AIM:To observe the analgesic effects of moxibustion in rats with chronic visceral hyperalgesia and its influence on the concentration of dynorphin(Dyn) and endomorphin(EM) in spinal cord.METHODS:The rat model of chron...AIM:To observe the analgesic effects of moxibustion in rats with chronic visceral hyperalgesia and its influence on the concentration of dynorphin(Dyn) and endomorphin(EM) in spinal cord.METHODS:The rat model of chronic visceral hyperalgesia was established by colorectal distention(CRD).In moxibustion(MX) group,moxibustion was applied once daily for 7 d;in sham moxibustion(SM) group,moxibustion was given to the same acupoints but with the nonsmoldered end of the moxa stick.Model control(MC) group and normal control group were also studied.The scoring system of abdominal withdrawal reflex was used to evaluate visceral pain for behavioral assessment.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the concentrations of Dyn and EM in spinal cord.RESULTS:Moxibustion significantly decreased visceral pain to CRD in this rat model,and no significant difference was detected between the SM group and the MC group.In MX group,moxibustion also increased the concentrations of Dyn and EM in spinal cord,and no significant difference was found between the SM group and the MC group.CONCLUSION:Moxibustion therapy can significantly enhance the pain threshold of rats with chronic visceral hyperalgesia,and the effect may be closely related to the increased concentration of Dyn and EM in spinal cord.展开更多
Analogues of endomorphin and tripeptidcs modified at positions 4 and 3,respectively,with various phenylalanine analogues were synthesized and their affinities for opioid receptors were evaluated.Most of the peptides e...Analogues of endomorphin and tripeptidcs modified at positions 4 and 3,respectively,with various phenylalanine analogues were synthesized and their affinities for opioid receptors were evaluated.Most of the peptides exhibited potentμ-receptor affinity and selectivity,among them,compound 7（Dmt-Pro-Tmp-Tmp-NH_2） exhibited potent affinity for bothμ-andδ-receptors （K_iμ= 0.47 nmol/L,K_iδ= 1.63 nmol/L）.展开更多
Bone marrow precursor cells were extracted from C57BL/6J mice aged 7-8 weeks, and dendritic cells were purified using anti-CD1 lc （a specific marker for dendritic cells） antibody-coated magnetic beads. Immunofluores...Bone marrow precursor cells were extracted from C57BL/6J mice aged 7-8 weeks, and dendritic cells were purified using anti-CD1 lc （a specific marker for dendritic cells） antibody-coated magnetic beads. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the expression levels of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 were upregulated in dendritic cells activated by lipopolysaccharide. An enzyme Jmmunoassay showed that lipopolysaccharide and other Toll-like receptor ligands promoted the secretion of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 from activated dendritic cells. [3H]-thymidine incorporation demonstrated that endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 both inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocyte induced by activated dendritic cells. Furthermore, this immunosuppressive effect was blocked by CTOP, a specific antagonist of IJ-opioid receptors. Our experimental findings indicate that activated dendritic cells can induce the expression and secretion of endomorphins, and that endomorphins suppress T lymphocyte proliferation through activation of iJ-opioid receptors.展开更多
目的探讨内吗啡肽-1对心肌缺血再灌注损伤中PI3K/Akt信号通路的作用以及对细胞凋亡的影响。方法将50只SD雄性大鼠随机分为5组:假手术组(S组)、缺血再灌注组(IR组)、内吗啡肽-1后处理组(EM50组)、内吗啡肽-1+渥曼青霉素后处理组(EM50+Wor...目的探讨内吗啡肽-1对心肌缺血再灌注损伤中PI3K/Akt信号通路的作用以及对细胞凋亡的影响。方法将50只SD雄性大鼠随机分为5组:假手术组(S组)、缺血再灌注组(IR组)、内吗啡肽-1后处理组(EM50组)、内吗啡肽-1+渥曼青霉素后处理组(EM50+Wort组)和PI3K/Akt信号通路抑制剂渥曼青霉素后处理组(Wort组)。采用结扎大鼠心脏左冠状动脉前降支30 min,再灌注120 min复制心肌缺血再灌注模型,实验期间动态监测大鼠心率、平均动脉压;再灌注结束后检测大鼠血浆乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌钙蛋白I、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α、氧化应激指标超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛等生化指标,RT-PCR检测Bax和Bcl-2基因的表达情况,Western blot检测心肌组织中凋亡相关蛋白cleaved caspase-3、磷酸化Akt蛋白和总Akt蛋白的表达。结果与S组比较,IR组心率和血压降低(P<0.05);与IR组比较,EM50组心率和血压有所增高(339.94±26.65 vs 284.01±34.99;75.02±14.45 vs 55.83±20.98,P<0.05);血浆中乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌钙蛋白I、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和丙二醛含量或活性下降(P<0.05),氧化应激指标超氧化物歧化酶活性增加(132.77±8.25 vs 84.10±12.42,P<0.05);p-Akt蛋白表达水平较高(0.61±0.06 vs 0.38±0.04,P<0.05),Bax基因和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达量降低(1.70±0.39 vs 3.78±0.71;0.30±0.08 vs 0.53±0.07,P<0.05),Bcl-2基因的表达量升高(1.20±0.44 vs 0.55±0.25,P<0.05);与EM50组比较,EM50+Wort组心率和血压降低(P<0.05);血浆中乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌钙蛋白I、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和丙二醛含量或活性增加(P<0.05),氧化应激指标超氧化物歧化酶活性降低(P<0.05);p-Akt蛋白表达水平较低(P<0.05),Bax基因和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达量升高(P<0.05),Bcl-2基因表达量降低(P<0.05)。结论 EM-1后处理可调节细胞凋亡,减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤。PI3K/Akt信号通路可能对EM-1后处理产生的心肌�展开更多
基金Supported by The National Basic Research Program of China,973 Program,No 2009CB522900Scientific Research Grants of Shanghai Health Bureau,No 2009209Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,No S30304
文摘AIM:To observe the analgesic effects of moxibustion in rats with chronic visceral hyperalgesia and its influence on the concentration of dynorphin(Dyn) and endomorphin(EM) in spinal cord.METHODS:The rat model of chronic visceral hyperalgesia was established by colorectal distention(CRD).In moxibustion(MX) group,moxibustion was applied once daily for 7 d;in sham moxibustion(SM) group,moxibustion was given to the same acupoints but with the nonsmoldered end of the moxa stick.Model control(MC) group and normal control group were also studied.The scoring system of abdominal withdrawal reflex was used to evaluate visceral pain for behavioral assessment.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the concentrations of Dyn and EM in spinal cord.RESULTS:Moxibustion significantly decreased visceral pain to CRD in this rat model,and no significant difference was detected between the SM group and the MC group.In MX group,moxibustion also increased the concentrations of Dyn and EM in spinal cord,and no significant difference was found between the SM group and the MC group.CONCLUSION:Moxibustion therapy can significantly enhance the pain threshold of rats with chronic visceral hyperalgesia,and the effect may be closely related to the increased concentration of Dyn and EM in spinal cord.
基金was supported by grants 08KJB350002 and 08NMUZ028in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH and NIEHS
文摘Analogues of endomorphin and tripeptidcs modified at positions 4 and 3,respectively,with various phenylalanine analogues were synthesized and their affinities for opioid receptors were evaluated.Most of the peptides exhibited potentμ-receptor affinity and selectivity,among them,compound 7（Dmt-Pro-Tmp-Tmp-NH_2） exhibited potent affinity for bothμ-andδ-receptors （K_iμ= 0.47 nmol/L,K_iδ= 1.63 nmol/L）.
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Foundation of Anhui Province Universities,No.KJ2011A202the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81000074
文摘Bone marrow precursor cells were extracted from C57BL/6J mice aged 7-8 weeks, and dendritic cells were purified using anti-CD1 lc （a specific marker for dendritic cells） antibody-coated magnetic beads. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the expression levels of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 were upregulated in dendritic cells activated by lipopolysaccharide. An enzyme Jmmunoassay showed that lipopolysaccharide and other Toll-like receptor ligands promoted the secretion of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 from activated dendritic cells. [3H]-thymidine incorporation demonstrated that endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 both inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocyte induced by activated dendritic cells. Furthermore, this immunosuppressive effect was blocked by CTOP, a specific antagonist of IJ-opioid receptors. Our experimental findings indicate that activated dendritic cells can induce the expression and secretion of endomorphins, and that endomorphins suppress T lymphocyte proliferation through activation of iJ-opioid receptors.
文摘目的探讨内吗啡肽-1对心肌缺血再灌注损伤中PI3K/Akt信号通路的作用以及对细胞凋亡的影响。方法将50只SD雄性大鼠随机分为5组:假手术组(S组)、缺血再灌注组(IR组)、内吗啡肽-1后处理组(EM50组)、内吗啡肽-1+渥曼青霉素后处理组(EM50+Wort组)和PI3K/Akt信号通路抑制剂渥曼青霉素后处理组(Wort组)。采用结扎大鼠心脏左冠状动脉前降支30 min,再灌注120 min复制心肌缺血再灌注模型,实验期间动态监测大鼠心率、平均动脉压;再灌注结束后检测大鼠血浆乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌钙蛋白I、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α、氧化应激指标超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛等生化指标,RT-PCR检测Bax和Bcl-2基因的表达情况,Western blot检测心肌组织中凋亡相关蛋白cleaved caspase-3、磷酸化Akt蛋白和总Akt蛋白的表达。结果与S组比较,IR组心率和血压降低(P<0.05);与IR组比较,EM50组心率和血压有所增高(339.94±26.65 vs 284.01±34.99;75.02±14.45 vs 55.83±20.98,P<0.05);血浆中乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌钙蛋白I、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和丙二醛含量或活性下降(P<0.05),氧化应激指标超氧化物歧化酶活性增加(132.77±8.25 vs 84.10±12.42,P<0.05);p-Akt蛋白表达水平较高(0.61±0.06 vs 0.38±0.04,P<0.05),Bax基因和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达量降低(1.70±0.39 vs 3.78±0.71;0.30±0.08 vs 0.53±0.07,P<0.05),Bcl-2基因的表达量升高(1.20±0.44 vs 0.55±0.25,P<0.05);与EM50组比较,EM50+Wort组心率和血压降低(P<0.05);血浆中乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶、肌钙蛋白I、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和丙二醛含量或活性增加(P<0.05),氧化应激指标超氧化物歧化酶活性降低(P<0.05);p-Akt蛋白表达水平较低(P<0.05),Bax基因和cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达量升高(P<0.05),Bcl-2基因表达量降低(P<0.05)。结论 EM-1后处理可调节细胞凋亡,减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤。PI3K/Akt信号通路可能对EM-1后处理产生的心肌�
