AIM:To evaluate the effects of percutaneous ozone injection via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint in the treatment of large lumbar disc herniation.METHODS:Fifty-eight patients with large ...AIM:To evaluate the effects of percutaneous ozone injection via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint in the treatment of large lumbar disc herniation.METHODS:Fifty-eight patients with large lumbar disc herniation were treated with percutaneous injection of ozone via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint under digital subtraction angiography.Second injections were performed 5 d after the initial injection.All patients were followed up for 6-18 mo.A modified Macnab method was used for assessing clinical outcomes after oxygen-ozone therapy.RESULTS:Successful puncture was obtained in all patients.The overall efficacy was 91.4;the outcome was the excellent in 37 cases(63.8),good in 16 cases(27.6) and fair/poor in 5 cases(8.6) according to the Macnab criteria.No severe complications were found throughout this study.CONCLUSION:Percutaneous intradiscal ozone injection via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint is effective and safe for treatment of large lumbar disc herniation.展开更多
Tailored synthesis of well-defined anatase TiO2-based crystals with exposed {001} facets has stimulated incessant research interest worldwide due to their scientific and technological importance. Herein, anatase nitro...Tailored synthesis of well-defined anatase TiO2-based crystals with exposed {001} facets has stimulated incessant research interest worldwide due to their scientific and technological importance. Herein, anatase nitrogen-doped TiO2 （N-TiO2） nanoparticles with exposed {001} facets deposited on the graphene （GR） sheets （N-TiO2-001/GR） were synthesized for the first time via a one-step solvothermal synthetic route using NH4F as the morphology-controlling agent. The experimental results exemplified that GR was uniformly covered with anatase N-TiO2 nanoparticles （10-17 nm）, exposing the {001} facets. The percentage of exposed {001} facets in the N-TiO2-001/GR nanocomposites was calculated to be ca. 35%. Also, a red shift in the absorption edge and a strong absorption in the visible light range were observed due to the formation of Ti-O-C bonds, resulting in the successful narrowing of the band gap from 3.23 to 2.9 eV. The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared photocatalysts were evaluated for CO2 reduction to produce CH, in the presence of water vapor under ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure using a low-power 15 W energy-saving daylight lamp as the visible light source--in contrast to the most commonly employed high-power xenon lamps--which rendered the process economically and practically feasible. Among all the studied photocatalysts, the N-TiO2-001/GR nanocomposites exhibited the greatest CH4 yield of 3.70 p-mol＇gcatalyst 1, approxi- mately 11-fold higher activity than the TiO2-001. The enhancement of photocatalyfic performance was ascribed to the effective charge anti-recombination of graphene, high absorption of visible light region relative to the {101} facets. and high catalytic activity of {001} facets展开更多
AIM: To investigate the diagnostic validity and therapeutic value of lumbar facet joint interventions in managing chronic low back pain.METHODS: The review process applied systematic evidence-based assessment methodol...AIM: To investigate the diagnostic validity and therapeutic value of lumbar facet joint interventions in managing chronic low back pain.METHODS: The review process applied systematic evidence-based assessment methodology of controlled trials of diagnostic validity and randomized controlled trials of therapeutic efficacy. Inclusion criteria encompassed all facet joint interventions performed in a controlled fashion. The pain relief of greater than 50% was the outcome measure for diagnostic accuracy assessment of the controlled studies with ability to perform previously painful movements, whereas, for randomized controlled therapeutic efficacy studies, the primary outcome was significant pain relief and the secondary outcome was a positive change in functional status. For the inclusion of the diagnostic controlled studies, all studies must have utilized either placebo controlled facet joint blocks or comparative local anesthetic blocks. In assessing therapeutic interventions, short-term and long-term reliefs were defined as either up to 6 mo or greater than 6 mo of relief. The literature search was extensive utilizing various types of electronic search media including Pub Med from 1966 onwards, Cochrane library, National Guideline Clearinghouse, clinicaltrials.gov, along with other sources includingprevious systematic reviews, non-indexed journals, and abstracts until March 2015. Each manuscript included in the assessment was assessed for methodologic quality or risk of bias assessment utilizing the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies checklist for diagnostic interventions, and Cochrane review criteria and the Interventional Pain Management Techniques- Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for therapeutic interventions. Evidence based on the review of the systematic assessment of controlled studies was graded utilizing a modified schema of qualitative evidence with best evidence synthesis, variable from level Ⅰ to level Ⅴ.RESULTS: Across all databases, 16 high quality diagnostic展开更多
Background Percutaneous pedicle screw use has a high rate of cranial facet joint violations （FVs） because of the facet joint being indirectly visualized.Computer-assisted navigation shows the anatomic structures cle...Background Percutaneous pedicle screw use has a high rate of cranial facet joint violations （FVs） because of the facet joint being indirectly visualized.Computer-assisted navigation shows the anatomic structures clearly,and may help to lower the rate of FVs during pedicle screw insertion.This study used computed tomography （CT） to evaluate and compare the incidence of FVs between percutaneous and open surgeries employing computer-assisted navigation for the implantation of pedicle screw instrumentation during lumbar fusions.Methods A prospective study,including 142 patients having lumbar and lumbosacral fusion,was conducted between January 2013 and April 2014.All patients had bilateral posterior pedicle screw-rod instrumentation （top-loading screws） implanted by the same group of surgeons; intraoperative 3-dimensional computer navigation was used during the procedures.All patients underwent CT examinations within 6 months postoperation.The CT scans were independently reviewed by three reviewers blinded to the technique used.Results The cohort comprised 68 percutaneous and 74 open cases （136 and 148 superior-level pedicle screw placements,respectively）.Overall,superior-level FVs occurred in 20 patients （20/142,14.1％）,involving 27 top screws （27/284,9.5％）.The percutaneous technique （7.4％ of patients,3.7％ of top screws） had a significantly lower violation rate than the open procedure （20.3％ of patients,14.9％ of top screws）.The open group also had significantly more serious violations than did the percutaneous group.Both groups had a higher violation rate when the cranial fixation involved the L5.A 1-level open procedure had a higher violation rate than did the 2-and 3-level surgeries.Conclusions With computer-assisted navigation,the placement of top-loading percutaneous screws carries a lower risk of adjacent-FVs than does the open technique; when FVs occur,they tend to be less serious.Performing a single-level open lumbar fusion,or the fusion of the L5-S1 segment,requires展开更多
The fatigue properties of nickel-base Alloy 718 with fine- and grain-coarse grains were investigated. In the fine-grain alloy, the fatigue strength normalized by the tensile strength was 0.51 at 107 cycles. In contras...The fatigue properties of nickel-base Alloy 718 with fine- and grain-coarse grains were investigated. In the fine-grain alloy, the fatigue strength normalized by the tensile strength was 0.51 at 107 cycles. In contrast, the fatigue strength of the coarse-grain alloy was 0.32 at the same cycles, although the fatigue strengths in the range from 103 to 105 cycles are the same for both alloys. The fracture appearances fatigued at around 106 cycles showed internal fractures originating from the flat facets of austenite grains for both alloys. The difference in fatigue strength at 107 cycles between the fine- and coarse-grain alloys could be explained in terms of the sizes of the facets from which the fractures originated.展开更多
The electrocatalytic water splitting technology can generate highpurity hydrogen without emitting carbon dioxide,which is in favor of relieving environmental pollution and energy crisis and achieving carbon neutrality...The electrocatalytic water splitting technology can generate highpurity hydrogen without emitting carbon dioxide,which is in favor of relieving environmental pollution and energy crisis and achieving carbon neutrality.Electrocatalysts can effectively reduce the reaction energy barrier and increase the reaction efficiency.Facet engineering is considered as a promising strategy in controlling the ratio of desired crystal planes on the surface.Owing to the anisotropy,crystal planes with different orientations usually feature facet-dependent physical and chemical properties,leading to differences in the adsorption energies of oxygen or hydrogen intermediates,and thus exhibit varied electrocatalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).In this review,a brief introduction of the basic concepts,fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms as well as key evaluating parameters for both HER and OER are provided.The formation mechanisms of the crystal facets are comprehensively overviewed aiming to give scientific theory guides to realize dominant crystal planes.Subsequently,three strategies of selective capping agent,selective etching agent,and coordination modulation to tune crystal planes are comprehensively summarized.Then,we present an overview of significant contributions of facet-engineered catalysts toward HER,OER,and overall water splitting.In particular,we highlight that density functional theory calculations play an indispensable role in unveiling the structure–activity correlation between the crystal plane and catalytic activity.Finally,the remaining challenges in facet-engineered catalysts for HER and OER are provided and future prospects for designing advanced facet-engineered electrocatalysts are discussed.展开更多
Purpose:To assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of coronoid process fractures surgically managed with buttress plate fixation via a medial approach.Methods:A retrospective review of all coronoid fractures sur...Purpose:To assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of coronoid process fractures surgically managed with buttress plate fixation via a medial approach.Methods:A retrospective review of all coronoid fractures surgically fixed in our institution using a buttress plate technique via a medial approach between June 2012 and April 2015 by the senior author was performed.These fractures were all sizeable fractures contributing to persistent elbow instability in terrible triad or varus posteromedial rotatory instability injury patterns.A prospective telephone questionnaire was conducted to assess patient outcomes using the disabilities of the arm,shoulder and hand(DASH)score and Mayo hlbow performance score(MEPS).Results:Twelve patients were included in the study,comprising 10 males and 2 females with an average age of 39 years(range,19-72 years).Mean follow-up was 16 months(range.4-18 months).The average time to radiographic union was 4 months(range.3-7 months).Range of motion measurements at final follow-up were obtained in 11 out of 12 patients,with one patient defaulting follow-up.All 11 patients displayed a functional elbow range of motion of at least 30°-130°.with an average arc of motion of 130°(range.110°-140°).mean elbow flexion of 134°(range.110°-140°)and mean flexion contracture of 3°(range.0°-20°).The mean DASH score was 16(range.2.5-43.8)and the mean MEPS was 75(range.65-100).Complications observed included one patient with a superfic ial wound infection which resolved with a course of oral antibiotics and one patient with radiographic evidence of heterotopic ossification which was conservatively managed.No residual elbow instability was observed and no reoperations were performed.Conclusion:Buttress plate fixation via a medial approach of coronoid process fractures that contribute to persistent elbow instability represents a reliable method of treatment that produces satisfactory and predictable outcomes.展开更多
ZnFe2O4-BiOC1 composites were prepared by both hydrothermal and direct precipitation processes and the structures and properties of the samples were characterized by various instrumental techniques. The samples were t...ZnFe2O4-BiOC1 composites were prepared by both hydrothermal and direct precipitation processes and the structures and properties of the samples were characterized by various instrumental techniques. The samples were then used as catalysts for the photocatalytic reduction of CQ in cyclohexanol under ultraviolet irradiation to give cyclohexanone （CH） and cyclohexyl formate （CF）. The photocatalytic CO2 reduction activities over the hydrothermally prepared ZnFeaO4-BiOCl composites were higher than those over the directly-precipitated composites. This is because compared to the direct-precipitation sample, the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles in the hydrothermal sample were smaller and more uniformly distributed on the surface of BiOCl and so more heterojunctions were formed. Higher CF and CH yields were obtained for the pure BiOCl and BiOCl composite samples with more exposed （001） facets than for the samples with more exposed （010） facets. This is due to the higher density of oxygen atoms in the exposed （001） facets, which creates more oxygen vacancies, and thereby improves the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs. More importantly, irradiation of the （001） facets with ultraviolet light produces photo-generated electrons which is helpful for the reduction of CO2 to -CO2^-. The mechanism for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 in cyclohexanol over ZnFe204-BiOCl composites with exposed （001） facets involves electron transfer and carbon radical formation.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30670612
文摘AIM:To evaluate the effects of percutaneous ozone injection via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint in the treatment of large lumbar disc herniation.METHODS:Fifty-eight patients with large lumbar disc herniation were treated with percutaneous injection of ozone via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint under digital subtraction angiography.Second injections were performed 5 d after the initial injection.All patients were followed up for 6-18 mo.A modified Macnab method was used for assessing clinical outcomes after oxygen-ozone therapy.RESULTS:Successful puncture was obtained in all patients.The overall efficacy was 91.4;the outcome was the excellent in 37 cases(63.8),good in 16 cases(27.6) and fair/poor in 5 cases(8.6) according to the Macnab criteria.No severe complications were found throughout this study.CONCLUSION:Percutaneous intradiscal ozone injection via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint is effective and safe for treatment of large lumbar disc herniation.
文摘Tailored synthesis of well-defined anatase TiO2-based crystals with exposed {001} facets has stimulated incessant research interest worldwide due to their scientific and technological importance. Herein, anatase nitrogen-doped TiO2 （N-TiO2） nanoparticles with exposed {001} facets deposited on the graphene （GR） sheets （N-TiO2-001/GR） were synthesized for the first time via a one-step solvothermal synthetic route using NH4F as the morphology-controlling agent. The experimental results exemplified that GR was uniformly covered with anatase N-TiO2 nanoparticles （10-17 nm）, exposing the {001} facets. The percentage of exposed {001} facets in the N-TiO2-001/GR nanocomposites was calculated to be ca. 35%. Also, a red shift in the absorption edge and a strong absorption in the visible light range were observed due to the formation of Ti-O-C bonds, resulting in the successful narrowing of the band gap from 3.23 to 2.9 eV. The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared photocatalysts were evaluated for CO2 reduction to produce CH, in the presence of water vapor under ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure using a low-power 15 W energy-saving daylight lamp as the visible light source--in contrast to the most commonly employed high-power xenon lamps--which rendered the process economically and practically feasible. Among all the studied photocatalysts, the N-TiO2-001/GR nanocomposites exhibited the greatest CH4 yield of 3.70 p-mol＇gcatalyst 1, approxi- mately 11-fold higher activity than the TiO2-001. The enhancement of photocatalyfic performance was ascribed to the effective charge anti-recombination of graphene, high absorption of visible light region relative to the {101} facets. and high catalytic activity of {001} facets
文摘AIM: To investigate the diagnostic validity and therapeutic value of lumbar facet joint interventions in managing chronic low back pain.METHODS: The review process applied systematic evidence-based assessment methodology of controlled trials of diagnostic validity and randomized controlled trials of therapeutic efficacy. Inclusion criteria encompassed all facet joint interventions performed in a controlled fashion. The pain relief of greater than 50% was the outcome measure for diagnostic accuracy assessment of the controlled studies with ability to perform previously painful movements, whereas, for randomized controlled therapeutic efficacy studies, the primary outcome was significant pain relief and the secondary outcome was a positive change in functional status. For the inclusion of the diagnostic controlled studies, all studies must have utilized either placebo controlled facet joint blocks or comparative local anesthetic blocks. In assessing therapeutic interventions, short-term and long-term reliefs were defined as either up to 6 mo or greater than 6 mo of relief. The literature search was extensive utilizing various types of electronic search media including Pub Med from 1966 onwards, Cochrane library, National Guideline Clearinghouse, clinicaltrials.gov, along with other sources includingprevious systematic reviews, non-indexed journals, and abstracts until March 2015. Each manuscript included in the assessment was assessed for methodologic quality or risk of bias assessment utilizing the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies checklist for diagnostic interventions, and Cochrane review criteria and the Interventional Pain Management Techniques- Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for therapeutic interventions. Evidence based on the review of the systematic assessment of controlled studies was graded utilizing a modified schema of qualitative evidence with best evidence synthesis, variable from level Ⅰ to level Ⅴ.RESULTS: Across all databases, 16 high quality diagnostic
文摘Background Percutaneous pedicle screw use has a high rate of cranial facet joint violations （FVs） because of the facet joint being indirectly visualized.Computer-assisted navigation shows the anatomic structures clearly,and may help to lower the rate of FVs during pedicle screw insertion.This study used computed tomography （CT） to evaluate and compare the incidence of FVs between percutaneous and open surgeries employing computer-assisted navigation for the implantation of pedicle screw instrumentation during lumbar fusions.Methods A prospective study,including 142 patients having lumbar and lumbosacral fusion,was conducted between January 2013 and April 2014.All patients had bilateral posterior pedicle screw-rod instrumentation （top-loading screws） implanted by the same group of surgeons; intraoperative 3-dimensional computer navigation was used during the procedures.All patients underwent CT examinations within 6 months postoperation.The CT scans were independently reviewed by three reviewers blinded to the technique used.Results The cohort comprised 68 percutaneous and 74 open cases （136 and 148 superior-level pedicle screw placements,respectively）.Overall,superior-level FVs occurred in 20 patients （20/142,14.1％）,involving 27 top screws （27/284,9.5％）.The percutaneous technique （7.4％ of patients,3.7％ of top screws） had a significantly lower violation rate than the open procedure （20.3％ of patients,14.9％ of top screws）.The open group also had significantly more serious violations than did the percutaneous group.Both groups had a higher violation rate when the cranial fixation involved the L5.A 1-level open procedure had a higher violation rate than did the 2-and 3-level surgeries.Conclusions With computer-assisted navigation,the placement of top-loading percutaneous screws carries a lower risk of adjacent-FVs than does the open technique; when FVs occur,they tend to be less serious.Performing a single-level open lumbar fusion,or the fusion of the L5-S1 segment,requires
文摘The fatigue properties of nickel-base Alloy 718 with fine- and grain-coarse grains were investigated. In the fine-grain alloy, the fatigue strength normalized by the tensile strength was 0.51 at 107 cycles. In contrast, the fatigue strength of the coarse-grain alloy was 0.32 at the same cycles, although the fatigue strengths in the range from 103 to 105 cycles are the same for both alloys. The fracture appearances fatigued at around 106 cycles showed internal fractures originating from the flat facets of austenite grains for both alloys. The difference in fatigue strength at 107 cycles between the fine- and coarse-grain alloys could be explained in terms of the sizes of the facets from which the fractures originated.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22005147)Dr.You acknowledges the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1600800)+1 种基金the Innovation and Talent Recruitment Base of New Energy Chemistry and Device(B21003)the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage(HUST),Ministry of Education(2021JYBKF03).
文摘The electrocatalytic water splitting technology can generate highpurity hydrogen without emitting carbon dioxide,which is in favor of relieving environmental pollution and energy crisis and achieving carbon neutrality.Electrocatalysts can effectively reduce the reaction energy barrier and increase the reaction efficiency.Facet engineering is considered as a promising strategy in controlling the ratio of desired crystal planes on the surface.Owing to the anisotropy,crystal planes with different orientations usually feature facet-dependent physical and chemical properties,leading to differences in the adsorption energies of oxygen or hydrogen intermediates,and thus exhibit varied electrocatalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).In this review,a brief introduction of the basic concepts,fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms as well as key evaluating parameters for both HER and OER are provided.The formation mechanisms of the crystal facets are comprehensively overviewed aiming to give scientific theory guides to realize dominant crystal planes.Subsequently,three strategies of selective capping agent,selective etching agent,and coordination modulation to tune crystal planes are comprehensively summarized.Then,we present an overview of significant contributions of facet-engineered catalysts toward HER,OER,and overall water splitting.In particular,we highlight that density functional theory calculations play an indispensable role in unveiling the structure–activity correlation between the crystal plane and catalytic activity.Finally,the remaining challenges in facet-engineered catalysts for HER and OER are provided and future prospects for designing advanced facet-engineered electrocatalysts are discussed.
文摘Purpose:To assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of coronoid process fractures surgically managed with buttress plate fixation via a medial approach.Methods:A retrospective review of all coronoid fractures surgically fixed in our institution using a buttress plate technique via a medial approach between June 2012 and April 2015 by the senior author was performed.These fractures were all sizeable fractures contributing to persistent elbow instability in terrible triad or varus posteromedial rotatory instability injury patterns.A prospective telephone questionnaire was conducted to assess patient outcomes using the disabilities of the arm,shoulder and hand(DASH)score and Mayo hlbow performance score(MEPS).Results:Twelve patients were included in the study,comprising 10 males and 2 females with an average age of 39 years(range,19-72 years).Mean follow-up was 16 months(range.4-18 months).The average time to radiographic union was 4 months(range.3-7 months).Range of motion measurements at final follow-up were obtained in 11 out of 12 patients,with one patient defaulting follow-up.All 11 patients displayed a functional elbow range of motion of at least 30°-130°.with an average arc of motion of 130°(range.110°-140°).mean elbow flexion of 134°(range.110°-140°)and mean flexion contracture of 3°(range.0°-20°).The mean DASH score was 16(range.2.5-43.8)and the mean MEPS was 75(range.65-100).Complications observed included one patient with a superfic ial wound infection which resolved with a course of oral antibiotics and one patient with radiographic evidence of heterotopic ossification which was conservatively managed.No residual elbow instability was observed and no reoperations were performed.Conclusion:Buttress plate fixation via a medial approach of coronoid process fractures that contribute to persistent elbow instability represents a reliable method of treatment that produces satisfactory and predictable outcomes.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 21176192）.
文摘ZnFe2O4-BiOC1 composites were prepared by both hydrothermal and direct precipitation processes and the structures and properties of the samples were characterized by various instrumental techniques. The samples were then used as catalysts for the photocatalytic reduction of CQ in cyclohexanol under ultraviolet irradiation to give cyclohexanone （CH） and cyclohexyl formate （CF）. The photocatalytic CO2 reduction activities over the hydrothermally prepared ZnFeaO4-BiOCl composites were higher than those over the directly-precipitated composites. This is because compared to the direct-precipitation sample, the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles in the hydrothermal sample were smaller and more uniformly distributed on the surface of BiOCl and so more heterojunctions were formed. Higher CF and CH yields were obtained for the pure BiOCl and BiOCl composite samples with more exposed （001） facets than for the samples with more exposed （010） facets. This is due to the higher density of oxygen atoms in the exposed （001） facets, which creates more oxygen vacancies, and thereby improves the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs. More importantly, irradiation of the （001） facets with ultraviolet light produces photo-generated electrons which is helpful for the reduction of CO2 to -CO2^-. The mechanism for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 in cyclohexanol over ZnFe204-BiOCl composites with exposed （001） facets involves electron transfer and carbon radical formation.
