FENG Jiang ① ZHANG Shu\|Yi ② LI Zhen\|Xin ①② SHENG Lian\|Xi ① WANG Li\|Xin ③) (①Environmental Science Department, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China) (②Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Acade...FENG Jiang ① ZHANG Shu\|Yi ② LI Zhen\|Xin ①② SHENG Lian\|Xi ① WANG Li\|Xin ③) (①Environmental Science Department, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China) (②Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China) (③Psychology Department, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)展开更多
When they are flying,Great evening bat ( Ia io ) produces short FM echolocation calls including three harmonics,of which the first one and the second one are stronger.As they fly,the first harmonic is modulated from 4...When they are flying,Great evening bat ( Ia io ) produces short FM echolocation calls including three harmonics,of which the first one and the second one are stronger.As they fly,the first harmonic is modulated from 49 0 to 18 3 kHz,the second one is modulated from 80 0 to 35 6 kHz,and the third one from 87 2 to 56 7 kHz.The average duration of the calls is 3 7 ms.It was predicted that Great evening bat ( Ia io ) captures big insects in the open area among foliages according to the sound characteristic analysis of echolocation calls and the analysis comparing with the echolocation calls of other bats that perch in the same cave.展开更多
Frequencies of echolocation calls with maximum power of Himalayan leaf-nosed bats and Horsfield’s leaf-nosed bats during searching phase were 74.1 and 92.1 kHz, respectively. Head-body length, forearm length and body...Frequencies of echolocation calls with maximum power of Himalayan leaf-nosed bats and Horsfield’s leaf-nosed bats during searching phase were 74.1 and 92.1 kHz, respectively. Head-body length, forearm length and body mass of Himalayan leaf-nosed bats were 82.9 mm, 89.7 mm and 59.1 g, respectively; and the corresponding values of Horsfield’s leaf-nosed bats were 68.4 mm, 61.3 mm and 19.7 g, respectively. Echolocation frequency and the three parameters of body size, head-body length, forearm length and body mass, were all negatively correlated, and the correlation coefficients were -0.86, -1.58 and -2.19, respectively. This study thereby proved that echolocation frequency and body size were negatively correlated in the two species of hipposiderid bats.展开更多
Echolocation calls of Myotis frater emitted during the search phase consist of brief frequency-modulated pulses. The sound signals are comprised of three harmonics of which the first one is of the highest intensity an...Echolocation calls of Myotis frater emitted during the search phase consist of brief frequency-modulated pulses. The sound signals are comprised of three harmonics of which the first one is of the highest intensity and occurs in all echolocation calls. The frequency of this fundamental harmonic ranges from 110.8 to 50.2 kHz, and its duration is about 3.5 ms. The second and the third harmonics are relatively weak, occurring in 50.0% and 25.0% of echolocation calls respectively, with frequencies ranging from 138.4 to 116.6 kHz for the second harmonic and from 193.6 to 170.8 kHz for the third harmonic. We presume that, according to the echolocation call features, Myotis frater probably forages the insects on the ground of complex environments.展开更多
文摘FENG Jiang ① ZHANG Shu\|Yi ② LI Zhen\|Xin ①② SHENG Lian\|Xi ① WANG Li\|Xin ③) (①Environmental Science Department, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China) (②Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China) (③Psychology Department, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)
文摘When they are flying,Great evening bat ( Ia io ) produces short FM echolocation calls including three harmonics,of which the first one and the second one are stronger.As they fly,the first harmonic is modulated from 49 0 to 18 3 kHz,the second one is modulated from 80 0 to 35 6 kHz,and the third one from 87 2 to 56 7 kHz.The average duration of the calls is 3 7 ms.It was predicted that Great evening bat ( Ia io ) captures big insects in the open area among foliages according to the sound characteristic analysis of echolocation calls and the analysis comparing with the echolocation calls of other bats that perch in the same cave.
文摘Frequencies of echolocation calls with maximum power of Himalayan leaf-nosed bats and Horsfield’s leaf-nosed bats during searching phase were 74.1 and 92.1 kHz, respectively. Head-body length, forearm length and body mass of Himalayan leaf-nosed bats were 82.9 mm, 89.7 mm and 59.1 g, respectively; and the corresponding values of Horsfield’s leaf-nosed bats were 68.4 mm, 61.3 mm and 19.7 g, respectively. Echolocation frequency and the three parameters of body size, head-body length, forearm length and body mass, were all negatively correlated, and the correlation coefficients were -0.86, -1.58 and -2.19, respectively. This study thereby proved that echolocation frequency and body size were negatively correlated in the two species of hipposiderid bats.
文摘Echolocation calls of Myotis frater emitted during the search phase consist of brief frequency-modulated pulses. The sound signals are comprised of three harmonics of which the first one is of the highest intensity and occurs in all echolocation calls. The frequency of this fundamental harmonic ranges from 110.8 to 50.2 kHz, and its duration is about 3.5 ms. The second and the third harmonics are relatively weak, occurring in 50.0% and 25.0% of echolocation calls respectively, with frequencies ranging from 138.4 to 116.6 kHz for the second harmonic and from 193.6 to 170.8 kHz for the third harmonic. We presume that, according to the echolocation call features, Myotis frater probably forages the insects on the ground of complex environments.
