The experimental and theoretical research of spin-orbit-coupled ultracold atomic gases has advanced and expanded rapidly in recent years. Here, we review some of the progress that either was pioneered by our own work,...The experimental and theoretical research of spin-orbit-coupled ultracold atomic gases has advanced and expanded rapidly in recent years. Here, we review some of the progress that either was pioneered by our own work, has helped to lay the foundation, or has developed new and relevant techniques. Af- ter examining the experimental accessibility of all relevant spin-orbit coupling parameters, we discuss the fundamental properties and general applications of spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates （BECs） over a wide range of physical situations. For the harmonically trapped case, we show that the ground state phase transition is a Dicke-type process and that spin-orbit-coupled BECs provide a unique platform to simulate and study the Dicke model and Dicke phase transitions. For a homo- geneous BEC, we discuss the collective excitations, which have been observed experimentally using Bragg spectroscopy. They feature a roton-like minimum, the softening of which provides a potential mechanism to understand the ~round state phase transition. On the other hand, if the collective dy- namics are excited by a sudden quenching of the spin-orbit coupling parameters, we show that the resulting collective dynamics can be related to the famous Zitterbewegung in the relativistic realm. Finally, we discuss the case of a BEC loaded into a periodic optical potential. Here, the spin-orbit coupling generates isolated fiat bands within the lowest Bloch bands whereas the nonlinearity of the system leads to dynamical instabilities of these Bloch waves. The experimental verification of this instability illustrates the lack of Galilean invariance in the system.展开更多
We numerically investigate the ground-state properties of a trapped Bose–Einstein condensate with quadrupole–quadrupole interaction.We quantitatively characterize the deformations of the condensate induced by the qu...We numerically investigate the ground-state properties of a trapped Bose–Einstein condensate with quadrupole–quadrupole interaction.We quantitatively characterize the deformations of the condensate induced by the quadrupolar interaction.We also map out the stability diagram of the condensates and explore the trap geometry dependence of the stability.展开更多
We present a theoretical study on collective excitation modes associated with plasmon and surface-plasmon oscilla- tions in cylindrical metallic nanowires. Based on a two-subband model, the dynamical dielectric functi...We present a theoretical study on collective excitation modes associated with plasmon and surface-plasmon oscilla- tions in cylindrical metallic nanowires. Based on a two-subband model, the dynamical dielectric function matrix is derived under the random-phase approximation. An optic-like branch and an acoustic-like branch, which are free of Landau damp- ing, are observed for both plasmon and surface-plasmon modes. Interestingly, for surface-plasmon modes, we find that two branches of the dispersion relation curves converge at a wavevector qz = qrnax beyond which no surface-plasmon mode exists. Moreover, we examine the dependence of these excitation modes on sample parameters such as the radius of the nanowires. It is found that in metallic nanowires realized by state-of-the-art nanotechnology the intra- and inter-subband plasmon and surface-plasmon frequencies are in the terahertz bandwidth. The frequency of the optic-like modes decreases with increasing radius of the nanowires, whereas that of the acoustic-like modes is not sensitive to the variation of the radius. This study is pertinent to the application of metallic nanowires as frequency-tunable terahertz plasmonic devices.展开更多
用无规相近似的二子带模型,系统研究了阶梯层宽度、深阱宽度、阶梯层的Al组分(阶梯层势垒的高度)对Al Ga As/Ga As不对称阶梯型量子阱中准二维电子气的等离激元特性的影响。发现子带间等离激元模的能量大小取决于基态和第一激发态的能级...用无规相近似的二子带模型,系统研究了阶梯层宽度、深阱宽度、阶梯层的Al组分(阶梯层势垒的高度)对Al Ga As/Ga As不对称阶梯型量子阱中准二维电子气的等离激元特性的影响。发现子带间等离激元模的能量大小取决于基态和第一激发态的能级差,而模的长短取决于这两个能级波函数的交叠大小。这些结论可能为研究空间不对称效应对准二维电子气特性的影响以及基于阶梯型量子阱结构的器件应用等方面提供有益的参考。展开更多
The isoscalar and isovector collective multipole excitations in exotic nuclei are studied in the framework of a fully self-consistent relativistic continuum random phase approximation （RCRPA）. In this method the con...The isoscalar and isovector collective multipole excitations in exotic nuclei are studied in the framework of a fully self-consistent relativistic continuum random phase approximation （RCRPA）. In this method the contri- bution of the continuum spectrum to nuclear excitations is treated exactly by the single particle Green＇s function. Different from the cases in stable nuclei, there are strong low-energy excitations in neutron-rich nuclei and proton-rich nuclei. The neutron or proton excess pushes the centroid of the strength function to lower energies and increases the fragmentation of the strength distribution. The effect of treating the contribution of continuum exactly is also discussed.展开更多
The nuclear structure of 16 O is studied in the framework of the particle–hole random phase approximation(ph RPA). The Hamiltonian is diagonalized within a model space with particle orbits {1d5/2,1d3/2, and 2s1/2} an...The nuclear structure of 16 O is studied in the framework of the particle–hole random phase approximation(ph RPA). The Hamiltonian is diagonalized within a model space with particle orbits {1d5/2,1d3/2, and 2s1/2} and the hole orbits {1p3/2and 1p1/2} using Warburton and Brown interaction WBP. The ph RPA calculations are tested, by comparing the electron scattering form factors with the available experimental data. The results of electron scattering form factors and reduced transition strength for the states: 1-, T = 0(7.116 Me V); 2-, T = 1(12.968 Me V); 2-, T = 1(20.412 Me V); and 3-, T = 0(6.129 Me V) are interpreted in terms of the harmonic-oscillator(HO) wave functions of size parameter b. The occupation probabilities of the single particle and hole orbits are calculated. The spurious states are removed by adding the center of mass(CM) correction to the nuclear Hamiltonian. A comparison with the available experiments data is presented.展开更多
文摘The experimental and theoretical research of spin-orbit-coupled ultracold atomic gases has advanced and expanded rapidly in recent years. Here, we review some of the progress that either was pioneered by our own work, has helped to lay the foundation, or has developed new and relevant techniques. Af- ter examining the experimental accessibility of all relevant spin-orbit coupling parameters, we discuss the fundamental properties and general applications of spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates （BECs） over a wide range of physical situations. For the harmonically trapped case, we show that the ground state phase transition is a Dicke-type process and that spin-orbit-coupled BECs provide a unique platform to simulate and study the Dicke model and Dicke phase transitions. For a homo- geneous BEC, we discuss the collective excitations, which have been observed experimentally using Bragg spectroscopy. They feature a roton-like minimum, the softening of which provides a potential mechanism to understand the ~round state phase transition. On the other hand, if the collective dy- namics are excited by a sudden quenching of the spin-orbit coupling parameters, we show that the resulting collective dynamics can be related to the famous Zitterbewegung in the relativistic realm. Finally, we discuss the case of a BEC loaded into a periodic optical potential. Here, the spin-orbit coupling generates isolated fiat bands within the lowest Bloch bands whereas the nonlinearity of the system leads to dynamical instabilities of these Bloch waves. The experimental verification of this instability illustrates the lack of Galilean invariance in the system.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11434011,11674334,and 11747601)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDPB08-1)
文摘We numerically investigate the ground-state properties of a trapped Bose–Einstein condensate with quadrupole–quadrupole interaction.We quantitatively characterize the deformations of the condensate induced by the quadrupolar interaction.We also map out the stability diagram of the condensates and explore the trap geometry dependence of the stability.
基金Project supported by the Funds from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2011YQ130018)the Funds from the Department of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province,the Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics(Grant No.KF201303)the Joint Research Fund from Sichuan University and China Academy of Engineering Physics,and the Funds from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.YZ201223)
文摘We present a theoretical study on collective excitation modes associated with plasmon and surface-plasmon oscilla- tions in cylindrical metallic nanowires. Based on a two-subband model, the dynamical dielectric function matrix is derived under the random-phase approximation. An optic-like branch and an acoustic-like branch, which are free of Landau damp- ing, are observed for both plasmon and surface-plasmon modes. Interestingly, for surface-plasmon modes, we find that two branches of the dispersion relation curves converge at a wavevector qz = qrnax beyond which no surface-plasmon mode exists. Moreover, we examine the dependence of these excitation modes on sample parameters such as the radius of the nanowires. It is found that in metallic nanowires realized by state-of-the-art nanotechnology the intra- and inter-subband plasmon and surface-plasmon frequencies are in the terahertz bandwidth. The frequency of the optic-like modes decreases with increasing radius of the nanowires, whereas that of the acoustic-like modes is not sensitive to the variation of the radius. This study is pertinent to the application of metallic nanowires as frequency-tunable terahertz plasmonic devices.
文摘用无规相近似的二子带模型,系统研究了阶梯层宽度、深阱宽度、阶梯层的Al组分(阶梯层势垒的高度)对Al Ga As/Ga As不对称阶梯型量子阱中准二维电子气的等离激元特性的影响。发现子带间等离激元模的能量大小取决于基态和第一激发态的能级差,而模的长短取决于这两个能级波函数的交叠大小。这些结论可能为研究空间不对称效应对准二维电子气特性的影响以及基于阶梯型量子阱结构的器件应用等方面提供有益的参考。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11175216,11275018,11305270)National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB834404)Science Planning Project of Communication University of China(XNL1207)
文摘The isoscalar and isovector collective multipole excitations in exotic nuclei are studied in the framework of a fully self-consistent relativistic continuum random phase approximation （RCRPA）. In this method the contri- bution of the continuum spectrum to nuclear excitations is treated exactly by the single particle Green＇s function. Different from the cases in stable nuclei, there are strong low-energy excitations in neutron-rich nuclei and proton-rich nuclei. The neutron or proton excess pushes the centroid of the strength function to lower energies and increases the fragmentation of the strength distribution. The effect of treating the contribution of continuum exactly is also discussed.
文摘The nuclear structure of 16 O is studied in the framework of the particle–hole random phase approximation(ph RPA). The Hamiltonian is diagonalized within a model space with particle orbits {1d5/2,1d3/2, and 2s1/2} and the hole orbits {1p3/2and 1p1/2} using Warburton and Brown interaction WBP. The ph RPA calculations are tested, by comparing the electron scattering form factors with the available experimental data. The results of electron scattering form factors and reduced transition strength for the states: 1-, T = 0(7.116 Me V); 2-, T = 1(12.968 Me V); 2-, T = 1(20.412 Me V); and 3-, T = 0(6.129 Me V) are interpreted in terms of the harmonic-oscillator(HO) wave functions of size parameter b. The occupation probabilities of the single particle and hole orbits are calculated. The spurious states are removed by adding the center of mass(CM) correction to the nuclear Hamiltonian. A comparison with the available experiments data is presented.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0304800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20218, 61525504,61435011)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Youth Innovation Promotion Association of C AS(2018490)。
