The pedestrians can only avoid collisions passively under the action of forces during simulations using the social force model, which may lead to unnatural behaviors. This paper proposes an optimization-based model fo...The pedestrians can only avoid collisions passively under the action of forces during simulations using the social force model, which may lead to unnatural behaviors. This paper proposes an optimization-based model for the avoidance of collisions, where the social repulsive force is removed in favor of a search for the quickest path to destination in the pedestrian＇s vision field. In this way, the behaviors of pedestrians are governed by changing their desired walking direction and desired speed. By combining the critical factors of pedestrian movement, such as positions of the exit and obstacles and velocities of the neighbors, the choice of desired velocity has been rendered to a discrete optimization problem. Therefore,it is the self-driven force that leads pedestrians to a free path rather than the repulsive force, which means the pedestrians can actively avoid collisions. The new model is verified by comparing with the fundamental diagram and actual data. The simulation results of individual avoidance trajectories and crowd avoidance behaviors demonstrate the reasonability of the proposed model.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> In order to speed up the global optimization-based mesh smoothing, an enhanced steepest descent method is presented in the paper. Numerical experiment results show tha...<div style="text-align:justify;"> In order to speed up the global optimization-based mesh smoothing, an enhanced steepest descent method is presented in the paper. Numerical experiment results show that the method performs better than the steepest descent method in the global smoothing. We also presented a physically-based interpretation to explain why the method works better than the steepest descent method. </div>展开更多
This paper investigates traffic flow of connected and automated vehicles at lane drop on two-lane highway. We evaluate and compare performance of an optimization-based control algorithm(OCA) with that of a heuristic r...This paper investigates traffic flow of connected and automated vehicles at lane drop on two-lane highway. We evaluate and compare performance of an optimization-based control algorithm(OCA) with that of a heuristic rules-based algorithm(HRA). In the OCA, the average speed of each vehicle is maximized. In the HRA, virtual vehicle and restriction of the command acceleration caused by the virtual vehicle are introduced. It is found that(i) capacity under the HRA(denoted as C_(H)) is smaller than capacity under the OCA;(ii) the travel delay is always smaller under the OCA, but driving is always much more comfortable under the HRA;(iii) when the inflow rate is smaller than C_(H), the HRA outperforms the OCA with respect to the fuel consumption and the monetary cost;(iv) when the inflow rate is larger than C_(H), the HRA initially performs better with respect to the fuel consumption and the monetary cost, but the OCA would become better after certain time. The spatiotemporal pattern and speed profile of traffic flow are presented, which explains the reason underlying the different performance. The study is expected to help for better understanding of the two different types of algorithm.展开更多
针对Hilbert-Huang变换方法中由于信号经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)过程中所存在的端点效应问题,分析了现有数据延拓方式的利弊,并在基于斜率(slope based method,简称SBM)方法以及改进方法(improved slope base...针对Hilbert-Huang变换方法中由于信号经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)过程中所存在的端点效应问题,分析了现有数据延拓方式的利弊,并在基于斜率(slope based method,简称SBM)方法以及改进方法(improved slope based method,简称ISBM)的基础上提出了一种全新的基于斜率再优化(reoptimization slope based method,简称RO-SBM)方法用于信号序列的极值点延拓,然后对延拓后的数据进行EMD分解,得到相应的本征模函数(intrinsic mode function,简称IMF)分量。数值仿真结果表明,采用基于RO-SBM方法进行数据延拓,相比镜像延拓以及ISBM方法,可以更有效地抑制EMD中的端点效应问题,提升HHT方法的信号分析性能。通过基于RO-SBM方法进行数据延拓的HHT方法准确分离出了某转子系统的局部碰摩径向振动信号中所包含的故障特征分量,并将此方法成功应用于旋转机械故障诊断领域。展开更多
基金supported by National Science Foundation of China(Nos.60974040,60834001,61120106009)the Research Award Foundation for the Excellent Youth Scientists of Shandong Province of China(No.BS2011DX010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2011JBM201)
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61233001 and 61322307)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China(Grant No.2013JBZ007)
文摘The pedestrians can only avoid collisions passively under the action of forces during simulations using the social force model, which may lead to unnatural behaviors. This paper proposes an optimization-based model for the avoidance of collisions, where the social repulsive force is removed in favor of a search for the quickest path to destination in the pedestrian＇s vision field. In this way, the behaviors of pedestrians are governed by changing their desired walking direction and desired speed. By combining the critical factors of pedestrian movement, such as positions of the exit and obstacles and velocities of the neighbors, the choice of desired velocity has been rendered to a discrete optimization problem. Therefore,it is the self-driven force that leads pedestrians to a free path rather than the repulsive force, which means the pedestrians can actively avoid collisions. The new model is verified by comparing with the fundamental diagram and actual data. The simulation results of individual avoidance trajectories and crowd avoidance behaviors demonstrate the reasonability of the proposed model.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> In order to speed up the global optimization-based mesh smoothing, an enhanced steepest descent method is presented in the paper. Numerical experiment results show that the method performs better than the steepest descent method in the global smoothing. We also presented a physically-based interpretation to explain why the method works better than the steepest descent method. </div>
基金Project supported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.2021JBZ107)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.72288101 and 71931002)。
文摘This paper investigates traffic flow of connected and automated vehicles at lane drop on two-lane highway. We evaluate and compare performance of an optimization-based control algorithm(OCA) with that of a heuristic rules-based algorithm(HRA). In the OCA, the average speed of each vehicle is maximized. In the HRA, virtual vehicle and restriction of the command acceleration caused by the virtual vehicle are introduced. It is found that(i) capacity under the HRA(denoted as C_(H)) is smaller than capacity under the OCA;(ii) the travel delay is always smaller under the OCA, but driving is always much more comfortable under the HRA;(iii) when the inflow rate is smaller than C_(H), the HRA outperforms the OCA with respect to the fuel consumption and the monetary cost;(iv) when the inflow rate is larger than C_(H), the HRA initially performs better with respect to the fuel consumption and the monetary cost, but the OCA would become better after certain time. The spatiotemporal pattern and speed profile of traffic flow are presented, which explains the reason underlying the different performance. The study is expected to help for better understanding of the two different types of algorithm.
文摘针对Hilbert-Huang变换方法中由于信号经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,简称EMD)过程中所存在的端点效应问题,分析了现有数据延拓方式的利弊,并在基于斜率(slope based method,简称SBM)方法以及改进方法(improved slope based method,简称ISBM)的基础上提出了一种全新的基于斜率再优化(reoptimization slope based method,简称RO-SBM)方法用于信号序列的极值点延拓,然后对延拓后的数据进行EMD分解,得到相应的本征模函数(intrinsic mode function,简称IMF)分量。数值仿真结果表明,采用基于RO-SBM方法进行数据延拓,相比镜像延拓以及ISBM方法,可以更有效地抑制EMD中的端点效应问题,提升HHT方法的信号分析性能。通过基于RO-SBM方法进行数据延拓的HHT方法准确分离出了某转子系统的局部碰摩径向振动信号中所包含的故障特征分量,并将此方法成功应用于旋转机械故障诊断领域。
