对于具有尖楔前体的高超声速飞行器,特别是某些验证超燃发动机项目的飞行器,仅仅依靠惯性导航系统(Inertial Navigation System,INS)得到的攻角不能满足其精度要求.嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)通过在...对于具有尖楔前体的高超声速飞行器,特别是某些验证超燃发动机项目的飞行器,仅仅依靠惯性导航系统(Inertial Navigation System,INS)得到的攻角不能满足其精度要求.嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)通过在飞行器表面特定区域布置测压孔测量来流压力,根据建立的气动模型反推得到飞行参数(攻角、侧滑角、马赫数、静压及动压等).对于FADS/INS组合系统,本文首次提出了采用切楔斜激波理论建立其气动理论模型,攻角经过校准后精度较高(误差小于0.1°);对于FADS系统,运用二维区及三维区理论建立其气动理论模型,马赫数误差在5%左右.验证结果表明FADS系统在具有尖楔前体的高超声速飞行器上应用前景广阔.展开更多
基于缩比为1/7的F-14全机模型在马赫数Ma=0.73,0.90,1.05,1.20,1.39,迎角α=-4°~20°,侧滑角β=-8°~8°时的风洞测压试验数据,对钝头机体用嵌入式大气数据传感系统（Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS）的3个校准...基于缩比为1/7的F-14全机模型在马赫数Ma=0.73,0.90,1.05,1.20,1.39,迎角α=-4°~20°,侧滑角β=-8°~8°时的风洞测压试验数据,对钝头机体用嵌入式大气数据传感系统（Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS）的3个校准参数上洗角、侧洗角及形压系数进行了校准。结果表明,基于三点式算法的不同测压点选择方案对上洗角及侧洗角的影响较大,与驻点测压孔呈对称配置的测压点校准效果较好,且上洗角与侧洗角的校准是相互独立的。而形压系数的校准与马赫数及有效迎角、有效侧滑角相关,随着马赫数的增加,形压系数数值上趋近于0。展开更多
对用于尖楔前体飞行器的嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)的不同攻角求解方案(FADS-α)的精度进行研究.对比分析了某尖楔前体飞行器FADS系统的三种攻角实现方案的精度及可行性:(1)将尖楔前缘作为小钝头处理...对用于尖楔前体飞行器的嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)的不同攻角求解方案(FADS-α)的精度进行研究.对比分析了某尖楔前体飞行器FADS系统的三种攻角实现方案的精度及可行性:(1)将尖楔前缘作为小钝头处理,采用经典的三点式算法建立FADS系统的攻角求解方法;(2)基于压缩波-压缩波理论及膨胀波-压缩波理论建立了FADS系统的理论模型,并发展了相关的迭代算法验证模型的精度及可靠性,建立了FADS系统的攻角实现方案;(3)利用BP神经网络代替FADS系统空气动力学模型的方法,建立了FADS系统的攻角实现方案.针对尖楔前体飞行器FADS系统的特点,设计了一个具有双隐含层的神经网络模型,并对模型的精度进行了验证.结果表明,3种求解方案精度都能满足实际需求.但是方案(1)工程实现困难,方案(2),(3)建立的针对尖楔前体飞行器的FADS系统的求解方案易于实现,且方案(2)的精度优于方案(3).展开更多
Some management concepts come and go,some become classics.Management Fashion Theory provides insights of how management fashions can be distinguished and recognized.This article illustrates the characteristic features...Some management concepts come and go,some become classics.Management Fashion Theory provides insights of how management fashions can be distinguished and recognized.This article illustrates the characteristic features of the theory using the example of the concept of“New Work”.展开更多
Hypersonic vehicles suffer from extreme aerodynamic heating during flights, especially around the area of leading edge due to its small curvature. Therefore, flush air data sensing(FADS) system has been developed to p...Hypersonic vehicles suffer from extreme aerodynamic heating during flights, especially around the area of leading edge due to its small curvature. Therefore, flush air data sensing(FADS) system has been developed to perform accurate measurement of the air data parameters. In the present study, the method to develop the FADS algorithms with fail-operational capability for a sharp-nosed hypersonic vehicle is provided. To be specific, the FADS system implemented with 16 airframe-integrated pressure ports is used as a case study. Numerical simulations of different freestream conditions have been conducted to generate the database for the FADS targeting in 2 ≤ Ma ≤ 5 and 0 km ≤ H ≤ 30 km. Four groups of neural network algorithms have been developed based on four different pressure port configurations, and the accuracy has been validated by 280 groups of simulations. Particularly, the algorithms based on the 16-port configuration show an excellent ability to serve as the main solver of the FADS, where 99. 5% of the angle-of-attack estimations are within the error band ±0. 2°. The accuracy of the algorithms is discussed in terms of port configuration. Furthermore, diagnosis of the system health is present in the paper. A fault-tolerant FADS system architecture has been designed, which is capable of continuously sensing the air data in the case that multi-port failure occurs, with a reduction in the system accuracy.展开更多
对人工神经网络算法在尖楔前体飞行器用嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)中的应用进行了探讨。针对该FADS系统存在的建模困难及解算精度低的问题,采用BP神经网络算法代替传统的空气动力学模型,通过合理选择...对人工神经网络算法在尖楔前体飞行器用嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)中的应用进行了探讨。针对该FADS系统存在的建模困难及解算精度低的问题,采用BP神经网络算法代替传统的空气动力学模型,通过合理选择网络结构参数及训练验证,分别建立了FADS系统的含有单隐含层的三层网络模型及含有双隐含层的四层网络模型,对攻角、侧滑角、自由来流静压及马赫数等参数进行求解。数值仿真结果表明,建立的用于尖楔前体飞行器的FADS系统的神经网络算法求解精度较高,且含有双隐含层的网络模型精度优于单隐含层的模型精度。展开更多
Marine fisheries in Kenya mainly comprise of the artisanal fishermen who use non-motorized boats. Competition of these dwindling resources has led to overfishing and degradation of coral reef ecosystems. One of the me...Marine fisheries in Kenya mainly comprise of the artisanal fishermen who use non-motorized boats. Competition of these dwindling resources has led to overfishing and degradation of coral reef ecosystems. One of the methods which have been used to enhance sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources is the use of Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs). The study was conducted in two areas along the Kenyan coast which are: Msambweni in the southern part and Kuruwitu (Vipingo) in the northern part of the Kenyan coast. A combination of systematic site surveys: structured and semi structured interviews with key informants (community leaders and resource users);participant observations;descriptions of daily and seasonal time use;and analyses of secondary sources, such as fisheries records, was used to gather information and triangulate results. The perception of the community about FADs was determined by conducting a socio-economic survey before and after deploying FADs. Colonization and biomass survey around the deployed FADs was undertaken and fish associated with FADs was recorded. Results indicate that nine families of fish aggregated around FADs and at different distances. Catch and effort at FADs have been evaluated by monitoring catch data from fishers on daily basis after deployments.展开更多
文摘对于具有尖楔前体的高超声速飞行器,特别是某些验证超燃发动机项目的飞行器,仅仅依靠惯性导航系统(Inertial Navigation System,INS)得到的攻角不能满足其精度要求.嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)通过在飞行器表面特定区域布置测压孔测量来流压力,根据建立的气动模型反推得到飞行参数(攻角、侧滑角、马赫数、静压及动压等).对于FADS/INS组合系统,本文首次提出了采用切楔斜激波理论建立其气动理论模型,攻角经过校准后精度较高(误差小于0.1°);对于FADS系统,运用二维区及三维区理论建立其气动理论模型,马赫数误差在5%左右.验证结果表明FADS系统在具有尖楔前体的高超声速飞行器上应用前景广阔.
文摘基于缩比为1/7的F-14全机模型在马赫数Ma=0.73,0.90,1.05,1.20,1.39,迎角α=-4°~20°,侧滑角β=-8°~8°时的风洞测压试验数据,对钝头机体用嵌入式大气数据传感系统（Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS）的3个校准参数上洗角、侧洗角及形压系数进行了校准。结果表明,基于三点式算法的不同测压点选择方案对上洗角及侧洗角的影响较大,与驻点测压孔呈对称配置的测压点校准效果较好,且上洗角与侧洗角的校准是相互独立的。而形压系数的校准与马赫数及有效迎角、有效侧滑角相关,随着马赫数的增加,形压系数数值上趋近于0。
文摘对用于尖楔前体飞行器的嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)的不同攻角求解方案(FADS-α)的精度进行研究.对比分析了某尖楔前体飞行器FADS系统的三种攻角实现方案的精度及可行性:(1)将尖楔前缘作为小钝头处理,采用经典的三点式算法建立FADS系统的攻角求解方法;(2)基于压缩波-压缩波理论及膨胀波-压缩波理论建立了FADS系统的理论模型,并发展了相关的迭代算法验证模型的精度及可靠性,建立了FADS系统的攻角实现方案;(3)利用BP神经网络代替FADS系统空气动力学模型的方法,建立了FADS系统的攻角实现方案.针对尖楔前体飞行器FADS系统的特点,设计了一个具有双隐含层的神经网络模型,并对模型的精度进行了验证.结果表明,3种求解方案精度都能满足实际需求.但是方案(1)工程实现困难,方案(2),(3)建立的针对尖楔前体飞行器的FADS系统的求解方案易于实现,且方案(2)的精度优于方案(3).
文摘Some management concepts come and go,some become classics.Management Fashion Theory provides insights of how management fashions can be distinguished and recognized.This article illustrates the characteristic features of the theory using the example of the concept of“New Work”.
文摘Hypersonic vehicles suffer from extreme aerodynamic heating during flights, especially around the area of leading edge due to its small curvature. Therefore, flush air data sensing(FADS) system has been developed to perform accurate measurement of the air data parameters. In the present study, the method to develop the FADS algorithms with fail-operational capability for a sharp-nosed hypersonic vehicle is provided. To be specific, the FADS system implemented with 16 airframe-integrated pressure ports is used as a case study. Numerical simulations of different freestream conditions have been conducted to generate the database for the FADS targeting in 2 ≤ Ma ≤ 5 and 0 km ≤ H ≤ 30 km. Four groups of neural network algorithms have been developed based on four different pressure port configurations, and the accuracy has been validated by 280 groups of simulations. Particularly, the algorithms based on the 16-port configuration show an excellent ability to serve as the main solver of the FADS, where 99. 5% of the angle-of-attack estimations are within the error band ±0. 2°. The accuracy of the algorithms is discussed in terms of port configuration. Furthermore, diagnosis of the system health is present in the paper. A fault-tolerant FADS system architecture has been designed, which is capable of continuously sensing the air data in the case that multi-port failure occurs, with a reduction in the system accuracy.
文摘对人工神经网络算法在尖楔前体飞行器用嵌入式大气数据传感系统(Flush Air Data Sensing System,FADS)中的应用进行了探讨。针对该FADS系统存在的建模困难及解算精度低的问题,采用BP神经网络算法代替传统的空气动力学模型,通过合理选择网络结构参数及训练验证,分别建立了FADS系统的含有单隐含层的三层网络模型及含有双隐含层的四层网络模型,对攻角、侧滑角、自由来流静压及马赫数等参数进行求解。数值仿真结果表明,建立的用于尖楔前体飞行器的FADS系统的神经网络算法求解精度较高,且含有双隐含层的网络模型精度优于单隐含层的模型精度。
文摘Marine fisheries in Kenya mainly comprise of the artisanal fishermen who use non-motorized boats. Competition of these dwindling resources has led to overfishing and degradation of coral reef ecosystems. One of the methods which have been used to enhance sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources is the use of Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs). The study was conducted in two areas along the Kenyan coast which are: Msambweni in the southern part and Kuruwitu (Vipingo) in the northern part of the Kenyan coast. A combination of systematic site surveys: structured and semi structured interviews with key informants (community leaders and resource users);participant observations;descriptions of daily and seasonal time use;and analyses of secondary sources, such as fisheries records, was used to gather information and triangulate results. The perception of the community about FADs was determined by conducting a socio-economic survey before and after deploying FADs. Colonization and biomass survey around the deployed FADs was undertaken and fish associated with FADs was recorded. Results indicate that nine families of fish aggregated around FADs and at different distances. Catch and effort at FADs have been evaluated by monitoring catch data from fishers on daily basis after deployments.
