This study was designed to screen and characterize antibiotic producing bacteria and fungi from soil samples from a waste dump site in Enugu. The molecular characterization of the isolates was performed by using Zymo ...This study was designed to screen and characterize antibiotic producing bacteria and fungi from soil samples from a waste dump site in Enugu. The molecular characterization of the isolates was performed by using Zymo Research Quick-DNA fungi/bacteria miniprep kit. The bacteria isolates were <i>Providencia stuartii</i>, <i>Providencia alcalifaciens.</i> <i>Bacillus sp.</i>, <i>Streptococcus sp.</i>, <i>Micrococcus sp.</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus sp</i> while <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> and <i>Aspergillus niger</i> were fungal isolates. The efficacy of the Crude Extract (CE) of the antibiotics produced was tested against species of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The CE of antibiotics when compared with a conventional antibiotic (Ciprofloxacin) showed lower antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the crude extracts ranged between 12.5% and 25% concentrations while the minimum bactericidal concentration ranged from 25% and 50% concentrations. The findings suggest that these organisms have the potential to produce antibiotics and could be harnessed by pharmaceutical industries for the production of newer antibiotics.展开更多
The widespread contamination of soils and aquifers by non-aqueous phase liquids （NAPL）, such as crude oil, poses serious environmental and health hazards globally. Understanding the infiltration characteristics of N...The widespread contamination of soils and aquifers by non-aqueous phase liquids （NAPL）, such as crude oil, poses serious environmental and health hazards globally. Understanding the infiltration characteristics of NAPL in soil is crucial in mitigating or remediating soil contamination. The infiltration characteristics of crude and diesel oils into undisturbed loessal soil cores, collected in polymethyl methacrylate cylindrical columns, were investigated under a constant fluid head （3 era） of either crude oil or diesel oil. The infiltration rate of both crude and diesel oils decreased exponentially as wetting depth increased with time. Soil core size and bulk density both had significant effects on NAPL infiltration through the undisturbed soil cores; a smaller core size or a greater bulk density could reduce oil penetration to depth. Compacting soil in areas susceptible to oil spills may be an effective stratage to reduce contamination. The infiltration of NAPL into soil cores was spatially anisotropic and heterogeneous, thus recording the data at four points on the soil core is a good stratage to improve the accuracy of experimental results. Our results revealed that crude and diesel oils, rather than their components, have a practical value for remediation of contaminated loessal soils.展开更多
在油气管道系统中,受数据保密性高、数据采集技术不完善、异常工况发生频率低等因素制约,利用管输数据集进行机器学习模型训练,效果不理想。基于此,以某原油管道为例,分析管输能耗,利用Pipeline Studio TLNET软件对输油泵机组耗电量进...在油气管道系统中,受数据保密性高、数据采集技术不完善、异常工况发生频率低等因素制约,利用管输数据集进行机器学习模型训练,效果不理想。基于此,以某原油管道为例,分析管输能耗,利用Pipeline Studio TLNET软件对输油泵机组耗电量进行仿真,扩充训练数据集。针对管输仿真样本无真实值对照、特征关联、高维等特点,提出一种基于马氏距离的DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise)算法,用于评价仿真样本的可靠度,识别异常仿真数据。基于仿真样本与现场数据样本的机器学习模型训练结果表明,剔除异常数据的仿真样本能够提升模型的拟合能力,由此为管输数据仿真样本的生成与验证提供了新的思路。展开更多
文摘This study was designed to screen and characterize antibiotic producing bacteria and fungi from soil samples from a waste dump site in Enugu. The molecular characterization of the isolates was performed by using Zymo Research Quick-DNA fungi/bacteria miniprep kit. The bacteria isolates were <i>Providencia stuartii</i>, <i>Providencia alcalifaciens.</i> <i>Bacillus sp.</i>, <i>Streptococcus sp.</i>, <i>Micrococcus sp.</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus sp</i> while <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> and <i>Aspergillus niger</i> were fungal isolates. The efficacy of the Crude Extract (CE) of the antibiotics produced was tested against species of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The CE of antibiotics when compared with a conventional antibiotic (Ciprofloxacin) showed lower antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the crude extracts ranged between 12.5% and 25% concentrations while the minimum bactericidal concentration ranged from 25% and 50% concentrations. The findings suggest that these organisms have the potential to produce antibiotics and could be harnessed by pharmaceutical industries for the production of newer antibiotics.
基金supported by the Innovation Team Pro-gram of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Program for Innovative Research Team in University (No IRT0749)
文摘The widespread contamination of soils and aquifers by non-aqueous phase liquids （NAPL）, such as crude oil, poses serious environmental and health hazards globally. Understanding the infiltration characteristics of NAPL in soil is crucial in mitigating or remediating soil contamination. The infiltration characteristics of crude and diesel oils into undisturbed loessal soil cores, collected in polymethyl methacrylate cylindrical columns, were investigated under a constant fluid head （3 era） of either crude oil or diesel oil. The infiltration rate of both crude and diesel oils decreased exponentially as wetting depth increased with time. Soil core size and bulk density both had significant effects on NAPL infiltration through the undisturbed soil cores; a smaller core size or a greater bulk density could reduce oil penetration to depth. Compacting soil in areas susceptible to oil spills may be an effective stratage to reduce contamination. The infiltration of NAPL into soil cores was spatially anisotropic and heterogeneous, thus recording the data at four points on the soil core is a good stratage to improve the accuracy of experimental results. Our results revealed that crude and diesel oils, rather than their components, have a practical value for remediation of contaminated loessal soils.
文摘在油气管道系统中,受数据保密性高、数据采集技术不完善、异常工况发生频率低等因素制约,利用管输数据集进行机器学习模型训练,效果不理想。基于此,以某原油管道为例,分析管输能耗,利用Pipeline Studio TLNET软件对输油泵机组耗电量进行仿真,扩充训练数据集。针对管输仿真样本无真实值对照、特征关联、高维等特点,提出一种基于马氏距离的DBSCAN(Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise)算法,用于评价仿真样本的可靠度,识别异常仿真数据。基于仿真样本与现场数据样本的机器学习模型训练结果表明,剔除异常数据的仿真样本能够提升模型的拟合能力,由此为管输数据仿真样本的生成与验证提供了新的思路。
