Due to their unique electronic and structural properties triggered by high atomic utilization and easy surface modification,two-dimensional(2D)materials have prodigious potential in electrocatalysis for energy convers...Due to their unique electronic and structural properties triggered by high atomic utilization and easy surface modification,two-dimensional(2D)materials have prodigious potential in electrocatalysis for energy conversion technology in recent years.In this review,we discuss the recent progress on two-dimensional nanomaterials for electrocatalysis.Five categories including metals,transition metal compounds,non-metal,metal-organic framework and other emerging 2D nanomaterials are successively introduced.Finally,the challenges and future development directions of 2D materials for electrocatalysis are also prospected.We hope this review may be helpful for guiding the design and application of 2D nanomaterials in energy conversion technologies.展开更多
One of the critical issues in the development of novel metallic biomaterials is the design and fabrication of metallic scaffolds and implants with hierarchical structures mimicking human bones. In this work, selective...One of the critical issues in the development of novel metallic biomaterials is the design and fabrication of metallic scaffolds and implants with hierarchical structures mimicking human bones. In this work, selective laser melting(SLM) and electrochemical anodization were applied to fabricate dense Ti-6 A1-4 V components with macro-micron-nanoscale hierarchical surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), 3 D laser scanning microscopy(3 D LSM), contact angle video system, fluorescence microscopy and spectrophotometer were used to investigate the properties of the samples. The results reveal that the SLMed post-anodization(SLM-TNT) exhibits enhanced or at least comparable wettability, protein adsorption and biological response of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) in comparison with the three reference configurations, i.e., the polished Ti-6 Al-4 V(PO-Ti64), the SLMed Ti-6 A1-4 V(SLM-Ti64) and the polished Ti-6 A1-4 V post-anodization(PO-TNT). The improved cytocompatibility of the samples after SLM and anodization should be mainly attributed to the nanoscale tubular features,while the macro-micron-scale structures only lead to slight preference for cell attachment.展开更多
The Ti−45Nb(wt.%)alloy properties were investigated in relation to its potential biomedical use.Laser surface modification was utilized to improve its performance in biological systems.As a result of the laser treatme...The Ti−45Nb(wt.%)alloy properties were investigated in relation to its potential biomedical use.Laser surface modification was utilized to improve its performance in biological systems.As a result of the laser treatment,(Ti,Nb)O scale was formed and various morphological features appeared on the alloy surface.The electrochemical behavior of Ti−45Nb alloy in simulated body conditions was evaluated and showed that the alloy was highly resistant to corrosion deterioration regardless of additional laser surface modification treatment.Nevertheless,the improved corrosion resistance after laser treatment was evident(the corrosion current density of the alloy before laser irradiation was 2.84×10^(−8)A/cm2,while that after laser treatment with 5 mJ was 0.65×10^(−8)A/cm2)and ascribed to the rapid formation of a complex and passivating bi-modal surface oxide layer.Alloy cytotoxicity and effects of the Ti−45Nb alloy laser surface modification on the MRC-5 cell viability,morphology,and proliferation were also investigated.The Ti−45Nb alloy showed no cytotoxic effect.Moreover,cells showed improved viability and adherence to the alloy surface after the laser irradiation treatment.The highest average cell viability of 115.37%was attained for the alloy laser-irradiated with 15 mJ.Results showed that the laser surface modification can be successfully utilized to significantly improve alloy performance in a biological environment.展开更多
Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction is a viable,economical,and sustainable method to transform atmospheric CO_(2)into carbon-based fuels and effectively reduce climate change and the energy crisis.Constructing robust cata...Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction is a viable,economical,and sustainable method to transform atmospheric CO_(2)into carbon-based fuels and effectively reduce climate change and the energy crisis.Constructing robust catalysts through interface engineering is significant for electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction(ECR)but remains a grand challenge.Herein,SnO2/Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)heterojunction on N,S-codoped-carbon(SnO_(2)/BOC@NSC)with efficient ECR performance was firstly constructed by a facile synthetic strategy.When the SnO_(2)/BOC@NSC was utilized in ECR,it exhibits a large formic acid(HCOOH)partial current density(JHCOOH)of 86.7 mA·cm^(−2)at−1.2 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)and maximum Faradaic efficiency(FE)of HCOOH(90.75%at−1.2 V versus RHE),respectively.Notably,the FEHCOOH of SnO_(2)/BOC@NSC is higher than 90%in the flow cell and the JHCOOH of SnO_(2)/BOC@NSC can achieve 200 mA·cm^(−2)at−0.8 V versus RHE to meet the requirements of industrialization level.The comparative experimental analysis and in-situ X-ray absorption fine structure reveal that the excellent ECR performance can be ascribed to the synergistic effect of SnO_(2)/BOC heterojunction,which enhances the activation of CO_(2)molecules and improves electron transfer.This work provides an efficient SnO_(2)-based heterojunction catalyst for effective formate production and offers a novel approach for the construction of new types of metal oxide heterostructures for other catalytic applications.展开更多
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.2018KFYXKJC044)the National 1000 Young Talents Program of China.
文摘Due to their unique electronic and structural properties triggered by high atomic utilization and easy surface modification,two-dimensional(2D)materials have prodigious potential in electrocatalysis for energy conversion technology in recent years.In this review,we discuss the recent progress on two-dimensional nanomaterials for electrocatalysis.Five categories including metals,transition metal compounds,non-metal,metal-organic framework and other emerging 2D nanomaterials are successively introduced.Finally,the challenges and future development directions of 2D materials for electrocatalysis are also prospected.We hope this review may be helpful for guiding the design and application of 2D nanomaterials in energy conversion technologies.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51604104)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (No. ZDSYS201703031748354)the National Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030313756)
文摘One of the critical issues in the development of novel metallic biomaterials is the design and fabrication of metallic scaffolds and implants with hierarchical structures mimicking human bones. In this work, selective laser melting(SLM) and electrochemical anodization were applied to fabricate dense Ti-6 A1-4 V components with macro-micron-nanoscale hierarchical surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), 3 D laser scanning microscopy(3 D LSM), contact angle video system, fluorescence microscopy and spectrophotometer were used to investigate the properties of the samples. The results reveal that the SLMed post-anodization(SLM-TNT) exhibits enhanced or at least comparable wettability, protein adsorption and biological response of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) in comparison with the three reference configurations, i.e., the polished Ti-6 Al-4 V(PO-Ti64), the SLMed Ti-6 A1-4 V(SLM-Ti64) and the polished Ti-6 A1-4 V post-anodization(PO-TNT). The improved cytocompatibility of the samples after SLM and anodization should be mainly attributed to the nanoscale tubular features,while the macro-micron-scale structures only lead to slight preference for cell attachment.
基金the Ministry of Science,Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia(No.451-03-47/2023-01/200017)the PhD fellowship of Slađana LAKETIĆ.Authors would also like to acknowledge the help of Dr.Anton HOHENWARTER from the Department of Materials Science,Montanuniversitat Leoben,Austria,during the Ti−45Nb alloy microstructural analysis.
文摘The Ti−45Nb(wt.%)alloy properties were investigated in relation to its potential biomedical use.Laser surface modification was utilized to improve its performance in biological systems.As a result of the laser treatment,(Ti,Nb)O scale was formed and various morphological features appeared on the alloy surface.The electrochemical behavior of Ti−45Nb alloy in simulated body conditions was evaluated and showed that the alloy was highly resistant to corrosion deterioration regardless of additional laser surface modification treatment.Nevertheless,the improved corrosion resistance after laser treatment was evident(the corrosion current density of the alloy before laser irradiation was 2.84×10^(−8)A/cm2,while that after laser treatment with 5 mJ was 0.65×10^(−8)A/cm2)and ascribed to the rapid formation of a complex and passivating bi-modal surface oxide layer.Alloy cytotoxicity and effects of the Ti−45Nb alloy laser surface modification on the MRC-5 cell viability,morphology,and proliferation were also investigated.The Ti−45Nb alloy showed no cytotoxic effect.Moreover,cells showed improved viability and adherence to the alloy surface after the laser irradiation treatment.The highest average cell viability of 115.37%was attained for the alloy laser-irradiated with 15 mJ.Results showed that the laser surface modification can be successfully utilized to significantly improve alloy performance in a biological environment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21631003 and 22001015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2050205)University of Science and Technology Beijing.
文摘Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction is a viable,economical,and sustainable method to transform atmospheric CO_(2)into carbon-based fuels and effectively reduce climate change and the energy crisis.Constructing robust catalysts through interface engineering is significant for electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction(ECR)but remains a grand challenge.Herein,SnO2/Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3)heterojunction on N,S-codoped-carbon(SnO_(2)/BOC@NSC)with efficient ECR performance was firstly constructed by a facile synthetic strategy.When the SnO_(2)/BOC@NSC was utilized in ECR,it exhibits a large formic acid(HCOOH)partial current density(JHCOOH)of 86.7 mA·cm^(−2)at−1.2 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)and maximum Faradaic efficiency(FE)of HCOOH(90.75%at−1.2 V versus RHE),respectively.Notably,the FEHCOOH of SnO_(2)/BOC@NSC is higher than 90%in the flow cell and the JHCOOH of SnO_(2)/BOC@NSC can achieve 200 mA·cm^(−2)at−0.8 V versus RHE to meet the requirements of industrialization level.The comparative experimental analysis and in-situ X-ray absorption fine structure reveal that the excellent ECR performance can be ascribed to the synergistic effect of SnO_(2)/BOC heterojunction,which enhances the activation of CO_(2)molecules and improves electron transfer.This work provides an efficient SnO_(2)-based heterojunction catalyst for effective formate production and offers a novel approach for the construction of new types of metal oxide heterostructures for other catalytic applications.
