生物软组织是一种具有非线性(nonlinearity)、各向异性(anisotropy)、近似不可压缩性(quasi-incompressibility)、黏弹性(viscoelasticity)等特性的弹性体材料,对于人体软组织实时形变行为的建模与仿真是当前虚拟手术仿真系统(virtual s...生物软组织是一种具有非线性(nonlinearity)、各向异性(anisotropy)、近似不可压缩性(quasi-incompressibility)、黏弹性(viscoelasticity)等特性的弹性体材料,对于人体软组织实时形变行为的建模与仿真是当前虚拟手术仿真系统(virtual surgery simulation)研究中的难点和热点之一。本文就目前虚拟手术系统中描述软组织实时形变模型(deformable models)的研究现状进行了分析与总结,并就未来的发展方向进行展望。展开更多
The biomechanical relationship between the articular cartilage defect and knee osteoarthritis (OA) has not been clearly defined. This study presents a 3D knee finite element model (FEM) to determine the effect of cart...The biomechanical relationship between the articular cartilage defect and knee osteoarthritis (OA) has not been clearly defined. This study presents a 3D knee finite element model (FEM) to determine the effect of cartilage defects on the stress distribution around the defect rim. The complete knee FEM, which includes bones, articular cartilages, menisci and ligaments, is developed from computed tomography and magnetic resonance images. This FEM then is validated and used to simulate femoral cartilage defects. Based on the obtained results, it is confirmed that the 3D knee FEM is reconstructed with high-fidelity level and can faithfully predict the knee contact behavior. Cartilage defects drastically affect the stress distribution on articular cartilages. When the defect size was smaller than 1.00cm2, the stress elevation and redistribution were found undistinguishable. However, significant stress elevation and redistribution were detected due to the large defect sizes ( 1.00cm2). This alteration of stress distribution has important implications relating to the progression of cartilage defect to OA in the human knee joint.展开更多
文摘生物软组织是一种具有非线性(nonlinearity)、各向异性(anisotropy)、近似不可压缩性(quasi-incompressibility)、黏弹性(viscoelasticity)等特性的弹性体材料,对于人体软组织实时形变行为的建模与仿真是当前虚拟手术仿真系统(virtual surgery simulation)研究中的难点和热点之一。本文就目前虚拟手术系统中描述软组织实时形变模型(deformable models)的研究现状进行了分析与总结,并就未来的发展方向进行展望。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81071235)the Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Fund of Shanghai Jiaotong University (No. YG2010MS26)
文摘The biomechanical relationship between the articular cartilage defect and knee osteoarthritis (OA) has not been clearly defined. This study presents a 3D knee finite element model (FEM) to determine the effect of cartilage defects on the stress distribution around the defect rim. The complete knee FEM, which includes bones, articular cartilages, menisci and ligaments, is developed from computed tomography and magnetic resonance images. This FEM then is validated and used to simulate femoral cartilage defects. Based on the obtained results, it is confirmed that the 3D knee FEM is reconstructed with high-fidelity level and can faithfully predict the knee contact behavior. Cartilage defects drastically affect the stress distribution on articular cartilages. When the defect size was smaller than 1.00cm2, the stress elevation and redistribution were found undistinguishable. However, significant stress elevation and redistribution were detected due to the large defect sizes ( 1.00cm2). This alteration of stress distribution has important implications relating to the progression of cartilage defect to OA in the human knee joint.
