脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON),又称呕吐毒素,是由小麦赤霉病菌禾谷镰刀菌复合群(Fusariumgraminearum species complex)产生的单端孢霉烯族毒素,毒素在小麦籽粒中累积。作为B型单端孢霉烯族毒素,DON可以引起呕吐、拒食、腹泻、出血甚至死亡...脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON),又称呕吐毒素,是由小麦赤霉病菌禾谷镰刀菌复合群(Fusariumgraminearum species complex)产生的单端孢霉烯族毒素,毒素在小麦籽粒中累积。作为B型单端孢霉烯族毒素,DON可以引起呕吐、拒食、腹泻、出血甚至死亡,对猪的危害尤其严重。近年来,小麦赤霉病在世界各地高频率流行,尤其在中国长江中下游小麦生产区以及黄淮部分小麦产区、美国中西部小麦主产区,导致小麦中DON毒素严重超标,并引发了严重的食品安全问题。本文对国内外小麦中DON毒素的污染现状、产毒镰刀菌种类及其化学型的分布及其趋势、毒素产生的调控机制以及小麦中DON毒素的防控途径进行了论述,希望有助于镰刀菌毒素污染小麦质量安全的风险评估、监管以及科学处置。展开更多
Background： The current study was carried out to provide a reference for monitory of aflatoxin B_1（AFB_1）,zearalenone（ZEN） and deoxynivalenol（DON） contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds were colle...Background： The current study was carried out to provide a reference for monitory of aflatoxin B_1（AFB_1）,zearalenone（ZEN） and deoxynivalenol（DON） contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds were collected from different Province in China from 2013 to 2015.Methods： A total of 443 feed ingredients, including 220 corn, 24 wheat, 24 domestic distillers dried grains with soluble（DDGS）, 55 bran, 20 wheat shorts and red dog, 37 imported DDGS, 34 corn germ meal and 29 soybean meal as well as 127 complete feeds including 25 pig complete feed（powder）, 90 pig complete feed（pellet）, six duck complete feed and six cattle complete feed were randomly collected from different Province in China,respectively, by high-performance chromatography in combined with UV or fluorescence analysis.Results： The incidence rates of AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds were80.8, 92.3 and 93.9 %, respectively. The percentage of positive samples for DON ranged from 66.7 to 100 %.Domestic DDGS and imported DDGS presented the most serious contamination AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination levels of feeds ranged from 61.5 to 100 %, indicated that serious contamination over the studied 3-year period.Conclusion： The current data provide clear evidence that AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds in different Province in China is serious and differs over past 3-year. The use of corn, domestic DDGS, imported DDGS and corn germ meal, which may be contaminated with these three mycotoxins, as animal feed may triggered a health risk for animal. Feeds are most contaminated with DON followed by ZEN and AFB_1.Mycotoxins contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds should be monitored routinely in China.展开更多
文摘脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON),又称呕吐毒素,是由小麦赤霉病菌禾谷镰刀菌复合群(Fusariumgraminearum species complex)产生的单端孢霉烯族毒素,毒素在小麦籽粒中累积。作为B型单端孢霉烯族毒素,DON可以引起呕吐、拒食、腹泻、出血甚至死亡,对猪的危害尤其严重。近年来,小麦赤霉病在世界各地高频率流行,尤其在中国长江中下游小麦生产区以及黄淮部分小麦产区、美国中西部小麦主产区,导致小麦中DON毒素严重超标,并引发了严重的食品安全问题。本文对国内外小麦中DON毒素的污染现状、产毒镰刀菌种类及其化学型的分布及其趋势、毒素产生的调控机制以及小麦中DON毒素的防控途径进行了论述,希望有助于镰刀菌毒素污染小麦质量安全的风险评估、监管以及科学处置。
基金supported by the Province Science and Technology Major Project of the Department of Science&Technology of Hunan Province(2015NK1002)Changsha City Science and Technology Program of China(k1508008-21)+1 种基金National Key R&D Program(2016YFD0501208)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31402088,31501964 and31402091)
文摘Background： The current study was carried out to provide a reference for monitory of aflatoxin B_1（AFB_1）,zearalenone（ZEN） and deoxynivalenol（DON） contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds were collected from different Province in China from 2013 to 2015.Methods： A total of 443 feed ingredients, including 220 corn, 24 wheat, 24 domestic distillers dried grains with soluble（DDGS）, 55 bran, 20 wheat shorts and red dog, 37 imported DDGS, 34 corn germ meal and 29 soybean meal as well as 127 complete feeds including 25 pig complete feed（powder）, 90 pig complete feed（pellet）, six duck complete feed and six cattle complete feed were randomly collected from different Province in China,respectively, by high-performance chromatography in combined with UV or fluorescence analysis.Results： The incidence rates of AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds were80.8, 92.3 and 93.9 %, respectively. The percentage of positive samples for DON ranged from 66.7 to 100 %.Domestic DDGS and imported DDGS presented the most serious contamination AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination levels of feeds ranged from 61.5 to 100 %, indicated that serious contamination over the studied 3-year period.Conclusion： The current data provide clear evidence that AFB_1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds in different Province in China is serious and differs over past 3-year. The use of corn, domestic DDGS, imported DDGS and corn germ meal, which may be contaminated with these three mycotoxins, as animal feed may triggered a health risk for animal. Feeds are most contaminated with DON followed by ZEN and AFB_1.Mycotoxins contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds should be monitored routinely in China.
