Determination of dry bulk density and water content measurement of magnetic susceptibility (x) and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), determination of carbonate content, and determination of total o...Determination of dry bulk density and water content measurement of magnetic susceptibility (x) and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), determination of carbonate content, and determination of total organic carbon (TOC) content nitrogen content (N%) and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio are some of the techniques which have been widely applied to lacustrine-sediment analyses. The techniques,complemented by others, are usually useful for revealing characteristics of lacustrine-sediments and thus for postulating hydrological regimes in the lake and environmental conditions and human activity around it in palaeolimnological studies. A very brief review is presented on recent applications of these techniques in palaeolimnological work with English literatures published mainly since 1985 and focus given on interpretations of results of these analyses related to palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Low dry bulk density and high water content often imply relatively warm and wet conditions. High X and SIRM are usually resulted from reduced dilutions in the lake and intensified erosions on its catchment. both of which can be in turn attributed to environmental changes. While variations in patterns of X and SIRM may give further insight on mineral magnetism and thus implications on environmental conditions. Increased carbonate content seems likely to associate to warm and dry conditions.Increased TOC content is virtually used as one of indicators of warm and wet conditions and variations in C/N ratio may hint variations in relative contributions of different sources, aquatic and terrestrial, to the total organic matter in lake sediments and hence to lake-level fluctuations and climate changes.展开更多
选取钝化材料木醋液和影响堆肥质量的关键因素:含水量和C/N,每个因素安排6个水平,利用均匀设计进行多因素多水平试验,对试验结果进行偏最小二乘回归分析,建立对重金属的钝化预测模型.结果表明:木醋液添加比例为0.50%、含水量为40%和C/N...选取钝化材料木醋液和影响堆肥质量的关键因素:含水量和C/N,每个因素安排6个水平,利用均匀设计进行多因素多水平试验,对试验结果进行偏最小二乘回归分析,建立对重金属的钝化预测模型.结果表明:木醋液添加比例为0.50%、含水量为40%和C/N为40时,Cu和Zn的钝化效果均达到最大值,分别为13.5%和30.2%;其中重金属Cu的钝化预测模型为CuA B Cy=15.4748+0.3524x-0.1100x+0.0131x,其中交叉有效性为22Q=-2.0767<0.0985,模型达到精度要求;重金属Zn的钝化预测模型为ZnA By=34.3512+11.0905x-0.2561x-C0.0531x,其中交叉有效性为22Q=-3.0863<0.0985,模型达到精度要求.针对多因素多水平的复杂堆肥系统中,将均匀设计与偏最小二乘法有机耦合,有效地解决了试验次数多、因素间多重相关性的问题,从而使模型精度和实用性都得到提高.展开更多
文摘Determination of dry bulk density and water content measurement of magnetic susceptibility (x) and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), determination of carbonate content, and determination of total organic carbon (TOC) content nitrogen content (N%) and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio are some of the techniques which have been widely applied to lacustrine-sediment analyses. The techniques,complemented by others, are usually useful for revealing characteristics of lacustrine-sediments and thus for postulating hydrological regimes in the lake and environmental conditions and human activity around it in palaeolimnological studies. A very brief review is presented on recent applications of these techniques in palaeolimnological work with English literatures published mainly since 1985 and focus given on interpretations of results of these analyses related to palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. Low dry bulk density and high water content often imply relatively warm and wet conditions. High X and SIRM are usually resulted from reduced dilutions in the lake and intensified erosions on its catchment. both of which can be in turn attributed to environmental changes. While variations in patterns of X and SIRM may give further insight on mineral magnetism and thus implications on environmental conditions. Increased carbonate content seems likely to associate to warm and dry conditions.Increased TOC content is virtually used as one of indicators of warm and wet conditions and variations in C/N ratio may hint variations in relative contributions of different sources, aquatic and terrestrial, to the total organic matter in lake sediments and hence to lake-level fluctuations and climate changes.
文摘选取钝化材料木醋液和影响堆肥质量的关键因素:含水量和C/N,每个因素安排6个水平,利用均匀设计进行多因素多水平试验,对试验结果进行偏最小二乘回归分析,建立对重金属的钝化预测模型.结果表明:木醋液添加比例为0.50%、含水量为40%和C/N为40时,Cu和Zn的钝化效果均达到最大值,分别为13.5%和30.2%;其中重金属Cu的钝化预测模型为CuA B Cy=15.4748+0.3524x-0.1100x+0.0131x,其中交叉有效性为22Q=-2.0767<0.0985,模型达到精度要求;重金属Zn的钝化预测模型为ZnA By=34.3512+11.0905x-0.2561x-C0.0531x,其中交叉有效性为22Q=-3.0863<0.0985,模型达到精度要求.针对多因素多水平的复杂堆肥系统中,将均匀设计与偏最小二乘法有机耦合,有效地解决了试验次数多、因素间多重相关性的问题,从而使模型精度和实用性都得到提高.
