A combination of traditional fish sampling methods(hand-line and gill net) and modern hydroacoustic techniques were used to study fish community structure,distribution,and diel movements of fish on Zhubi Reef to enhan...A combination of traditional fish sampling methods(hand-line and gill net) and modern hydroacoustic techniques were used to study fish community structure,distribution,and diel movements of fish on Zhubi Reef to enhance understanding of the ecosystem.We collected 126 individuals from 29 species,20 genera,17 families,three orders,and two classes using traditional gear.Perciforms were the dominant group in terms of species richness and biomass.The acoustic data indicated that very small(target strength[TS],dB) <-60 dB) and small(-60 dB≤TS<-45 dB) fish contributed the most to abundance and species richness on the coral reef,and that the proportion of medium-sized(-45 dB≤TS<-35 dB) and largesized(-35 dB≤TS) fish increased gradually as depth increased.The single-target detection method revealed two distinct size classes during the day in the 12-16 and 16-20-m layers.One group consisted of very smallsized fish(TS<-60 dB) and the other consisted of medium and large-sized fish(TS>-55 dB).The number of single-target detections was significantly higher during the night than during the day(P<0.05).The singletarget TS frequency distribution during the day was significantly different than during the night at depths of4-8,8-12,12-16,and 16-20 m.Significant differences were observed among the 4-8,8-12,12-16,and16-20-m-depth layers during day and night.Diel vertical movement was evidenced as fish began to spread and move upward just before sunset and began to assemble and descend shortly(15 min) after sunrise.展开更多
本文概述了淡水鱼虾常见的细菌性疾病,包括细菌性败血症、细菌性肠炎、细菌性烂鳃、链球菌病、迟缓爱德华氏菌病、鮰类肠败血症、诺卡氏菌病、急性肝胰腺坏死病和螺原体病等,并对近年来国内外主要淡水养殖细菌性病害检测方法的研究情况...本文概述了淡水鱼虾常见的细菌性疾病,包括细菌性败血症、细菌性肠炎、细菌性烂鳃、链球菌病、迟缓爱德华氏菌病、鮰类肠败血症、诺卡氏菌病、急性肝胰腺坏死病和螺原体病等,并对近年来国内外主要淡水养殖细菌性病害检测方法的研究情况进行综述,包括基于病原菌生理生化特征的检测方法、基于分子生物学技术的检测方法(如常规定性PCR检测方法、实时定量PCR技术、环介导等温扩增技术、16S r RNA检测技术、核酸探针杂交法和基因芯片技术等),以及基于免疫学相关技术的检测方法(如免疫酶技术、免疫荧光技术、胶体金免疫层析技术和抗体芯片技术等),提示在防控方面应该注重监测预警、免疫、药物、生态和综合防控等技术。本文为淡水养殖细菌性病害的诊断、检测方法的标准化及推动相应检测产品的商品化提供了参考。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program(No.2013BAD13B06)the Financial Project of the Ministry of Agriculture(No.NFZX2013)+1 种基金the Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(Nos.2014TS18,2013ZD03)the National Agricultural Finance Project "South China Sea Fishing Information Dynamic Acquisition"
文摘A combination of traditional fish sampling methods(hand-line and gill net) and modern hydroacoustic techniques were used to study fish community structure,distribution,and diel movements of fish on Zhubi Reef to enhance understanding of the ecosystem.We collected 126 individuals from 29 species,20 genera,17 families,three orders,and two classes using traditional gear.Perciforms were the dominant group in terms of species richness and biomass.The acoustic data indicated that very small(target strength[TS],dB) <-60 dB) and small(-60 dB≤TS<-45 dB) fish contributed the most to abundance and species richness on the coral reef,and that the proportion of medium-sized(-45 dB≤TS<-35 dB) and largesized(-35 dB≤TS) fish increased gradually as depth increased.The single-target detection method revealed two distinct size classes during the day in the 12-16 and 16-20-m layers.One group consisted of very smallsized fish(TS<-60 dB) and the other consisted of medium and large-sized fish(TS>-55 dB).The number of single-target detections was significantly higher during the night than during the day(P<0.05).The singletarget TS frequency distribution during the day was significantly different than during the night at depths of4-8,8-12,12-16,and 16-20 m.Significant differences were observed among the 4-8,8-12,12-16,and16-20-m-depth layers during day and night.Diel vertical movement was evidenced as fish began to spread and move upward just before sunset and began to assemble and descend shortly(15 min) after sunrise.
文摘本文概述了淡水鱼虾常见的细菌性疾病,包括细菌性败血症、细菌性肠炎、细菌性烂鳃、链球菌病、迟缓爱德华氏菌病、鮰类肠败血症、诺卡氏菌病、急性肝胰腺坏死病和螺原体病等,并对近年来国内外主要淡水养殖细菌性病害检测方法的研究情况进行综述,包括基于病原菌生理生化特征的检测方法、基于分子生物学技术的检测方法(如常规定性PCR检测方法、实时定量PCR技术、环介导等温扩增技术、16S r RNA检测技术、核酸探针杂交法和基因芯片技术等),以及基于免疫学相关技术的检测方法(如免疫酶技术、免疫荧光技术、胶体金免疫层析技术和抗体芯片技术等),提示在防控方面应该注重监测预警、免疫、药物、生态和综合防控等技术。本文为淡水养殖细菌性病害的诊断、检测方法的标准化及推动相应检测产品的商品化提供了参考。
