[ Objective ] The research aimed to study the pupa changes and emergence behaviors of Dacne picta Crotch. [ Method ] The D. p/cta reared in the labo- ratory were observed and recorded. [ Result ] Before the emergence,...[ Objective ] The research aimed to study the pupa changes and emergence behaviors of Dacne picta Crotch. [ Method ] The D. p/cta reared in the labo- ratory were observed and recorded. [ Result ] Before the emergence, the color of compound eyes, maxillae, tarsi and wing pads d pupae was gradually deepened. The 14^th- 16^th d after pupation were the peak time for emergence, and the ratio of female to male was close to 1： 0.77. During the emergence, the puparium of D. picta dehisced from pronotum, and the hind wing had extension phenomenon before contraction and folding. [ Conclusion] The research confirmed the pupa changes and the emergence behaviors of D. picta.展开更多
The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied. （1824） is one of the most important pest that can infest orchards if its spread is not controlled. Among the preventive measures recommended in the fight against...The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied. （1824） is one of the most important pest that can infest orchards if its spread is not controlled. Among the preventive measures recommended in the fight against this pest, we are interested in looking for varieties that are less favorable to the development of this pest among different varieties of fig trees in our region. The biological parameters of the fruit fly which were followed in this study are duration of pupation, rate of emergence, sex ratio and longevity of males and females. The results show that these parameters vary depending on the variety of fruit.展开更多
Climate change is shifting the amount and frequency of precipitation in many regions, which is expected to affect seedling recruitment across ecosystems. However, the combined effects of precipitation amount and frequ...Climate change is shifting the amount and frequency of precipitation in many regions, which is expected to affect seedling recruitment across ecosystems. However, the combined effects of precipitation amount and frequency on seedling recruitment remain largely unknown. An understanding of the effects of precipitation amount and frequency and their interaction on seedling emergence and growth of typical desert plants is vital for managing populations of desert plants. We conducted two experiments to study the effects of variation in precipitation on Reaumuria soongarica （Pall.） Maxim. First, greenhouse experiments were conducted to examine the effects of three precipitation amount treatments （ambient, ＋30%, and -30%） and two precipitation frequency treatments （ambient and -50%） on seedling emergence. Second, the morphological responses of R. soongarica to changes in precipitation amount and frequency were tested in a controlled field experiment. Stage-specific changes in growth were monitored by sampling in different growth seasons. Our results showed that precipitation amount significantly affected germination, seedling emergence, and growth of R. soongarica, and there was a larger effect with decreased precipitation frequency compared with ambient. Germination and seedling emergence increased as precipitation increased under the same frequency of precipitation. The highest emergence percentage was obtained with a 30% increase in precipitation amount and a 50% reduction in precipitation frequency. Compared with ambient precipitation, a 30% increase in precipitation amount increased above- and below-ground biomass accumulation of R. soongarica during the growth season. A decrease of 30% in precipitation amount also resulted in an increase in below-ground biomass and root/shoot ratio in the early stages of the growth season, however, above- and below-ground biomass showed the opposite results at the end of the growth season, with larger effects on above-ground than below-ground biomass under decreased展开更多
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(C2010000705)Dr.Start Funds in Hebei Agricultural University~~
文摘[ Objective ] The research aimed to study the pupa changes and emergence behaviors of Dacne picta Crotch. [ Method ] The D. p/cta reared in the labo- ratory were observed and recorded. [ Result ] Before the emergence, the color of compound eyes, maxillae, tarsi and wing pads d pupae was gradually deepened. The 14^th- 16^th d after pupation were the peak time for emergence, and the ratio of female to male was close to 1： 0.77. During the emergence, the puparium of D. picta dehisced from pronotum, and the hind wing had extension phenomenon before contraction and folding. [ Conclusion] The research confirmed the pupa changes and the emergence behaviors of D. picta.
文摘The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied. （1824） is one of the most important pest that can infest orchards if its spread is not controlled. Among the preventive measures recommended in the fight against this pest, we are interested in looking for varieties that are less favorable to the development of this pest among different varieties of fig trees in our region. The biological parameters of the fruit fly which were followed in this study are duration of pupation, rate of emergence, sex ratio and longevity of males and females. The results show that these parameters vary depending on the variety of fruit.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31560135, 41361100)the Gansu Science and Technology Support Program (1604FKCA088)
文摘Climate change is shifting the amount and frequency of precipitation in many regions, which is expected to affect seedling recruitment across ecosystems. However, the combined effects of precipitation amount and frequency on seedling recruitment remain largely unknown. An understanding of the effects of precipitation amount and frequency and their interaction on seedling emergence and growth of typical desert plants is vital for managing populations of desert plants. We conducted two experiments to study the effects of variation in precipitation on Reaumuria soongarica （Pall.） Maxim. First, greenhouse experiments were conducted to examine the effects of three precipitation amount treatments （ambient, ＋30%, and -30%） and two precipitation frequency treatments （ambient and -50%） on seedling emergence. Second, the morphological responses of R. soongarica to changes in precipitation amount and frequency were tested in a controlled field experiment. Stage-specific changes in growth were monitored by sampling in different growth seasons. Our results showed that precipitation amount significantly affected germination, seedling emergence, and growth of R. soongarica, and there was a larger effect with decreased precipitation frequency compared with ambient. Germination and seedling emergence increased as precipitation increased under the same frequency of precipitation. The highest emergence percentage was obtained with a 30% increase in precipitation amount and a 50% reduction in precipitation frequency. Compared with ambient precipitation, a 30% increase in precipitation amount increased above- and below-ground biomass accumulation of R. soongarica during the growth season. A decrease of 30% in precipitation amount also resulted in an increase in below-ground biomass and root/shoot ratio in the early stages of the growth season, however, above- and below-ground biomass showed the opposite results at the end of the growth season, with larger effects on above-ground than below-ground biomass under decreased
