but cannot escape from the secular society.He is willing to resist repressing civilization but unable to revolt its invasion.
文摘The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most famous works of Mark Twain. Huck has become the antihero in American literature. In addition, this kind of rebellion of spirit even has a realistic sense at present. This paper discusses Jim's anti-slavery from its source and conception. At last, the author concludes the indelible artistic value of Jim.
文摘The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been studied as a realistic work widely.Although The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn mainly work for the realism,there are also spark notes of romanticism in the book.So this essay discusses the romanticism from its source and its conception,and the third part of this essay analyzes which parts and which points in the book show the romanticism,and analyzes the romanticism in the book from the general following aspects:description of the environment,the friendship between the main characters,the plots,and themes.At last,the author concludes the indelible artistic value in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
文摘The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is Mark Twain's masterpiece,the one book from which,as Ernest Hemingway noted," All modern American literature comes ".It accounts the adventures of white Huck helping black slave Jim escape and pursue freedom.Through their long journey along the Mississippi River,we can see panorama of America,such as its slavery,racial conflicts and integration,American Puritanism,and Westward Movement,etc.This thesis mainly deals with Americans'national traits reflected in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn from the perspective of American developmental history and American culture.
文摘Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most greatest works of Mark Twain, an American literary giant in the 19th century, telling the story of fleeing and seeking for freedom along the Mississippi river. This paper will use the theory of core-periphery to analyze the encounter and mutual-helping of Huck and Jim.Their adventures reflect the fate of marginal characters, disclose some problems covered in the marginal spaces and make some marginal voices heard. What reflected behind is that the true,the good, and the beautiful of human nature and the righteousness of society are never absent.
文摘In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,The Mississippi River is not just to provide a general background,but to constitute the center image of the novel.It gives"form"to the whole novel,all the adventures in the book begins with the river and ends with the river.This paper talks about the important river.It is a symbol of freedom and maternity,and it has deep meaning of life and regeneration,purification and sublimation.The symbols and senses of this river deepen the theme of the novel,and prop up its broad and profound metaphorical world.
文摘Corporate governance mechanisms emerge to tackle agency problems in ensuring that shareholders＇ funds are not expropriated or wasted on unprofitable activities. The issue arises as to whether these improvements have been effective in reducing agency costs, and therefore enhancing firm value. The objectives of this paper is to examine the effects of governance mechanisms of dividend, types of ownership structure, and board governance on firm value. This paper utilises a panel data analysis of 403 firms listed on the Bursa Malaysia over a four-year period from years 2002 to 2005. A hierarchical regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses and the data is analysed using the generalized least square （GLS） estimation technique. Overall, the results highlight the importance of moderating role played by board governance variables with types of ownership structure to influence firm value. However, the benefits of better corporate governance through enhanced board governance are not the same across all firms since their incentives vary with respect to dividend and different types of ownership structure mechanisms.
文摘James R.Dickenson once observed,“It is the fate of great literature to bmisread and misunderstood as well as savored and appreciated”(The Guardian,April 14,1985).A typical case in point is Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huck-leberry Finn.Perhaps it is the most controversial book in American literaryhistory.On the one hand,it met with the most unfavorable reception after itsappearance.Many of its first readers and critics were shocked by its franknessin expression and its straightforward attacks on the existing institutions
文摘Mark Twain is a famous writer and orator in America.Being distinguished from many greatest American writers,Mark Twain is noted for his language.Humor and satire are the best generalizations of his writing style.He is superior to other contemporary writers in that he not only makes use of humorous language to create a ridiculous atmosphere,but also to raise the curtain over the darkness of American society.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most typical one that can show his unique language.The author makes a humorous effect through the application of exaggerated language,expands the effect through the explicit and implicit contrast of the discourse,and creates a humorous atmosphere through the use of vernacular and dialect.Based on the discussion of humor and its characteristics,this paper analyzes and arranges the humorous language of Mark Twain in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,and then discusses how Mark Twain achieves the humorous effect by violating the Cooperative Principle,thus revealing the theme.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51809237)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities(Grant No.2021J017).
文摘Fluidization mechanism of liquefiable cargo is similar to that of sand liquefaction.But the cargo is subjected to more complex external loads during sea transportation.Based on two different constitutive models,numerical predictions were conducted in this study.And the effects of ship motions including motion acceleration,frequency and relative density of cargo on fluidization was investigated.By comparing with available the experimental data,validation is carried out.Results show that the roll motion is the most important one related to cargo fluidization.When the motion acceleration increases,the possibility of cargo fluidization increases.The higher of the cargo density the lower of the possibility of cargo fluidization.The effect of frequency on cargo fluidization is not unique,and it exists a critical value.The fluidization behavior of cargo could be described both by UBCSAND and FINN models.And the comparisons were discussed and summed up.
文摘As it is known to all, the new energy industry plays an important in the economic transformation and structure adjustment of our country. The government attaches great importance to the development of the new energy industry. Particularly for the developing countries, to achieve rapid development require a lot of capital. However, there are some problems with finance in the development of the new energy industry. Based on the analysis, this paper puts forward some countermeasures.
文摘Socially-responsible business and ethical behavior of companies have been of interest to academia and practice for decades, but the focus has almost exclusively been on large corporations, while small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） have not received as much attention （Hammann, et al., 2009）. Worthington, et al （2006） recognized the need to encourage socially-responsible business practices among the 90 per cent or more of the world＇s businesses that are classified as SMEs. Perrini, et al （2007） found that size explains the differences in firms＇ willingness to define and implement such specific corporate social responsibility （CSR） strategies, while Murillo and Lozano （2006） concluded that it still remains to be explored whether manufacturing companies tend to apply CSR more extensively, or whether businesses oriented to other business have a tendency to incorporate CSR into their management patterns to a higher degree. Moreover, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, in her 7 June, 2002 speech, recognized the importance of Chinese-Filipinos in helping improve the Philippine economy, and yet, not much research had been done on this sub-sector. Thus, this paper focuses on the effect of finn size and finn activities on the social responsibility practices of selected 30 micro, small and medium-sized enterprises （MSMEs） in Metro Manila which are owned by Chinese-Filipinos. Survey questionnaires and interview were used for gathering data, while a correlations test was used to analyze the data and to conclude whether finn size and finn activities have an effect on the sampled companies＇ CSR practices.
