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Antibiotic Resistance of Probiotic Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Marketed Foods and Drugs 被引量:22
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作者 CHANG LIU, ZHUO-YANG ZHANG, KE DONG, JIAN-PING YUAN, AND XIAO-KUI GUO P1 P Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第5期401-412,共12页
Objective To identify the antimicrobial resistance of commercial lactic acid bacteria present in microbial foods and drug additives by analyzing their isolated strains used for fermentation and probiotics. Methods Ant... Objective To identify the antimicrobial resistance of commercial lactic acid bacteria present in microbial foods and drug additives by analyzing their isolated strains used for fermentation and probiotics. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility of 41 screened isolates was tested with disc diffusion and E-test methods after species-level identification. Resistant strains were selected and examined for the presence of resistance genes by PCR. Results Distribution of resistance was found in different species. All isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalothin, and imipenem. In addition, isolates resistant to vancomycin, rifampicin, streptomycin, bacitracin, and erythromycin were detected, although the incidence of resistance to these antibiotics was relatively low. In contrast, most strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, amikacin, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, and gentamycin. The genes msrC, vanX, and dfrA were detected in strains of Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactococcus lactis. Conclusion Antibiotic resistance is present in different species of probiotic strains, which poses a threat to food safety. Evaluation of the safety of lactic acid bacteria for human consumption should be guided by established criteria, guidelines and regulations. 展开更多
关键词 disc diffusion E-TEST MICS vanX msrC dfrA
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3种精油对水果病原菌的抑菌效果研究 被引量:8
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作者 余兴 孔庆军 任雪艳 《食品与生物技术学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第7期714-719,共6页
通过采用滤纸片熏蒸和直接接触作用的方法研究了薰衣草精油,薄荷精油和葡萄籽精油对链格孢霉,扩展青霉和酸腐菌的作用效果。结果显示,抑菌效果与精油浓度和处理方式有关。在精油熏蒸实验中,体积分数为1、2、3、4、5μL/L的3种植物精油... 通过采用滤纸片熏蒸和直接接触作用的方法研究了薰衣草精油,薄荷精油和葡萄籽精油对链格孢霉,扩展青霉和酸腐菌的作用效果。结果显示,抑菌效果与精油浓度和处理方式有关。在精油熏蒸实验中,体积分数为1、2、3、4、5μL/L的3种植物精油对链格孢霉,扩展青霉和酸腐菌的抑菌效果均不同,对薰衣草精油的敏感强弱程度为:链格孢霉>扩展青霉>酸腐菌;对薄荷精油的敏感程度为链格孢霉>酸腐菌>扩展青霉;对葡萄籽精油的敏感强弱程度为扩展青霉>链格孢霉>酸腐菌。而在直接接触作用实验中,体积分数为100、200、300、400、500μL/L的3种植物精油对链格孢霉,扩展青霉和酸腐菌的抑菌效果也不同,对薰衣草精油的敏感强弱程度为:酸腐菌>链格孢霉>扩展青霉;对薄荷精油的敏感强弱程度为酸腐菌>链格孢霉>扩展青霉;对葡萄籽精油的敏感强弱程度为扩展青霉>酸腐菌>链格孢霉。 展开更多
关键词 熏蒸 植物精油 抑菌效果
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正常成人腰椎间盘ADC值的初步测定 被引量:7
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作者 陈耀康 杨汉丰 +2 位作者 杜勇 徐晓雪 李杨 《中国CT和MRI杂志》 2013年第4期111-113,120,共4页
目的对正常成人腰椎间盘平均表观扩散系数(ADC)值进行测量,并分析腰椎间盘解剖层面对腰椎间盘平均ADC值的影响。材料与方法使用1.5T场强磁共振扫描仪,利用常规T1WI、T2WI序列和扩散加权成像(DWI)技术对100例既往无腰背痛及外伤病史等的&... 目的对正常成人腰椎间盘平均表观扩散系数(ADC)值进行测量,并分析腰椎间盘解剖层面对腰椎间盘平均ADC值的影响。材料与方法使用1.5T场强磁共振扫描仪,利用常规T1WI、T2WI序列和扩散加权成像(DWI)技术对100例既往无腰背痛及外伤病史等的"健康人"的L1-5椎间盘进行T1WI、T2WI成像及扩散加权成像并测量其ADC值,分析腰椎间盘解剖层面与腰椎间盘平均ADC值的关系。结果成功将DWI成像运用于腰椎间盘成像,选用扩散敏感系数b值为500s/mm2,获得了稳定清晰地矢状位腰椎间盘DWI图像。初步确定了健康成人自愿者的腰椎间盘平均ADC值为(1.69±0.22)×10-3mm2/s,其95%的可信区间为(1.67×10-3-1.70×10-3)mm2/s。腰椎间盘平均ADC值与椎间盘解剖层面无明显关系。结论 DWI可用于腰椎间盘成像,正常成人腰椎间盘平均ADC值与椎间盘解剖层面无明显相关系,正常成人腰椎间盘平均ADC值测量具有重要临床意义。 展开更多
关键词 腰椎 椎间盘 扩散加权 观扩散系数 磁共振成像
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Anti-bacterial activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of methanolic extracts of fourteen different edible vegetables from Bangladesh 被引量:5
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作者 M.Obayed Ullah Mahmuda Haque +4 位作者 Kaniz Fatima Urmi Abu Hasanat Md.Zulfiker Elichea Synthi Anita Momtaj Begum Kaiser Hamid 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》 SCIE CAS 2013年第1期1-7,共7页
Objective:To investigate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of fourteen different edible vegetables methanolic extract from Bangladesh.Methods:The antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion assay ... Objective:To investigate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of fourteen different edible vegetables methanolic extract from Bangladesh.Methods:The antibacterial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion assay method against 12 bacteria(both gram positive and gram negative).The plant extracts were also screened for cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay method and the lethal concentrations(LC_(50))were determined at confidence intervals by analyzing the data on a computer loaded with"Finney Programme??Results:All the vegetable extracts showed low to elevated levels of antibacterial activity against most of the tested strains(zone of inhibition=5-28 mm).The most active extract against all bacterial strains was from Xanthium indicum which showed remarkable antibacterial activity having the diameter of growth inhibition zone ranging from 12 to 28 mm followed by Alternanthera sessilis(zone of inhibition=6-21 mm).All extracts exhibited considerable general toxicity towards brine shrimps.The LC_(50)value of the tested extracts was within the range of 8.447 to 60.323μg/mL with respect to the positive control(vincristine sulphate)which was 0.91μg/mL.Among all studied extracts,Xanthium indicum displayed the highest cytotoxic effect with LC_(50)value of 8.447μg/mL.Conclusions:The results of the present investigation suggest that most of the studied plants are potentially good source of antibacterial and anticancer agents. 展开更多
关键词 BANGLADESHI VEGETABLES Antibacterial disc diffusion BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY
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九种中草药抗菌活性 被引量:4
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作者 侯洁 尹艳 邹国林 《武汉大学学报(理学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第5期597-601,共5页
选用12种细菌,采用滤纸片琼脂平板扩散法对9种中草药的乙醇提取物进行抗菌筛选.其中溪黄草、石猪肝、虎杖和红根草表现出较强的抗菌活性,抑菌圈直径为10~28 mm.将这4种植物的乙醇提取物分别用氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇抽提,测定不同抽提... 选用12种细菌,采用滤纸片琼脂平板扩散法对9种中草药的乙醇提取物进行抗菌筛选.其中溪黄草、石猪肝、虎杖和红根草表现出较强的抗菌活性,抑菌圈直径为10~28 mm.将这4种植物的乙醇提取物分别用氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇抽提,测定不同抽提物对最为敏感的5种细菌的抑菌圈大小,并采用微量肉汤稀释法进一步测定了最小抑菌浓度(Minimal Inhibitory Concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC).测得MIC和MBC的值在0.016 g/L和0.500 g/L之间. 展开更多
关键词 抗菌活性 药用植物 平板扩散法 微量稀释法
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Prediction of Effective Diffusion Coefficient in Rotating Disc Columns and Application in Design 被引量:4
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作者 Marzieh Amanabadi Hossein Bahmanyar +1 位作者 Zohreh Zarkeshan Mohamad Ali Mousavian 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2009年第3期366-372,共7页
A rotating disc column (RDC) with inner diameter 68 mm and 28 compartments is used in this study. Parameters including Sauter mean diameter, hold-up and mass transfer coefficient are measured experimentally un-der dif... A rotating disc column (RDC) with inner diameter 68 mm and 28 compartments is used in this study. Parameters including Sauter mean diameter, hold-up and mass transfer coefficient are measured experimentally un-der different operating conditions. The correlations in literature for molecular diffusion and enhancement factor equation including eddy diffusion, circulation and oscillation of drops are evaluated. A new equation for the effec-tive diffusion coefficient as a function of Reynolds number is proposed. The calculated values of mass transfer co-efficient and column height from the previous equations and present equation are compared with the experimental data. The results from the present equation are in very good agreement with the experimental results, which may be used in designing RDC columns. 展开更多
关键词 liquid-liquid extraction rotating disc column mass transfer coefficient effective diffusion coefficient
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E试验法在淋球菌药物敏感性试验中的应用评价 被引量:3
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作者 张丽君 王峰 彭毅 《中国艾滋病性病》 CAS 北大核心 2016年第12期987-990,共4页
目的评价E试验(E-test)法检测淋球菌对5种药物敏感性的临床价值。方法对2014年深圳市淋球菌耐药监测项目收集的100株该地区淋球菌临床分离株,分别采用琼脂稀释法、E-test以及纸片扩散法(K-B法)进行头孢曲松、青霉素、大观霉素、环... 目的评价E试验(E-test)法检测淋球菌对5种药物敏感性的临床价值。方法对2014年深圳市淋球菌耐药监测项目收集的100株该地区淋球菌临床分离株,分别采用琼脂稀释法、E-test以及纸片扩散法(K-B法)进行头孢曲松、青霉素、大观霉素、环丙沙星以及阿奇霉素药敏试验,以琼脂稀释法结果作为标准,评价E-test与琼脂稀释法结果的一致率,比较E-test与K-B法的误差率及相关性。结果 E-test与琼脂稀释法测得的100株淋球菌对五种抗生素的50%最小抑菌浓度MIC50、MIC90以及MIC值范围大多完全相同或仅相差0.5~1.5个稀释度,两种方法具有较高的基本一致率(72%~98%),其中一致率最高的是环丙沙星(98%),其次是阿奇霉素(92%),一致率最低的是青霉素(72%)。除青霉素E-test误差率(22%)高于K-B法(12%)外,其余四种抗生素E-test的误差率均低于K-B法,且与琼脂稀释法的相关性高于K-B法。结论环丙沙星和阿奇霉素的E-test可以作为琼脂稀释法的替代方法应用于临床,头孢曲松和大观霉素的E-test可能导致结果偏低,而青霉素由于同时具有较低的一致率和较高的误差率,则不适宜采用。 展开更多
关键词 淋病奈瑟菌 琼脂稀释法 E-TEST 纸片扩散法
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In Vitro Inhibitory Activity of the Leaf Methanol Extract of Green Tea (<i>Camellia sinensis</i>) against <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i>and <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>Isolated of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) 被引量:1
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作者 P. Akbary 《Advances in Microbiology》 2014年第12期829-834,共6页
Camellia sinensis Linn is a well-known medical herb that grows in various parts of the world. In the current study, the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract from C. sinensis leaves against Lactococcus garvieae a... Camellia sinensis Linn is a well-known medical herb that grows in various parts of the world. In the current study, the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract from C. sinensis leaves against Lactococcus garvieae and Aeromanas hydrophila isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was investigated. The growth inhibitory effects of green tea extract was determined by disc diffusion method (3 times on different days), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using serial dilution and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). For the L. garvieae and A. hydrophila, the zone diameter inhibition (ZDI) of extract ranged 2.30 - 16.5 mm. The highest ZDI (16.50 ± 1.12 mm) for L. garvieae was observed at 100 mg&bull;ml-1 and for A. hydrophila (16.20 ± 0.95 mm) at 250 mg&bull;ml-1 concentration of green tea extract (P &bull;ml-1 concentrations of extract, ZDI values of A. hydrophila and L. garvieae showed significant difference (P < 0.05). The lowest MIC value for the extract was 0.8 mg&bull;ml-1 against both L. garvieae and A. hydrophila. From the results of the present study, it can be concluded that methanol extract of C. sinenses leaves could be effective for the inhibition of A. hydrophila and L. garvieae in rainbow trout. 展开更多
关键词 ANTIBACTERIAL Activity CAMELLIA SINENSIS disc diffusion Plant Extract
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Bioactive metabolite profiles and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts from Muntingia calabura L. leaves and stems 被引量:1
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作者 William Patrick Cruiz Buhian Raquel Orejudos Rubio +1 位作者 Demetrio Lim Valle Jr. Juliana Janet Martin-Puzon 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》 SCIE CAS 2016年第8期682-685,共4页
Objective: To determine the bioactive phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of leaf and stem ethanolic extracts from Muntingia calabura L.(M. calabura).Methods: Dried leaves and stems of M. calabura were extracted... Objective: To determine the bioactive phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of leaf and stem ethanolic extracts from Muntingia calabura L.(M. calabura).Methods: Dried leaves and stems of M. calabura were extracted with 95% ethanol. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts were examined using the disc diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of each extract showing antimicrobial activity was determined. The dried extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening to determine the presence of bioactive components. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method and the aluminum chloride method, respectively.Results: Varying degrees of antimicrobial activity were exhibited by the leaf and stem extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa), Salmonella typhimurium,Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans(C. albicans),with minimal activity against Escherichia coli. Based on the MIC, the extracts showed the highest activity against C. albicans, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of sterols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and tannins in the leaf extract; however, no triterpenes were detected. In the stem extract,triterpenes were detected along with relative amounts of flavonoids, saponins, glycosides and tannins. Alkaloids and sterols were absent in the stem extract.Conclusions: M. calabura leaf and stem ethanol extracts are potential sources of antibacterial agents against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. This study reports for the first time the high degree of antifungal activity of M. calabura ethanolic extract, especially against C. albicans. 展开更多
关键词 ANTIBACTERIAL ANTIFUNGAL Bioactive METABOLITES disc diffusion Minimum INHIBITORY concentration Muntingia calabura
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Antimicrobial activity of crude extracts prepared from fungal mycelia
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作者 Andriy Synytsya Jutamart Monkai +4 位作者 Roman Bleha Anna Macurkova Tomas Ruml Juhee Ahn Ekachai Chukeatirote 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》 SCIE CAS 2017年第3期257-261,共5页
Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial property of three different partitioned extracts(petroleum ether, ethanol and water) prepared from some fungal mycelia.Methods: Seven fungal mycelia were prepared, ini... Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial property of three different partitioned extracts(petroleum ether, ethanol and water) prepared from some fungal mycelia.Methods: Seven fungal mycelia were prepared, initially extracted with acidified ethanol(0.2 mol/L HCl in 80% ethanol), yielding the raw crude extracts. The obtained extracts were then further partitioned with petroleum ether(F1), ethanol(F2) and water(F3). All the fractions were tested for antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion assay.Results: Our data showed that all the fractions could inhibit the testing bacteria.However, the inhibitory activity was found to be dependent on(i) the fungal strains used;(ii) the solvent extracted; and(iii) the testing bacteria assayed. In general, the ethanolic extracts(F2) derived from all fungi displayed highest inhibitory activity against the testing bacteria except for Chaetomium sp.Conclusions: The findings of the present study concluded that the extracts prepared from the fungal mycelia had the bioactive compounds with antibacterial property. This study is a pioneering work and further study should be carried out for development of the new drug leads. 展开更多
关键词 Antimicrobial activity disc diffusion Fungal mycelia Partitioned extracts
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Bio-Prospecting for Broad Spectrum Antibiotic Producing Actinomycetes Isolated from Virgin Soils in Kericho County, Kenya
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作者 Mercy Chepkurui Rotich Esther Magiri +1 位作者 Christine Bii Naomi Maina 《Advances in Microbiology》 2017年第1期56-70,共15页
Antimicrobial drug resistance is a rising concern in the treatment of infectious diseases and necessitates the need for discovery of novel, potent antimicrobial compounds to combat antibiotic resistance. Since natural... Antimicrobial drug resistance is a rising concern in the treatment of infectious diseases and necessitates the need for discovery of novel, potent antimicrobial compounds to combat antibiotic resistance. Since natural environment remains a potential source of novel antimicrobial products, this preliminary study was performed to test the potential of soils from Kericho County for antibiotic-producing Actinomycetes. Soil samples (214) were randomly collected from virgin soils of Kipkelion East, Kipkelion West, Belgut, Ainamoi, Sigowet and Bureti sub-counties in Kericho County from a depth of between 11 cm - 16 cm from the surface of the soil profile. A total of 107 Actinomycetes were isolated and screening was done using modified agar disc diffusion method of which only 39 (36.4%) showed antimicrobial activity against five of the six test isolates that included reference strains Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) and three clinical strains Trichophyton mentagrophyte, Microsporum gypseum and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Two of the isolates showed activity against MRSA and four isolates showed a higher potency than the standard drug Chloramphenicol (30 μg) against S. aureus. Most of the isolates (41.0%) also showed good antimicrobial activity against T. mentagrophyte, though they lower than the control drug Itraconazole (2 μg/ml), they were statistically significant. DNA from the isolates was extracted and the 16S rRNA gene was amplified using primers specific for Actinomycetes. The amplified gene was sequenced and phylogeny analysis was done. The 16S rRNA gene was able to be amplified in only 15 of these isolates. Sequencing showed that 93.3% were of the genus Streptomyces while 6.7% were of the genus Rhodococcus. From the results, the soils from this region harbour Actinomycetes that may have good potential of producing novel antibiotics against gram positive bacteria and dermatophytes. 展开更多
关键词 ACTINOMYCETES ANTIMICROBIAL Activity Kericho COUNTY disc diffusion 16S RRNA
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The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of ESKAPE pathogens from urinary tract infections in a referral laboratory,Northeast Iran
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作者 Mohammad Salehi Abdolmajid Ghasemian +2 位作者 Seyyed Khalil Shokouhi Mostafavi Farshad Nojoomi Mohammad Karim Rahimi 《Journal of Coastal Life Medicine》 2016年第12期980-982,共3页
Objective:To assess the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ESKAPE pathogens from Neyshabur,Iran during 2013-2015.Methods:A total of 345 isolates including 62 Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus),38 Enterobacter spp.(i... Objective:To assess the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ESKAPE pathogens from Neyshabur,Iran during 2013-2015.Methods:A total of 345 isolates including 62 Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus),38 Enterobacter spp.(including 14 Enterobacter agglomerans,6 Enterobacter aerogenes and other 18 Enterobacter spp.),123 Enterococcus faecium,78 Klebsiella pneumonia,10 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 34 Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated.The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates was conducted with Kirby Bauer method.Data were analyzed with SPSS 20.0 software using F-and t-tests.Results:Among S.aureus isolates,the highest resistance was observed against nalidixic acid(81.35%)and cefixime(74.50%).Thirty-three(53.22%)S.aureus isolates were cefoxitin resistant(methicillin-resistant S.aureus).The majority of Enterobacter species was resistant to amikacin(100.00%)and cephalotin(66.60%).Most Enterococcus faecium isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid(89.43%)and amikacin(83.33%),but vancomycin-resistant enterococci isolates were not detected.Moreover,among Klebsiella pneumonia,the highest resistance was observed to nalidixic acid(20.98%)and cotrimoxazole(28.39%).Furthermore,all Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were resistant to cefotaxime(100.00%)and majority to nitroforantoin(88.80%).Acinetobacter baumannii isolates showed the highest and the lowest resistance to cefotaxime(100.00%)and cefixime(88.71%),respectively.Conclusions:The prevalence of ESKAPE pathogens from northeast region was low,but majority of them exhibited high rate of antibiotic resistance to common used antimicrobial agents. 展开更多
关键词 ESKAPE pathogens disc diffusion Antimicrobial resistance Neyshabur Iran
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Antibacterial potential of some plants of traditional use in India against pathogenic strains of S.aureus
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作者 Abdul Viqar Khan Qamar Uddin Ahmed Athar Ali Khan 《Journal of Coastal Life Medicine》 2015年第3期204-210,共7页
Objective:To evaluate antibacterial sensitivity of 43 ethnomedicinally important plants belonging to 25 different families from Western Uttar Pradesh,a northern province in India,against hospital isolated pathogenic s... Objective:To evaluate antibacterial sensitivity of 43 ethnomedicinally important plants belonging to 25 different families from Western Uttar Pradesh,a northern province in India,against hospital isolated pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).Methods:Methanol(MeOH)and aqueous extracts of plants were subjected to sensitivity test against S.aureus ATCC 25953 and two hospital isolated virulent strains of S.aureus SA1 and SA2 following disc diffusion assay to determine sensitivity and agar dilution method to test minimum inhibition concentration using Mueller-Hinton agar.Results:Potential antibacterial activity was recorded for MeOH extracts against test pathogens,while moderate antibacterial activity was observed in case of aqueous extracts.Out of 43 plant species,39 species were found sensitive to tested strains.Minimum inhibition concentration values of MeOH extracts were demonstrated at low concentration ranging from 15.5 mg/mL up to 45.5 mg/mL compared to aqueous extracts which were observed ranging from 30.0 mg/mL up to 95.0 mg/mL.Conclusions:The present findings strongly support traditional uses of these plants in the treatment of infectious maladies and further urge of phytochemical and pharmacological research to develop safer and cheaper drugs for the benefit of ailing humanity. 展开更多
关键词 Antibacterial sensitivity Crude extracts Ethnobotanical plants Traditional uses S.aureus disc diffusion MIC
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Evaluation of antibacterial activity of the brown Seaweed Turbinaria ornata(Turner)J.Agardh from Egypt
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作者 Fatma Mohamed Elnabawy Ward Mohamed Ali Deyab 《Journal of Coastal Life Medicine》 2016年第8期603-607,共5页
Objective:To investigate the potential antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts of Turbinaria ornata(T.ornata),Oleic acid(OA)and palmitic acid(PA)extracted from T.ornata as well as mixtures of OA and PA(1:1)agains... Objective:To investigate the potential antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts of Turbinaria ornata(T.ornata),Oleic acid(OA)and palmitic acid(PA)extracted from T.ornata as well as mixtures of OA and PA(1:1)against some bacterial species.Methods:Brown seaweed T.ornata was collected from Hurghada shores,Red Sea coast of Egypt.OA and PA were extracted from T.ornata.Ethanol extracts of T.ornata,OA,PA and mixtures of these two fatty acids(1:1)were tested for their antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli,Bacillus cereus,Bacillus subtilis,Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus by the disc diffusion method.Results:Ethanol extracts of T.ornata,OA,PA and mixtures of OA and PA(1:1)showed antibacterial activities that increased significantly(least significant difference at 0.05 level)with increasing concentrations against all tested bacteria.Different concentrations of ethanol extracts of T.ornata and extracted OA showed its highest activity against Bacillus subtilis,while PA and mixtures of PA and OA(1:1)showed its highest activity against Bacillus cereus.The maximum inhibition activities were shown for mixtures of OA and PA(1:1).Scanning electron microscope showed that mixtures of OA and PA(1:1)caused plasmolysis and reduction in cell size of Escherichia coli.Conclusions:Different concentrations of T.ornata and its fatty acids showed activities against all tested bacteria.Therefore,it is a potential source of natural antimicrobial compounds. 展开更多
关键词 Turbinaria ornata BACTERIA Seaweeds disc diffusion method Fatty acids PHAEOPHYTA
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黑洞吸积的随机扩散模型研究
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作者 董典桥 王俊义 +3 位作者 仇洪冰 安涛 符杰林 陆相龙 《天文学进展》 CSCD 北大核心 2016年第2期238-248,共11页
基于流体力学理论对黑洞吸积构建了一个线性扩散模型,为了简化模型,假设粘滞系数ν与面密度Σ是独立的。对吸积黑洞光变建立了一个随机模型(OU过程),并证明得到这个多维OU过程是存在扰动场的扩散模型的解。将OU过程应用于光变曲线拟合,... 基于流体力学理论对黑洞吸积构建了一个线性扩散模型,为了简化模型,假设粘滞系数ν与面密度Σ是独立的。对吸积黑洞光变建立了一个随机模型(OU过程),并证明得到这个多维OU过程是存在扰动场的扩散模型的解。将OU过程应用于光变曲线拟合,结果表明:OU过程能很好地拟合光变曲线,有助于进一步了解吸积系统中心结构以及研究光变特性。 展开更多
关键词 黑洞 吸积盘 线性扩散 OU过程
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Comparative study of hypoglycemic and antibacterial activity of organic extracts of four Bangladeshi plants
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作者 Mohammad Shah Hafez Kabir Shabbir Ahmad +5 位作者 Md.Sofi Mahamoud Nishan Chakrabarty Md.Akramul Hoque Mohammed Munawar Hossain Md.Nazim Uddin Chy Mohammed Shoibe 《Journal of Coastal Life Medicine》 2016年第3期231-235,共5页
Objective:To examine hypoglycemic and antibacterial activity against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria of organic extracts of four Bangladeshi plants.Methods:An in vivo hypoglycemic effect on mice model wa... Objective:To examine hypoglycemic and antibacterial activity against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria of organic extracts of four Bangladeshi plants.Methods:An in vivo hypoglycemic effect on mice model was used to check the hypoglycemic effect of four Bangladeshi herbal organic extracts viz.,roots of Curculigo recurvata W.T.Aiton(Satipata)(C.recurvata),leaf of Amorphophallus bulbifer Roxb.(Olkachu)(A.bulbifer),whole plant of Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb.(Nillata)(T.grandiflora)and leaf of Steudnera colocasiifolia K.Koch(Yunnan)(S.colocasiifolia)using glibenclamide as a positive control and water as a negative control.They were also tested for antibacterial activity on three Grampositive and four Gram-negative bacteria by disk diffusion method.C.recurvata,A.bulbifer and T.grandiflora were extracted with methanol and S.colocasiifolia was extracted with ethanol.Results:Among all the plant extract,only ethanol extract of S.colocasiifolia leaves at 800 mg/kg dose significantly(P<0.01)reduced fasting glucose level in normal mice as compared to standard drug glibenclamide(5 mg/kg).Ethanol extract of S.colocasiifolia leaves at 800 mg/kg dose decreased 20.28%of blood glucose level after 2 h of administration in normal mice,where glibenclamide decreased 39.63%.Methanol extract of T.grandiflora didn’t show any zone of inhibition against the tested bacteria,but other three extracts showed a wide range of zone of inhibition.However,none of the extract showed antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria.Methanol extract of C.recurvata showed maximum zone of inhibition against Bacillus cereus[(10.50±0.50)mm],Salmonella typhi[(16.20±1.26)mm],Escherichia coli[(13.00±1.00)mm]and ethanol extract of S.colocasiifolia showed maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus[(11.20±1.26)mm],Bacillus subtilis[(12.00±0.50)mm],Salmonella paratyphi[(10.80±0.29)mm].Only methanol extract of A.bulbifer showed(8.50±0.50)mm and(7.20±0.76)mm zone of inhibition against Pseudomomas aeruginosa at 1000 and 800� 展开更多
关键词 Curculigo recurvata Steudnera colocasiifolia HYPOGLYCEMIC ANTIBACTERIAL disc diffusion method
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Determination of the prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase in clinical samples collected from Dehradun City Hospital
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作者 Narayan Sharma Ripan Mujumdar Rajeev Kumar Gautam 《Journal of Coastal Life Medicine》 2016年第7期568-572,共5页
Objective:To detect extended spectrumβ-lactamase(ESBL)and determine its prevalence in various clinical samples collected from Dehradun City Hospital.Methods:The samples were first cultured in MacConkey’s agar plates... Objective:To detect extended spectrumβ-lactamase(ESBL)and determine its prevalence in various clinical samples collected from Dehradun City Hospital.Methods:The samples were first cultured in MacConkey’s agar plates by streak plate method,then identified by Gram staining and biochemical tests.The isolated bacterial strains were then tested for antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer method.The ESBL detection is then carried out by double disc diffusion method.Results:Off the 56 samples cultured,21 strains were identified which were six Escherichia coli(E.coli),six Klebsiella,four Proteus,four Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa)and only one Acinetobacter.Eight out of 21(38.1%)strains including three of E.coli,three of Klebsiella and two of P.aeruginosa,were found to be resistance to all five antibiotics(piperacillin,amikacin,ampicillin,gentamicin,and ciprofloxacin).Initial screening using four antibiotics(cefotaxime,ceftazidime,aztreonam and ceftriaxone)and the final confirmatory test using ceftazidime/clavulanic acid and ceftazidime alone showed that 19.05%of all strains isolated were ESBL producers.Individually,16.67%E.coli,16.67%Klebsiella pneumoniae,25%P.aeruginosa and 100%Acinetobacter were found to be ESBL producers.Conclusions:Antibiotic resistance by ESBL has become a major risk factor worldwide,therefore routine checkup and accordingly prescription are suggested. 展开更多
关键词 Antibiotic resistance Antimicrobial susceptibility test Double disc diffusion method Prevalence of extended spectrum Β-LACTAMASE
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Anti-enteric bacterial activity of the traditional medicinal plants of Kanyakumari coast,Tamilnadu,India
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作者 Suyambu Rajan Parameshwaran Suvetha +1 位作者 Thiyagarajan Thirunalasundari Solomon Jeeva 《Journal of Coastal Life Medicine》 2015年第8期640-644,共5页
Objective:To evaluate the antimicrobial potentials of 6 traditionally used medicinal plants to treat gastrointestinal infection against pathogenic bacteria,as most of the pathogens develop drug resistance against comm... Objective:To evaluate the antimicrobial potentials of 6 traditionally used medicinal plants to treat gastrointestinal infection against pathogenic bacteria,as most of the pathogens develop drug resistance against commonly used antibiotics.Methods:Crude extracts from different parts of different plants were tested against bacterial strains of clinical significance.Extraction of bioactive principles was done with water and ethanol.Evaluation of antibacterial activity was done by disc diffusion assay against selected bacterial stains.Results:Of the 6 different plant materials tested,extracts prepared from Psidium guajava leaves showed significantly higher efficacy.Extracts prepared using alcohol exhibited higher antibacterial activity when compared to their corresponding aqueous extracts.Conclusions:The findings of the present study suggested that phytochemical extracts of the presently studied plant materials possess significant anti-enteric bacterial activity,and thus lend pharmacological credibility to the suggested traditional use of the plant as a natural remedy for the treatment,management and/or control of gastrointestinal diseases in the coastal tracts of Kanyakumari district,Tamilnadu,India. 展开更多
关键词 Antibacterial activity disc diffusion assay Enteric bacteria Plant extracts
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Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of selected medicinal plants from Algeria
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作者 Krimat Soumia Dob Tahar +3 位作者 Lamari Lynda Boumeridja Saida Chelghoum Chabane Metidji Hafidha 《Journal of Coastal Life Medicine》 2014年第6期478-483,共6页
Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract extracts of selected Algerian medicinal plants.Methods:Antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated in terms of radical scavengi... Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract extracts of selected Algerian medicinal plants.Methods:Antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated in terms of radical scavenging potential(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)and β-carotene bleaching assay.Total phenolic contents and flavonoid contents were also measured.Antimicrobial activity of these plants was examined against Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans.Results:The values of IC_(50) ranged from 4.30μg/mL to 486.6μg/mL for the DPPH method,while total antioxidant activity using β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay ranged from 17.03%to 86.13%.It was found that Pistacia lentiscus showed the highest antioxidant capacities using DPPH assay(IC_(50)=4.30μg/mL),while Populus trimula,Origanum glandulosum,Centaurea calcitrapa,Sysimbrium officinalis and Rhamnus alaternus showed the highest percent of total antioxidant activity in β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay.Total phenolic and flavonoid contents ranged from 3.96 to 259.65 mg GAE/g extract and from 1.13 to 26.84 mg QE/g extract,respectively.The most interesting antimicrobial activity was obtained from Sysimbrium officinalis,Rhamnus alaternus,Origanum glandulosum,Cupressus sempervirens,Pinus halipensis and Centaurea calcitrapa.Conclusions:The results indicated that the plants tested may be potential sources for isolation of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds. 展开更多
关键词 Antioxidant activity DPPH Antimicrobial activity disc diffusion method Total phenolic content Total flavonoid content
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1999~2002年北京、广东、湖北和辽宁地区大肠埃希氏菌及肺炎克雷伯氏菌临床分离株耐药性比较分析 被引量:91
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作者 马越 李景云 +4 位作者 张新妹 许明哲 张力 胡昌勤 金少鸿 《中国抗生素杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第4期226-234,256,共10页
目的 调查 1999年~ 2 0 0 2年国家细菌耐药性监测网不同地区大肠埃希氏菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌临床分离株的耐药性 ,比较不同来源菌株耐药率间的差别。方法 药物敏感性试验采用纸片扩散法 ,WHONET5软件进行结果分析。结果 四年间共收集... 目的 调查 1999年~ 2 0 0 2年国家细菌耐药性监测网不同地区大肠埃希氏菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌临床分离株的耐药性 ,比较不同来源菌株耐药率间的差别。方法 药物敏感性试验采用纸片扩散法 ,WHONET5软件进行结果分析。结果 四年间共收集大肠埃希氏菌 14 80 3株和肺炎克雷伯氏菌 792 3株。尿液、痰和血液等是大肠埃希氏菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌临床分离株的主要标本来源。 1999~ 2 0 0 2年 ,北京、广东、湖北和辽宁地区大肠埃希氏菌临床分离株对亚胺培南最敏感 ,其次为头孢他啶和阿米卡星。在全部大肠埃希氏菌临床分离株中 ,广东地区的菌株对头孢噻肟的耐药率最高 ,2 0 0 2年增加到 37.2 %。环丙沙星的耐药率超过 5 0 % ,复方磺胺甲口恶唑和四环素的耐药率分别为 6 7.4 %~ 86 .0 %和 72 .3%~ 84 .4 %。肺炎克雷伯氏菌临床分离株对亚胺培南最敏感 ,其次为头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、阿米卡星和环丙沙星。 1999~ 2 0 0 2年 ,除北京分离菌株对头孢噻肟和头孢他啶的耐药率无明显变化外 ,广东、湖北和辽宁地区的分离菌株对头孢噻肟和头孢他啶的耐药率有明显增高 ,环丙沙星的耐药率也有一定程度的增高。湖北地区肺炎克雷伯氏菌临床分离株对氨曲南的耐药率四年间增加了 13.0 %。北京、广东、湖北和辽宁地区产超广谱 β-? 展开更多
关键词 大肠埃希氏菌 肺炎克雷伯氏菌 纸片扩散法 耐药率 超广谱Β-内酰胺酶
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