Most of the existing multivariable grey models are based on the 1-order derivative and 1-order accumulation, which makes the parameters unable to be adjusted according to the data characteristics of the actual problem...Most of the existing multivariable grey models are based on the 1-order derivative and 1-order accumulation, which makes the parameters unable to be adjusted according to the data characteristics of the actual problems. The results about fractional derivative multivariable grey models are very few at present. In this paper, a multivariable Caputo fractional derivative grey model with convolution integral CFGMC(q, N) is proposed. First, the Caputo fractional difference is used to discretize the model, and the least square method is used to solve the parameters. The orders of accumulations and differential equations are determined by using particle swarm optimization(PSO). Then, the analytical solution of the model is obtained by using the Laplace transform, and the convergence and divergence of series in analytical solutions are also discussed. Finally, the CFGMC(q, N) model is used to predict the municipal solid waste(MSW). Compared with other competition models, the model has the best prediction effect. This study enriches the model form of the multivariable grey model, expands the scope of application, and provides a new idea for the development of fractional derivative grey model.展开更多
Hypocrellins are most suitable for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of the diseases occurring in the superficial layer, such as microvascular diseases, because of their special absorption spectral properties. However, hypoc...Hypocrellins are most suitable for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of the diseases occurring in the superficial layer, such as microvascular diseases, because of their special absorption spectral properties. However, hypocrellins and most of their derivatives are basically lipophilic, while the hydrophilic derivatives lose the PDT activity in vivo. Therefore, the key problem for practical application of PDT of microvascular diseases focuses on finding the derivatives which possess optimized amphiphilicity. Herein, we developed a theoretical method to estimate the amphiphilicity of a molecule by the calculated average polarity. Compared with the experimentally measured results, the method is proved to be applicable. Based on the computation and available experimental results, it can be concluded that the derivative must have the polarities around 0.22 for optimized amphiphilicity.展开更多
In this paper, we present a blind steganalysis based on feature fusion. Features based on Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), which consists of second-order derivative spectrum features of audio and Mel-frequency cep...In this paper, we present a blind steganalysis based on feature fusion. Features based on Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), which consists of second-order derivative spectrum features of audio and Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients, audio quality metrics and features on linear prediction residue are extracted separately. Then feature fusion is conducted. The performance of the proposed steganalysis is evaluated against 4 steganographic schemes: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), Quantization Index Modulation (QIM), ECHO embedding (ECHO), and Least Significant Bit em-bedding (LSB). Experiment results show that the classifying performance of the proposed detector is much superior to the previous work. Even more exciting is that the proposed methodology could detect the four steganography, with 85%+ classification accuracy achieved in all the detections, which makes the proposed steganalysis methodology capable of being regarded as a blind steganalysis, and especially useful when the steganalyzer are without the knowledge of the steganographic scheme employed in data embedding.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51479151,61403288)。
文摘Most of the existing multivariable grey models are based on the 1-order derivative and 1-order accumulation, which makes the parameters unable to be adjusted according to the data characteristics of the actual problems. The results about fractional derivative multivariable grey models are very few at present. In this paper, a multivariable Caputo fractional derivative grey model with convolution integral CFGMC(q, N) is proposed. First, the Caputo fractional difference is used to discretize the model, and the least square method is used to solve the parameters. The orders of accumulations and differential equations are determined by using particle swarm optimization(PSO). Then, the analytical solution of the model is obtained by using the Laplace transform, and the convergence and divergence of series in analytical solutions are also discussed. Finally, the CFGMC(q, N) model is used to predict the municipal solid waste(MSW). Compared with other competition models, the model has the best prediction effect. This study enriches the model form of the multivariable grey model, expands the scope of application, and provides a new idea for the development of fractional derivative grey model.
文摘Hypocrellins are most suitable for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of the diseases occurring in the superficial layer, such as microvascular diseases, because of their special absorption spectral properties. However, hypocrellins and most of their derivatives are basically lipophilic, while the hydrophilic derivatives lose the PDT activity in vivo. Therefore, the key problem for practical application of PDT of microvascular diseases focuses on finding the derivatives which possess optimized amphiphilicity. Herein, we developed a theoretical method to estimate the amphiphilicity of a molecule by the calculated average polarity. Compared with the experimentally measured results, the method is proved to be applicable. Based on the computation and available experimental results, it can be concluded that the derivative must have the polarities around 0.22 for optimized amphiphilicity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61071173)
文摘In this paper, we present a blind steganalysis based on feature fusion. Features based on Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), which consists of second-order derivative spectrum features of audio and Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients, audio quality metrics and features on linear prediction residue are extracted separately. Then feature fusion is conducted. The performance of the proposed steganalysis is evaluated against 4 steganographic schemes: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), Quantization Index Modulation (QIM), ECHO embedding (ECHO), and Least Significant Bit em-bedding (LSB). Experiment results show that the classifying performance of the proposed detector is much superior to the previous work. Even more exciting is that the proposed methodology could detect the four steganography, with 85%+ classification accuracy achieved in all the detections, which makes the proposed steganalysis methodology capable of being regarded as a blind steganalysis, and especially useful when the steganalyzer are without the knowledge of the steganographic scheme employed in data embedding.
