【目的】针对稻田氮磷钾肥施用不合理引起环境问题较为严重的现象,从粮食高产高效和环境效益的角度分析稻田化肥的合理施用与管理策略。【方法】选用测土配方施肥项目2005—2010年在湖南省间布置的735个早、中、晚稻肥料田间试验,选取...【目的】针对稻田氮磷钾肥施用不合理引起环境问题较为严重的现象,从粮食高产高效和环境效益的角度分析稻田化肥的合理施用与管理策略。【方法】选用测土配方施肥项目2005—2010年在湖南省间布置的735个早、中、晚稻肥料田间试验,选取不施肥(CK)、农民习惯施肥(FP)和优化施肥(OPT)3个处理,对比分析了早、中、晚稻OPT较FP处理的增产效果与氮、磷、钾肥偏生产力的优势;通过筛选OPT处理产量或/和氮肥偏生产力前25%的试验点,建立高产、高效和高产高效3种方案,结合氮肥用量与氮素损失(N2O的排放、N的径流与淋失、NH3挥发)之间的经验模型,评估稻田节氮减排潜力;通过计算早、中、晚稻磷素表观平衡,分析稻田磷素残留状况;并引入湖南省早、中、晚稻种植面积,估算区域稻田氮、磷的环境效益。【结果】多年多点田间试验研究表明,与CK处理相比,FP和OPT处理分别可增产41.9%和52.0%(早、中、晚稻的平均值);与FP处理相比,OPT处理早、中、晚稻可增产7.0%—8.3%,氮、磷肥偏生产力分别提高16.8%—19.6%和5.5%—37.3%,而OPT处理钾肥用量的提高对钾肥偏生产力的负效应较小(早、中、晚稻平均降幅为6.4%)。节氮减排评估结果表明,高产组产量高而氮肥用量相对较高,高效组氮肥偏生产力高而产量相对较低,用高产高效组表征产量和氮肥偏生产力的潜力更可靠;高产高效组早、中、晚稻每年可节省氮肥用量共81 kg·hm^(-2)(其中晚稻最多,为32 kg N·hm^(-2)),减少氮素损失15.5 kg N·hm^(-2),温室气体N2O减排约20%。湖南省稻田节氮总潜力为12.5×10~4 t,减少氮素损失2.35×10~4 t,主要对象为早稻和晚稻。优化施肥可提水稻的磷素总吸收量,早、中、晚稻从FP处理的59—66 kg P2O5·hm^(-2)增加到OPT处理的63—71 kg P2O5·hm^(-2)。磷肥用量与水稻磷素吸收量之间的关系显示,两者并不能达到显著的正向相关�展开更多
目的通过临床随机对照研究,探讨人工全膝关节置换术中应用止血带对术后疼痛和早期康复、失血量、血栓发生率的影响。方法将2014年1月-2015年8月收治并符合选择标准的166例因膝关节骨关节炎行单侧初次人工全膝关节置换术的患者纳入研究...目的通过临床随机对照研究,探讨人工全膝关节置换术中应用止血带对术后疼痛和早期康复、失血量、血栓发生率的影响。方法将2014年1月-2015年8月收治并符合选择标准的166例因膝关节骨关节炎行单侧初次人工全膝关节置换术的患者纳入研究。根据术中是否使用止血带,将患者随机分为止血带组（n=84）及非止血带组（n=82）。两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、置换侧别、骨关节炎分级、病程以及术前膝关节活动度（range of motion,ROM）、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、美国特种外科医院（HSS）评分、血红蛋白（hemoglobin,Hb）比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,具有可比性。观察并比较两组手术时间、住院时间,术毕至膝关节主动屈膝90°、完成直腿抬高和下地行走的时间,术中失血量以及术后3 d Hb较术前下降值,术后VAS评分、HSS评分、ROM,并记录术后并发症发生情况。结果两组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义（t=—1.353,P=0.178）。患者均获随访,止血带组随访时间3-20个月,平均12个月;非止血带组3-22个月,平均13个月。术后止血带组及非止血带组分别有9例（10.71%）、2例（2.44%）发生血栓形成,20例（23.81%）、21例（25.61%）输血,两组血栓发生率比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.592,P=0.032）,输血率比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.072,P=0.788）。术后3 d,两组Hb下降值比较差异无统计学意义（t=—1.855,P=0.066）。止血带组术中失血量显著低于非止血带组（t=—16.066,P=0.000）。术后止血带组患者完成主动屈膝90°、直腿抬高、下地行走的时间以及住院时间均较非止血带组显著延长（P〈0.05）。除28 d外,非止血带组3、5、7、14 d VAS评分均明显低于止血带组（P〈0.05）。术后28 d,非止血带组HSS评分高于止血带组,差异有统计学意义（t=—4.192,P=0.000）;两组ROM比较差异无统计学意义（t=0.676,P展开更多
A full-length rabbit oviductin cDNA(1909bp) was cloned. It consists of a 5’-UTR of 52bp, an open reading frame (ORF) of 1374bp and a 3’-UTR of 483bp and has more than 80% homology with that of other mammal oviductin...A full-length rabbit oviductin cDNA(1909bp) was cloned. It consists of a 5’-UTR of 52bp, an open reading frame (ORF) of 1374bp and a 3’-UTR of 483bp and has more than 80% homology with that of other mammal oviductins. N-terminal peptide (NTP) (384 residues) and C-terminal peptide (CTP) (73 residues) of deduced protein precursor has about 80% and 50% identity with that of other mammals respectively. Fusion proteins GST-NTP 368(1R-368N)and GST-CTP73 (369F-441A) were expressed and purified. NH2-terminal of CTP sequencing reveals that the purified protein is consistent with the deduced one. In order to study the function of NTP and CTP the mouse anti-NTP and rabbit anti-CTP antisera were prepared. Tissue-specific (skeleton muscle, oviduct, uterus, ovary, liver, heart and brain) analysis indicated that rabbit oviductin was only found in oviduct. The conditioned medium derived from the rabbit oviduct mucosa epithelial cells has a function of overcoming the early embryonic development block of Kunming mous e cultured in vitro. Anti-CTP antiserum could totally inhibit the early embryo development at 2-cell stage cultured in the conditioned culture medium, but anti-NTP antiserum couldn’t. There was a positive relationship between the ratio of early embryos at development block and the dosage of anti-CTP antiserum added in the conditioned culture medium. These results suggest that oviductin has a function not only on fertilization, but also on the release of early embryonic development block, and the later function domain of rabbit oviductin may be situate in its C-terminal.展开更多
BACKGROUND Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)is the second most common acquired hearing loss following presbycusis.Exposure to recreational noise and minimal use of hearing protection increase the prevalence of NIHL in ...BACKGROUND Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)is the second most common acquired hearing loss following presbycusis.Exposure to recreational noise and minimal use of hearing protection increase the prevalence of NIHL in young females.NIHL is irreversible.Identifying minor hearing pathologies before they progress to hearing problems that affect daily life is crucial.AIM To compare the advantages and disadvantages of extended high frequency(EHF)and otoacoustic emission and determine an indicator of hearing pathologies at the early sub-clinical stage.METHODS This cross-sectional study was implemented in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from May to September 2019.A total of 86 participants,aged 18-22 years,were recruited to establish normative thresholds for EHF.Another 159 adults,aged 18-25 years with normal hearing(0.25-8 kHz≤25 dBHL),were allocated to low noise and noise exposure groups.Distortion otoacoustic emission(DPOAE),transient evoked otoacoustic emissions(TEOAE),and EHF were assessed in the two groups to determine the superior technique for detecting early-stage noise-induced pathologies.The chi-square test was used to assess the noise and low noise exposure groups with respect to extended high-frequency audiometry(EHFA),DPOAE,and TEOAE.P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS A total of 86 participants(66 females and 20 males)aged between 18 and 22(average:20.58±1.13)years were recruited to establish normative thresholds for EHF.The normative thresholds for 9,10,11.2,12.5,14,16,18,and 20 kHz were 15,10,20,15,15,20,28,and 0 dBHL,respectively.A total of 201 participants were recruited and examined for eligibility.Among them,159 adults aged between 18 and 25 years were eligible in this study.No statistical difference was detected between the noise exposure and the low noise exposure groups using EHFA,DPOAE,and TEOAE(P>0.05)except in the right ear at 4 kHz using TEOAE(abnormal rate 20.4%vs 5.2%,respectively;P=0.05).CONCLUSION These results showed TEOAE as the earliest indicator of mi展开更多
Currently, gastric cancer(GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms, with a global burden of 723000 deaths in 2012. It is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There are numerous possi...Currently, gastric cancer(GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms, with a global burden of 723000 deaths in 2012. It is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There are numerous possible factors that stimulate the procarcinogenic activity of important genes. These factors include genetic susceptibility expressed in a singlenucleotide polymorphism, various acquired mutations(chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability, somatic gene mutations, epigenetic alterations) and environmental circumstances(e.g., helicobcter pylori infection, EBV infection, diet, and smoking). Most of the aforementioned pathways overlap, and authors agree that a clear-cut pathway for GC may not exist. Thus, the categorization of carcinogenic events is complicated. Lately, it has been claimed that research on early-onset gastric carcinoma(EOGC) and hereditary GC may contribute towards unravelling some part of the mystery of the GC molecular pattern because young patients are less exposed to environmental carcinogens and because carcinogenesis in this setting may be more dependent on genetic factors. The comparison of various aspects that differ and coexist in EOGCs and conventional GCs might enable scientists to: distinguish which features in the pathway of gastric carcinogenesisare modifiable, discover specific GC markers and identify a specific target. This review provides a summary of the data published thus far concerning the molecular characteristics of GC and highlights the outstanding features of EOGC.展开更多
Since its inception in 1966 at the University of Minnesota,pancreas transplantation has witnessed major milestones in evolution of surgical techniques,immunosuppression regimen and more recently,machine perfusion for ...Since its inception in 1966 at the University of Minnesota,pancreas transplantation has witnessed major milestones in evolution of surgical techniques,immunosuppression regimen and more recently,machine perfusion for optimising graft utilisation(1).展开更多
We introduced a parameter r_s(the radius of the pores where the meniscus forms),which is composed of two factors,i e,water loss and cumulative pore size distribution(PSD),to provide a better explanation of the influen...We introduced a parameter r_s(the radius of the pores where the meniscus forms),which is composed of two factors,i e,water loss and cumulative pore size distribution(PSD),to provide a better explanation of the influence of superplasticizers(SPs)on early-age drying shrinkage.In our experiments,it is found that the addition of three types of SPs leads to a significant increase in the early-age drying shrinkage of cement paste,and drying shrinkage increases with the dosage of SPs.Based on the results above,we further studied the mechanism of the effects of SPs on the early-age drying shrinkage of cement paste by PSD and water loss,which are two components of r_s.The experimental results indicate that r_s can be a better index for the early-age drying shrinkage of cement-based materials with SPs than a single factor.In addition,the effects of SPs on other factors such as hydration degree and elastic modulus were also investigated and discussed.展开更多
Objective: The assessment indicators of postpartum hemorrhage(PPH) were systematically reviewed to explore their relationship with blood loss as an early warning sign to identify potential PPH for prompt intervention....Objective: The assessment indicators of postpartum hemorrhage(PPH) were systematically reviewed to explore their relationship with blood loss as an early warning sign to identify potential PPH for prompt intervention.Methods: A systematic literature search of 9 databases was conducted according to inclusion and exclusion criteria using a comprehensive strategy. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology(STROBE) strategy was chosen as the tool for quality assessment of included studies, and data concerning the basic study characteristics and assessment indicators were extracted.Results: Eleven studies were included in this review. The assessment indicators in different reports covered heart rate, blood pressure, placental and birth canal check, hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(HCT),coagulation function tests, hemodynamic parameters and arterial blood gas, but no data on the assessment of postpartum uterine contraction were found. The relationship between indicators and blood loss varies.The overall quality of 9 manuscripts was comparatively high or moderate, and 2 were rated as low.Conclusions: The association between blood loss and clinical symptoms is not conclusive based on the present studies, and specific cut-off points could not be formulated to determine the approximate amount of blood loss. However, some cut-off points can be considered warning signs for the need of advanced interventions, such as heart rate, prothrombin time, and placental implantation. Further research on comprehensive assessment and cut-off points should be performed such that birth attendants can distinguish PPH as early as possible.展开更多
The 2018 Palu M_W7.5 earthquake and tsunami attracted geophysicists' attention for its strike slip focal mechanism and magnitude. We inspected the details of this disaster and discussed its particularity and possi...The 2018 Palu M_W7.5 earthquake and tsunami attracted geophysicists' attention for its strike slip focal mechanism and magnitude. We inspected the details of this disaster and discussed its particularity and possible causations. The submarine landslide and special terrain conditions could have contributed to the unusual size of the tsunami. The early warning system and the post disaster response is also reviewed. Efficient social warnings and broadcast systems along with good maintenance is essential. We also found that enhancing publics scientific literacy is the most important way to reduce disaster damage and casualties. Moreover, social conditions and rebuilding difficulties post tsunami are related as reference resources for future disaster management strategies.展开更多
文摘【目的】针对稻田氮磷钾肥施用不合理引起环境问题较为严重的现象,从粮食高产高效和环境效益的角度分析稻田化肥的合理施用与管理策略。【方法】选用测土配方施肥项目2005—2010年在湖南省间布置的735个早、中、晚稻肥料田间试验,选取不施肥(CK)、农民习惯施肥(FP)和优化施肥(OPT)3个处理,对比分析了早、中、晚稻OPT较FP处理的增产效果与氮、磷、钾肥偏生产力的优势;通过筛选OPT处理产量或/和氮肥偏生产力前25%的试验点,建立高产、高效和高产高效3种方案,结合氮肥用量与氮素损失(N2O的排放、N的径流与淋失、NH3挥发)之间的经验模型,评估稻田节氮减排潜力;通过计算早、中、晚稻磷素表观平衡,分析稻田磷素残留状况;并引入湖南省早、中、晚稻种植面积,估算区域稻田氮、磷的环境效益。【结果】多年多点田间试验研究表明,与CK处理相比,FP和OPT处理分别可增产41.9%和52.0%(早、中、晚稻的平均值);与FP处理相比,OPT处理早、中、晚稻可增产7.0%—8.3%,氮、磷肥偏生产力分别提高16.8%—19.6%和5.5%—37.3%,而OPT处理钾肥用量的提高对钾肥偏生产力的负效应较小(早、中、晚稻平均降幅为6.4%)。节氮减排评估结果表明,高产组产量高而氮肥用量相对较高,高效组氮肥偏生产力高而产量相对较低,用高产高效组表征产量和氮肥偏生产力的潜力更可靠;高产高效组早、中、晚稻每年可节省氮肥用量共81 kg·hm^(-2)(其中晚稻最多,为32 kg N·hm^(-2)),减少氮素损失15.5 kg N·hm^(-2),温室气体N2O减排约20%。湖南省稻田节氮总潜力为12.5×10~4 t,减少氮素损失2.35×10~4 t,主要对象为早稻和晚稻。优化施肥可提水稻的磷素总吸收量,早、中、晚稻从FP处理的59—66 kg P2O5·hm^(-2)增加到OPT处理的63—71 kg P2O5·hm^(-2)。磷肥用量与水稻磷素吸收量之间的关系显示,两者并不能达到显著的正向相关�
文摘目的通过临床随机对照研究,探讨人工全膝关节置换术中应用止血带对术后疼痛和早期康复、失血量、血栓发生率的影响。方法将2014年1月-2015年8月收治并符合选择标准的166例因膝关节骨关节炎行单侧初次人工全膝关节置换术的患者纳入研究。根据术中是否使用止血带,将患者随机分为止血带组（n=84）及非止血带组（n=82）。两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、置换侧别、骨关节炎分级、病程以及术前膝关节活动度（range of motion,ROM）、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、美国特种外科医院（HSS）评分、血红蛋白（hemoglobin,Hb）比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,具有可比性。观察并比较两组手术时间、住院时间,术毕至膝关节主动屈膝90°、完成直腿抬高和下地行走的时间,术中失血量以及术后3 d Hb较术前下降值,术后VAS评分、HSS评分、ROM,并记录术后并发症发生情况。结果两组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义（t=—1.353,P=0.178）。患者均获随访,止血带组随访时间3-20个月,平均12个月;非止血带组3-22个月,平均13个月。术后止血带组及非止血带组分别有9例（10.71%）、2例（2.44%）发生血栓形成,20例（23.81%）、21例（25.61%）输血,两组血栓发生率比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.592,P=0.032）,输血率比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.072,P=0.788）。术后3 d,两组Hb下降值比较差异无统计学意义（t=—1.855,P=0.066）。止血带组术中失血量显著低于非止血带组（t=—16.066,P=0.000）。术后止血带组患者完成主动屈膝90°、直腿抬高、下地行走的时间以及住院时间均较非止血带组显著延长（P〈0.05）。除28 d外,非止血带组3、5、7、14 d VAS评分均明显低于止血带组（P〈0.05）。术后28 d,非止血带组HSS评分高于止血带组,差异有统计学意义（t=—4.192,P=0.000）;两组ROM比较差异无统计学意义（t=0.676,P
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (39730460)National "973" Project (G1999055902)National Labora-
文摘A full-length rabbit oviductin cDNA(1909bp) was cloned. It consists of a 5’-UTR of 52bp, an open reading frame (ORF) of 1374bp and a 3’-UTR of 483bp and has more than 80% homology with that of other mammal oviductins. N-terminal peptide (NTP) (384 residues) and C-terminal peptide (CTP) (73 residues) of deduced protein precursor has about 80% and 50% identity with that of other mammals respectively. Fusion proteins GST-NTP 368(1R-368N)and GST-CTP73 (369F-441A) were expressed and purified. NH2-terminal of CTP sequencing reveals that the purified protein is consistent with the deduced one. In order to study the function of NTP and CTP the mouse anti-NTP and rabbit anti-CTP antisera were prepared. Tissue-specific (skeleton muscle, oviduct, uterus, ovary, liver, heart and brain) analysis indicated that rabbit oviductin was only found in oviduct. The conditioned medium derived from the rabbit oviduct mucosa epithelial cells has a function of overcoming the early embryonic development block of Kunming mous e cultured in vitro. Anti-CTP antiserum could totally inhibit the early embryo development at 2-cell stage cultured in the conditioned culture medium, but anti-NTP antiserum couldn’t. There was a positive relationship between the ratio of early embryos at development block and the dosage of anti-CTP antiserum added in the conditioned culture medium. These results suggest that oviductin has a function not only on fertilization, but also on the release of early embryonic development block, and the later function domain of rabbit oviductin may be situate in its C-terminal.
文摘BACKGROUND Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)is the second most common acquired hearing loss following presbycusis.Exposure to recreational noise and minimal use of hearing protection increase the prevalence of NIHL in young females.NIHL is irreversible.Identifying minor hearing pathologies before they progress to hearing problems that affect daily life is crucial.AIM To compare the advantages and disadvantages of extended high frequency(EHF)and otoacoustic emission and determine an indicator of hearing pathologies at the early sub-clinical stage.METHODS This cross-sectional study was implemented in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from May to September 2019.A total of 86 participants,aged 18-22 years,were recruited to establish normative thresholds for EHF.Another 159 adults,aged 18-25 years with normal hearing(0.25-8 kHz≤25 dBHL),were allocated to low noise and noise exposure groups.Distortion otoacoustic emission(DPOAE),transient evoked otoacoustic emissions(TEOAE),and EHF were assessed in the two groups to determine the superior technique for detecting early-stage noise-induced pathologies.The chi-square test was used to assess the noise and low noise exposure groups with respect to extended high-frequency audiometry(EHFA),DPOAE,and TEOAE.P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS A total of 86 participants(66 females and 20 males)aged between 18 and 22(average:20.58±1.13)years were recruited to establish normative thresholds for EHF.The normative thresholds for 9,10,11.2,12.5,14,16,18,and 20 kHz were 15,10,20,15,15,20,28,and 0 dBHL,respectively.A total of 201 participants were recruited and examined for eligibility.Among them,159 adults aged between 18 and 25 years were eligible in this study.No statistical difference was detected between the noise exposure and the low noise exposure groups using EHFA,DPOAE,and TEOAE(P>0.05)except in the right ear at 4 kHz using TEOAE(abnormal rate 20.4%vs 5.2%,respectively;P=0.05).CONCLUSION These results showed TEOAE as the earliest indicator of mi
基金Supported by A grant from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher EducationNo.N N402 423838
文摘Currently, gastric cancer(GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms, with a global burden of 723000 deaths in 2012. It is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There are numerous possible factors that stimulate the procarcinogenic activity of important genes. These factors include genetic susceptibility expressed in a singlenucleotide polymorphism, various acquired mutations(chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability, somatic gene mutations, epigenetic alterations) and environmental circumstances(e.g., helicobcter pylori infection, EBV infection, diet, and smoking). Most of the aforementioned pathways overlap, and authors agree that a clear-cut pathway for GC may not exist. Thus, the categorization of carcinogenic events is complicated. Lately, it has been claimed that research on early-onset gastric carcinoma(EOGC) and hereditary GC may contribute towards unravelling some part of the mystery of the GC molecular pattern because young patients are less exposed to environmental carcinogens and because carcinogenesis in this setting may be more dependent on genetic factors. The comparison of various aspects that differ and coexist in EOGCs and conventional GCs might enable scientists to: distinguish which features in the pathway of gastric carcinogenesisare modifiable, discover specific GC markers and identify a specific target. This review provides a summary of the data published thus far concerning the molecular characteristics of GC and highlights the outstanding features of EOGC.
文摘Since its inception in 1966 at the University of Minnesota,pancreas transplantation has witnessed major milestones in evolution of surgical techniques,immunosuppression regimen and more recently,machine perfusion for optimising graft utilisation(1).
基金Funded by the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province in 2018(No2018C03033-1)。
文摘We introduced a parameter r_s(the radius of the pores where the meniscus forms),which is composed of two factors,i e,water loss and cumulative pore size distribution(PSD),to provide a better explanation of the influence of superplasticizers(SPs)on early-age drying shrinkage.In our experiments,it is found that the addition of three types of SPs leads to a significant increase in the early-age drying shrinkage of cement paste,and drying shrinkage increases with the dosage of SPs.Based on the results above,we further studied the mechanism of the effects of SPs on the early-age drying shrinkage of cement paste by PSD and water loss,which are two components of r_s.The experimental results indicate that r_s can be a better index for the early-age drying shrinkage of cement-based materials with SPs than a single factor.In addition,the effects of SPs on other factors such as hydration degree and elastic modulus were also investigated and discussed.
基金supported by Shanghai Nursing Association(No.2016SD-B03)
文摘Objective: The assessment indicators of postpartum hemorrhage(PPH) were systematically reviewed to explore their relationship with blood loss as an early warning sign to identify potential PPH for prompt intervention.Methods: A systematic literature search of 9 databases was conducted according to inclusion and exclusion criteria using a comprehensive strategy. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology(STROBE) strategy was chosen as the tool for quality assessment of included studies, and data concerning the basic study characteristics and assessment indicators were extracted.Results: Eleven studies were included in this review. The assessment indicators in different reports covered heart rate, blood pressure, placental and birth canal check, hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(HCT),coagulation function tests, hemodynamic parameters and arterial blood gas, but no data on the assessment of postpartum uterine contraction were found. The relationship between indicators and blood loss varies.The overall quality of 9 manuscripts was comparatively high or moderate, and 2 were rated as low.Conclusions: The association between blood loss and clinical symptoms is not conclusive based on the present studies, and specific cut-off points could not be formulated to determine the approximate amount of blood loss. However, some cut-off points can be considered warning signs for the need of advanced interventions, such as heart rate, prothrombin time, and placental implantation. Further research on comprehensive assessment and cut-off points should be performed such that birth attendants can distinguish PPH as early as possible.
基金sponsored by the Scientific Research Institutes' Basic Research and Development Operations Special Fund of the Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration(Grant No.DQJB18B08)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41674058 and 41804063)
文摘The 2018 Palu M_W7.5 earthquake and tsunami attracted geophysicists' attention for its strike slip focal mechanism and magnitude. We inspected the details of this disaster and discussed its particularity and possible causations. The submarine landslide and special terrain conditions could have contributed to the unusual size of the tsunami. The early warning system and the post disaster response is also reviewed. Efficient social warnings and broadcast systems along with good maintenance is essential. We also found that enhancing publics scientific literacy is the most important way to reduce disaster damage and casualties. Moreover, social conditions and rebuilding difficulties post tsunami are related as reference resources for future disaster management strategies.
