It is estimated that 20000 to 30000 new patients are diagnosed with osteonecrosis annually accounting for approximately 10% of the 250000 total hip arthroplasties done annually in the United States. Thelack of level 1...It is estimated that 20000 to 30000 new patients are diagnosed with osteonecrosis annually accounting for approximately 10% of the 250000 total hip arthroplasties done annually in the United States. Thelack of level 1 evidence in the literature makes it difficult to identify optimal treatment protocols to manage patients with pre-collapse avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and early intervention prior to collapse is critical to successful outcomes in joint preserving procedures. There have been a variety of traumatic and atraumatic factors that have been identified as risk factors for osteonecrosis, but the etiology and pathogenesis still remains unclear. Current osteonecrosis diagnosis is dependent upon plain anteroposterior and frog-leg lateral radiographs of the hip, followed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Generally, the first radiographic changes seen by radiograph will be cystic and sclerotic changes in the femoral head. Although the diagnosis may be made by radiograph, plain radiographs are generally insufficient for early diagnosis, therefore MRI is considered the most accurate benchmark. Treatment options include pharmacologic agents such as bisphosphonates and statins, biophysical treatments, as well as joint-preserving and joint-replacing surgeries. the surgical treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head can be divided into two major branches: femoral head sparing procedures(FHSP) and femoral head replacement procedures(FHRP). In general, FHSP are indicated at pre-collapse stages with minimal symptoms whereas FHRP are preferred at post-collapse symptomatic stages. It is difficult to know whether any treatment modality changes the natural history of core decompression since the true natural history of core decompression has not been delineated.展开更多
Osteonecrosis is a phenomenon involving disruption to the vascular supply to the femoral head, resulting in articular surface collapse and eventual osteoarthritis. Although alcoholism, steroid use, and hip trauma rema...Osteonecrosis is a phenomenon involving disruption to the vascular supply to the femoral head, resulting in articular surface collapse and eventual osteoarthritis. Although alcoholism, steroid use, and hip trauma remain the most common causes, several other etiologies for osteonecrosis have been identified. Basic science research utilizing animal models and stem cell applications continue to further elucidate the pathophysiology of osteonecrosis and promise novel treatment options in the future. Clinical studies evaluating modern joint-sparing procedures have demonstrated significant improvements in outcomes, but hip arthroplasty is still the most common procedure performed in these affected younger adults. Further advances in joint-preserving procedures are required and will be widely studied in the coming decade.展开更多
Background： Avascular necrosis of femoral head （AVNFH） typically presents in the young adults and progresses quickly without proper treatments. However, the optimum treatments for early stage of AVNFH are still con...Background： Avascular necrosis of femoral head （AVNFH） typically presents in the young adults and progresses quickly without proper treatments. However, the optimum treatments for early stage of AVNFH are still controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of multiple small-diameter drilling decompression combined with hip arthroscopy for early AVNFH compared to drilling alone. Methods： This is a nonrandomized retrospective case series study. Between April 2006 and November 2010, 60 patients （98 hips） with early stage AVNFH participated in this study. The patients underwent multiple small-diameter drilling decompression combined with hip arthroscopy in 26 cases/43 hips （Group A） or drilling decompression alone in 34 cases/55 hips （Group B）. Patients were followed up at 6, 12, and 24 weeks, and every 6 months thereafter. Radiographs were taken at every follow-up, Harris scores were recorded at the last follow-up, the paired t-test was used to compare the postoperative Harris scores. Surgery effective rate of the two groups was compared using the Chi-square test. Results： All patients were followed up for an average of 57.6 months （range： 17-108 months）. Pain relief and improvement of hip function were assessed in all patients at 6 months after the surgery. At the last follow-up, Group A had better outcome with mean Harris＇ scores improved from 68.23 ± 11.37 to 82.07 ± 2.92 （t = -7.21, P = 0.001） than Group B with mean Harris＇ scores improved from 69.46 ± 9.71 to 75.79± 4.13 （t = -9.47, P = 0.037） （significantly different： t = -2.54, P = 0.017）. The total surgery effective rate was also significantly different between Groups A and B （86.0% vs. 74.5%; Z2 = 3.69, P = 0.02）. Conclusion： For early stage of AVNFH, multiple small-diameter drilling decompression combined with hip arthroscopy is more effective than drilling decompression alone.展开更多
股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of the femoral head,ONFH)是指股骨头的血供遭到破坏,使得骨组织失去血液供应或血液循环发生障碍,从而引起患者髋关节功能障碍,是当前骨科领域常见的难治性疾病之一。因此早期诊断和治疗显得尤为重要,而体外...股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of the femoral head,ONFH)是指股骨头的血供遭到破坏,使得骨组织失去血液供应或血液循环发生障碍,从而引起患者髋关节功能障碍,是当前骨科领域常见的难治性疾病之一。因此早期诊断和治疗显得尤为重要,而体外冲击波疗法作为一种新兴的非手术治疗方式,在骨科领域尤其是关节外科发展迅速,在早期成人股骨头坏死、软组织损伤以及骨不连等方面的治疗,已经取得较好的疗效。本文就体外冲击波疗法在治疗早期成人股骨头坏死的研究进展和疗效作一综述,希望能对临床工作有所帮助。展开更多
文摘It is estimated that 20000 to 30000 new patients are diagnosed with osteonecrosis annually accounting for approximately 10% of the 250000 total hip arthroplasties done annually in the United States. Thelack of level 1 evidence in the literature makes it difficult to identify optimal treatment protocols to manage patients with pre-collapse avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and early intervention prior to collapse is critical to successful outcomes in joint preserving procedures. There have been a variety of traumatic and atraumatic factors that have been identified as risk factors for osteonecrosis, but the etiology and pathogenesis still remains unclear. Current osteonecrosis diagnosis is dependent upon plain anteroposterior and frog-leg lateral radiographs of the hip, followed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Generally, the first radiographic changes seen by radiograph will be cystic and sclerotic changes in the femoral head. Although the diagnosis may be made by radiograph, plain radiographs are generally insufficient for early diagnosis, therefore MRI is considered the most accurate benchmark. Treatment options include pharmacologic agents such as bisphosphonates and statins, biophysical treatments, as well as joint-preserving and joint-replacing surgeries. the surgical treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head can be divided into two major branches: femoral head sparing procedures(FHSP) and femoral head replacement procedures(FHRP). In general, FHSP are indicated at pre-collapse stages with minimal symptoms whereas FHRP are preferred at post-collapse symptomatic stages. It is difficult to know whether any treatment modality changes the natural history of core decompression since the true natural history of core decompression has not been delineated.
文摘Osteonecrosis is a phenomenon involving disruption to the vascular supply to the femoral head, resulting in articular surface collapse and eventual osteoarthritis. Although alcoholism, steroid use, and hip trauma remain the most common causes, several other etiologies for osteonecrosis have been identified. Basic science research utilizing animal models and stem cell applications continue to further elucidate the pathophysiology of osteonecrosis and promise novel treatment options in the future. Clinical studies evaluating modern joint-sparing procedures have demonstrated significant improvements in outcomes, but hip arthroplasty is still the most common procedure performed in these affected younger adults. Further advances in joint-preserving procedures are required and will be widely studied in the coming decade.
文摘Background： Avascular necrosis of femoral head （AVNFH） typically presents in the young adults and progresses quickly without proper treatments. However, the optimum treatments for early stage of AVNFH are still controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of multiple small-diameter drilling decompression combined with hip arthroscopy for early AVNFH compared to drilling alone. Methods： This is a nonrandomized retrospective case series study. Between April 2006 and November 2010, 60 patients （98 hips） with early stage AVNFH participated in this study. The patients underwent multiple small-diameter drilling decompression combined with hip arthroscopy in 26 cases/43 hips （Group A） or drilling decompression alone in 34 cases/55 hips （Group B）. Patients were followed up at 6, 12, and 24 weeks, and every 6 months thereafter. Radiographs were taken at every follow-up, Harris scores were recorded at the last follow-up, the paired t-test was used to compare the postoperative Harris scores. Surgery effective rate of the two groups was compared using the Chi-square test. Results： All patients were followed up for an average of 57.6 months （range： 17-108 months）. Pain relief and improvement of hip function were assessed in all patients at 6 months after the surgery. At the last follow-up, Group A had better outcome with mean Harris＇ scores improved from 68.23 ± 11.37 to 82.07 ± 2.92 （t = -7.21, P = 0.001） than Group B with mean Harris＇ scores improved from 69.46 ± 9.71 to 75.79± 4.13 （t = -9.47, P = 0.037） （significantly different： t = -2.54, P = 0.017）. The total surgery effective rate was also significantly different between Groups A and B （86.0% vs. 74.5%; Z2 = 3.69, P = 0.02）. Conclusion： For early stage of AVNFH, multiple small-diameter drilling decompression combined with hip arthroscopy is more effective than drilling decompression alone.
文摘股骨头坏死(osteonecrosis of the femoral head,ONFH)是指股骨头的血供遭到破坏,使得骨组织失去血液供应或血液循环发生障碍,从而引起患者髋关节功能障碍,是当前骨科领域常见的难治性疾病之一。因此早期诊断和治疗显得尤为重要,而体外冲击波疗法作为一种新兴的非手术治疗方式,在骨科领域尤其是关节外科发展迅速,在早期成人股骨头坏死、软组织损伤以及骨不连等方面的治疗,已经取得较好的疗效。本文就体外冲击波疗法在治疗早期成人股骨头坏死的研究进展和疗效作一综述,希望能对临床工作有所帮助。
