In many equipment manufacturing industries, firms compete with each other not only on products price, but also on maintenance service. More and more traditional products oriented finns are offering their customers pro...In many equipment manufacturing industries, firms compete with each other not only on products price, but also on maintenance service. More and more traditional products oriented finns are offering their customers products bundled with maintenance service （P＆S bundles）. In this study, we examine finns＇ incentive to offer customers products bundling with long-term maintenance or repair support service in a duopoly competitive environment. When providing P＆S bundles, a finn need to determine the service level （in terms of average response time guarantee for the service in this paper） to offer and needs to build a service facility to handle the maintenance service requirements. Based on the analysis of three sub-game models, we characterize the market conditions in which only one firm, both finns or neither finn will offer P＆S bundles. Finally, we analyze the affects of serval market factors on firms＇ strategy choices.展开更多
本文从生鲜零售的实际出发,剖析线上平台及线下实体店销售生鲜品时呈现的不同特征,以两个指标来刻画线上/线下渠道间的差异——生鲜感知度差异和价格敏感度差异,构建了带有这两个差异指标的生鲜消费者效用函数,找出了令两个渠道共存的...本文从生鲜零售的实际出发,剖析线上平台及线下实体店销售生鲜品时呈现的不同特征,以两个指标来刻画线上/线下渠道间的差异——生鲜感知度差异和价格敏感度差异,构建了带有这两个差异指标的生鲜消费者效用函数,找出了令两个渠道共存的差异指标阈值条件。基于此,本文面向同时拥有线上和线下渠道的生鲜零售商,建立引入BOPS(buy online pick-up in store线上下单线下自提)服务前、引入BOPS服务后,以及为自提的消费提供增值服务三种情形下的决策模型,对比分析对应的最优零售价、渠道间分割的需求份额以及相应利润。结果表明:BOPS服务会引导零售商降低零售价格,刺激线上渠道的需求量;并通过额外的增值服务努力,能够吸引自提顾客产生对其他产品的需求,带来利润的增加;线上/线下渠道间的差异度指标对最优决策和利润的影响不尽相同,生鲜度感知差异指标越大、价格敏感差异指标越小,生鲜零售商借由BOPS服务获得的利润增量越大。展开更多
As one of the fastest growing wireless access technologies, wireless LANs must evolve to support adequate degrees of service differentiation. Unfortunately, current WLAN standards like IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordina...As one of the fastest growing wireless access technologies, wireless LANs must evolve to support adequate degrees of service differentiation. Unfortunately, current WLAN standards like IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function （DCF） lack this ability. Work is in progress to define an enhanced version capable of supporting QoS for multimedia traffic at the MAC layer. In this paper, we aim at gaining insight into three mechanisms to differentiate among traffic categories, i.e., differentiating the minimum contention window size, the Inter-Frame Spacing （IFS）, and the length of the packet payload according to the priority of different traffic categories. We propose an analysis model to compute the throughput and packet transmission delays. In addition, we derive approximations to obtain simpler but more meaningful relationships among different parameters. Comparisons with discrete-event simulation results show that good accuracy of performance evaluation can be achieved by using the proposed analysis model.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61174171)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+2 种基金the soft science project of Shaanxi ProvinceState-Sponsored Study Abroad Program of China(CSC)the School of Computer Science,University of Nottingham
文摘In many equipment manufacturing industries, firms compete with each other not only on products price, but also on maintenance service. More and more traditional products oriented finns are offering their customers products bundled with maintenance service （P＆S bundles）. In this study, we examine finns＇ incentive to offer customers products bundling with long-term maintenance or repair support service in a duopoly competitive environment. When providing P＆S bundles, a finn need to determine the service level （in terms of average response time guarantee for the service in this paper） to offer and needs to build a service facility to handle the maintenance service requirements. Based on the analysis of three sub-game models, we characterize the market conditions in which only one firm, both finns or neither finn will offer P＆S bundles. Finally, we analyze the affects of serval market factors on firms＇ strategy choices.
文摘本文从生鲜零售的实际出发,剖析线上平台及线下实体店销售生鲜品时呈现的不同特征,以两个指标来刻画线上/线下渠道间的差异——生鲜感知度差异和价格敏感度差异,构建了带有这两个差异指标的生鲜消费者效用函数,找出了令两个渠道共存的差异指标阈值条件。基于此,本文面向同时拥有线上和线下渠道的生鲜零售商,建立引入BOPS(buy online pick-up in store线上下单线下自提)服务前、引入BOPS服务后,以及为自提的消费提供增值服务三种情形下的决策模型,对比分析对应的最优零售价、渠道间分割的需求份额以及相应利润。结果表明:BOPS服务会引导零售商降低零售价格,刺激线上渠道的需求量;并通过额外的增值服务努力,能够吸引自提顾客产生对其他产品的需求,带来利润的增加;线上/线下渠道间的差异度指标对最优决策和利润的影响不尽相同,生鲜度感知差异指标越大、价格敏感差异指标越小,生鲜零售商借由BOPS服务获得的利润增量越大。
基金Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60572144)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Prov-ince (Grant No. 2005F27)+1 种基金the Chinese Government Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-06-0876)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, and the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of NPU (Grant No. W016207)
文摘As one of the fastest growing wireless access technologies, wireless LANs must evolve to support adequate degrees of service differentiation. Unfortunately, current WLAN standards like IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function （DCF） lack this ability. Work is in progress to define an enhanced version capable of supporting QoS for multimedia traffic at the MAC layer. In this paper, we aim at gaining insight into three mechanisms to differentiate among traffic categories, i.e., differentiating the minimum contention window size, the Inter-Frame Spacing （IFS）, and the length of the packet payload according to the priority of different traffic categories. We propose an analysis model to compute the throughput and packet transmission delays. In addition, we derive approximations to obtain simpler but more meaningful relationships among different parameters. Comparisons with discrete-event simulation results show that good accuracy of performance evaluation can be achieved by using the proposed analysis model.
