The integration of distributed renewable energy sources into the conventional power grid has become a hot research topic, all part of attempts to reduce greenhouse gas emission. There are many distributed renewable en...The integration of distributed renewable energy sources into the conventional power grid has become a hot research topic, all part of attempts to reduce greenhouse gas emission. There are many distributed renewable energy sources available and the network participants in energy delivery have also increased. This makes the management of the new power grid with integrated distributed renewable energy sources extremely complex. Applying the technical advantages of blockchain technology to this complex system to manage peer-to-peer energy sharing, transmission, data storage and build smart contracts between network participants can develop an optimal consensus mechanism within the new power grid. This paper proposes a new framework for the application of blockchain in a decentralised energy network. The microgrid is assumed to be private and managed by local prosumers. An overview description of the proposed model and a case study are presented in the paper.展开更多
Although nanotechnology has been rapidly developed and applied in tumor targeting, the outcome of chemotherapy remains greatly restricted by the toxicity of cytotoxic drugs in normal tissues and cells. Therefore, the ...Although nanotechnology has been rapidly developed and applied in tumor targeting, the outcome of chemotherapy remains greatly restricted by the toxicity of cytotoxic drugs in normal tissues and cells. Therefore, the development of alternative delivery systems, with few side effects in normal cells, has attracted increasing attention. Energy restriction is a novel and promising approach to cancer treatment, which can restrict tumor growth via inhibition of cellular energy metabolism. In this study, a novel tumor targeting system, based on folate-conjugated bovine serum albumin （BSA）, was developed to co-deliver albendazole and nanosilver simultaneously, to restrain the energy metabolism of tumor cells. This nanosystem showed stronger anti-tumor efficacy than those using nanoparticles without folic acid modification, nanosilver, or albendazole, both in vitro and in vivo. This nanosystem depleted cellular ATP via direct inhibition of glycolytic enzymes and mitochondrial damage, resulting in inhibition of proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis of tumor cells. The enhanced anti-tumor activity contributed to the tumor-targeting ability of this system, resulting in specific energy inhibition in tumor cells. Toxicity evaluation was performed to confirm the safety of this system. This nanosystem provides an efficient and safe strate~ for tumor therapy.展开更多
Hollow multishelled structure(HoMS),a promising and complex multifunctional structural system,features at least two shells that are separated by internal voids.The unique structure endows it with numerous advantages i...Hollow multishelled structure(HoMS),a promising and complex multifunctional structural system,features at least two shells that are separated by internal voids.The unique structure endows it with numerous advantages including low density,high loading capacity,large specific surface area,facilitated mass transport,and multiple spatial confinement effect.In the past twenty years,benefiting from the booming development of synthesis methods,various HoMS materials have been prepared and show promising applications in diverse areas.展开更多
Investigating flexibility and stability boosting transmission expansion planning(TEP)methods can increase the renewable energy(RE)consumption of the power systems.In this study,we propose a bi-level TEP method for vol...Investigating flexibility and stability boosting transmission expansion planning(TEP)methods can increase the renewable energy(RE)consumption of the power systems.In this study,we propose a bi-level TEP method for voltage-source-converter-based direct current(VSC-DC),focusing on flexibility and stability enhancement.First,we established the TEP framework of VSC-DC,by introducing the evaluation indices to quantify the power system flexibility and stability.Subsequently,we propose a bi-level VSC-DC TEP model:the upper-level model acquires the optimal VSC-DC planning scheme by using the improved moth flame optimization(IMFO)algorithm,and the lower-level model evaluates the flexibility through time-series production simulation.Finally,we applied the proposedVSC-DC TEPmethod to the modified IEEE-24 and IEEE-39 test systems,and obtained the optimalVSCDC planning schemes.The results verified that the proposed method can achieve excellent RE curtailment with high flexibility and stability.Furthermore,the well-designed IMFO algorithm outperformed the traditional particle swarm optimization(PSO)and moth flame optimization(MFO)algorithms,confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Focused energy delivery(FED) is a technique that can precisely bring energy to the specific region,which arouses wide attention in precision electronic warfare(PREW).This paper first proposes a joint optimization mode...Focused energy delivery(FED) is a technique that can precisely bring energy to the specific region,which arouses wide attention in precision electronic warfare(PREW).This paper first proposes a joint optimization model with respect to the locations of the array and the transmitted signals to improve the performance of FED.As the problem is nonconvex and NP-hard,particle swarm optimization(PSO) is adopted to solve the locations of the array,while designing the transmitted signals under a feasible array is considered as a unimodular quadratic program(UQP) subproblem to calculate the fitness criterion of PSO.In the PSO-UQP framework established,two methods are presented for the UQP subproblem,which are more efficient and more accurate respectively than previous works.Furthermore,a threshold value is set in the framework to determine which method to adopt to take full advantages of the methods above.Meanwhile,we obtain the maximum localization error that FED can tolerate,which is significant for implementing FED in practice.Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the joint optimization algorithm,and the correctness of the maximum localization error derived.展开更多
An active spot beam delivery system for heavy ion therapy has been developed based on the Cooling Storage Ring at HIRFL-CSR, where the pencil carbon-ion beams were scanned within a target volume transversely by a pair...An active spot beam delivery system for heavy ion therapy has been developed based on the Cooling Storage Ring at HIRFL-CSR, where the pencil carbon-ion beams were scanned within a target volume transversely by a pair of orthogonal （horizontal and vertical） dipole magnets to paint the slices of the target volume and longitudinally by active energy variation of the synchrotron slice by slice. The unique techniques such as dose shaping via active energy variation and magnetic deflection constitute a promising three-dimensional conformal even intensity-modulated radiotherapy with heavy ions at HIRFL-CSR. In this paper, the verification of active energy variation and the calibration of steerable beam deflection are shown, as the basic functionality components of the active spot-scanning system. Additionally, based on the capability of creating homogeneous irradiation fields with steerable pencil beams, a radiobiological experiment like cell survival measurement has been performed aiming at comparison of the radiobiological effects under active and passive beam deliveries.展开更多
The antioxidant activity of sesamol derivatives and their drug delivery via fullerene were investigated. Fullerene can interact with sesamol derivatives, and their adsorptions were possible from the energetic viewpoin...The antioxidant activity of sesamol derivatives and their drug delivery via fullerene were investigated. Fullerene can interact with sesamol derivatives, and their adsorptions were possible from the energetic viewpoint. Adding the NH_2 group to sesamol can improve the sensitivity of sesamol toward fullerene surface. The NH_2 and OMe substitutions increase the antioxidant activity of sesamol. The results can also be used to select novel sesamol derivatives with higher antioxidant activity and higher drug delivery ability.展开更多
基金National Reserach Fund of South Africa(NRF),Grant No.:CSRP190311422854/120397.
文摘The integration of distributed renewable energy sources into the conventional power grid has become a hot research topic, all part of attempts to reduce greenhouse gas emission. There are many distributed renewable energy sources available and the network participants in energy delivery have also increased. This makes the management of the new power grid with integrated distributed renewable energy sources extremely complex. Applying the technical advantages of blockchain technology to this complex system to manage peer-to-peer energy sharing, transmission, data storage and build smart contracts between network participants can develop an optimal consensus mechanism within the new power grid. This paper proposes a new framework for the application of blockchain in a decentralised energy network. The microgrid is assumed to be private and managed by local prosumers. An overview description of the proposed model and a case study are presented in the paper.
文摘Although nanotechnology has been rapidly developed and applied in tumor targeting, the outcome of chemotherapy remains greatly restricted by the toxicity of cytotoxic drugs in normal tissues and cells. Therefore, the development of alternative delivery systems, with few side effects in normal cells, has attracted increasing attention. Energy restriction is a novel and promising approach to cancer treatment, which can restrict tumor growth via inhibition of cellular energy metabolism. In this study, a novel tumor targeting system, based on folate-conjugated bovine serum albumin （BSA）, was developed to co-deliver albendazole and nanosilver simultaneously, to restrain the energy metabolism of tumor cells. This nanosystem showed stronger anti-tumor efficacy than those using nanoparticles without folic acid modification, nanosilver, or albendazole, both in vitro and in vivo. This nanosystem depleted cellular ATP via direct inhibition of glycolytic enzymes and mitochondrial damage, resulting in inhibition of proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis of tumor cells. The enhanced anti-tumor activity contributed to the tumor-targeting ability of this system, resulting in specific energy inhibition in tumor cells. Toxicity evaluation was performed to confirm the safety of this system. This nanosystem provides an efficient and safe strate~ for tumor therapy.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21931012,21821005,92163209,52272097,52202354,22293043,52261160573,52072369,and 52301296)the Zhongke-Yuneng Joint R&D Center Program,China(No.ZKYN2022008).
文摘Hollow multishelled structure(HoMS),a promising and complex multifunctional structural system,features at least two shells that are separated by internal voids.The unique structure endows it with numerous advantages including low density,high loading capacity,large specific surface area,facilitated mass transport,and multiple spatial confinement effect.In the past twenty years,benefiting from the booming development of synthesis methods,various HoMS materials have been prepared and show promising applications in diverse areas.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Central China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China under Grant 52140023000T.
文摘Investigating flexibility and stability boosting transmission expansion planning(TEP)methods can increase the renewable energy(RE)consumption of the power systems.In this study,we propose a bi-level TEP method for voltage-source-converter-based direct current(VSC-DC),focusing on flexibility and stability enhancement.First,we established the TEP framework of VSC-DC,by introducing the evaluation indices to quantify the power system flexibility and stability.Subsequently,we propose a bi-level VSC-DC TEP model:the upper-level model acquires the optimal VSC-DC planning scheme by using the improved moth flame optimization(IMFO)algorithm,and the lower-level model evaluates the flexibility through time-series production simulation.Finally,we applied the proposedVSC-DC TEPmethod to the modified IEEE-24 and IEEE-39 test systems,and obtained the optimalVSCDC planning schemes.The results verified that the proposed method can achieve excellent RE curtailment with high flexibility and stability.Furthermore,the well-designed IMFO algorithm outperformed the traditional particle swarm optimization(PSO)and moth flame optimization(MFO)algorithms,confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Project for Youth:1908085QF252)Research Program of National University of Defense Technology(ZK19-10)。
文摘Focused energy delivery(FED) is a technique that can precisely bring energy to the specific region,which arouses wide attention in precision electronic warfare(PREW).This paper first proposes a joint optimization model with respect to the locations of the array and the transmitted signals to improve the performance of FED.As the problem is nonconvex and NP-hard,particle swarm optimization(PSO) is adopted to solve the locations of the array,while designing the transmitted signals under a feasible array is considered as a unimodular quadratic program(UQP) subproblem to calculate the fitness criterion of PSO.In the PSO-UQP framework established,two methods are presented for the UQP subproblem,which are more efficient and more accurate respectively than previous works.Furthermore,a threshold value is set in the framework to determine which method to adopt to take full advantages of the methods above.Meanwhile,we obtain the maximum localization error that FED can tolerate,which is significant for implementing FED in practice.Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the joint optimization algorithm,and the correctness of the maximum localization error derived.
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973Program,2010CB834203)the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(10835011)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(10905080,11075191)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province of China(1010RJZA007)Science and Technology Development Project of Lanzhou City(2008-sr-10,2009-2-12)
文摘An active spot beam delivery system for heavy ion therapy has been developed based on the Cooling Storage Ring at HIRFL-CSR, where the pencil carbon-ion beams were scanned within a target volume transversely by a pair of orthogonal （horizontal and vertical） dipole magnets to paint the slices of the target volume and longitudinally by active energy variation of the synchrotron slice by slice. The unique techniques such as dose shaping via active energy variation and magnetic deflection constitute a promising three-dimensional conformal even intensity-modulated radiotherapy with heavy ions at HIRFL-CSR. In this paper, the verification of active energy variation and the calibration of steerable beam deflection are shown, as the basic functionality components of the active spot-scanning system. Additionally, based on the capability of creating homogeneous irradiation fields with steerable pencil beams, a radiobiological experiment like cell survival measurement has been performed aiming at comparison of the radiobiological effects under active and passive beam deliveries.
文摘The antioxidant activity of sesamol derivatives and their drug delivery via fullerene were investigated. Fullerene can interact with sesamol derivatives, and their adsorptions were possible from the energetic viewpoint. Adding the NH_2 group to sesamol can improve the sensitivity of sesamol toward fullerene surface. The NH_2 and OMe substitutions increase the antioxidant activity of sesamol. The results can also be used to select novel sesamol derivatives with higher antioxidant activity and higher drug delivery ability.
