为探讨长江和珠江流域野生大眼鳜(Siniperca kneri)的外形差异,本研究基于形态学和框架测量数据,运用多元分析法比较了长江流域乌江沿河、锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体和珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态特征。结果表明,铜仁段大眼鳜群体的眼...为探讨长江和珠江流域野生大眼鳜(Siniperca kneri)的外形差异,本研究基于形态学和框架测量数据,运用多元分析法比较了长江流域乌江沿河、锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体和珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态特征。结果表明,铜仁段大眼鳜群体的眼最小,沿河段大眼鳜群体的体型最薄,而关岭段大眼鳜群体的体型最厚,吻最短但尾柄最长。经数据标准化和参数选择后,12个性状参数的数据被用来进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)。主成分分析提取了2个主成分,其累计贡献率为64.255%,其中第1主成分主要受体宽、尾柄形态、眼间距等性状参数的影响,而第2主成分主要受吻长和眼径大小的影响。应用逐步判别方法(discriminant function analysis,DFA)建立了这3个群体的特征判别函数,其交互验证判别准确率为91.85%。在3个群体之间具有显著差异的12项性状的差异系数(coefficient of difference,CD)均未达到1.28这一亚种分化临界值。长江流域乌江沿河和锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体的外形较为相似,而它们与珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态差异较大,但本研究3个群体的形态变异仍为同一物种下的不同地理种群的形态变异,该变异还没有达到亚种变异水平。展开更多
A key problem in gravity dam design is providing enough stability to prevent slide, and the difficulty increases if there are several weak structural planes in the dam foundation. Overload and material weakening were ...A key problem in gravity dam design is providing enough stability to prevent slide, and the difficulty increases if there are several weak structural planes in the dam foundation. Overload and material weakening were taken into account, and a .finite difference strength reserve method with partial safety factors based on the reliability method was developed and used to study the anti-slide stability of a concrete gravity dam on a complicated foundation with multiple slide planes. Possible slide paths were obtained, and the stability of the foundation with possible failure planes was evaluated through analysis of the stress distribution characteristics. The results reveal the mechanism and process of sliding due to weak structural planes and their deformations, and provide a reference for anti-slide stability analysis of gravity dams in complicated geological conditions.展开更多
文摘为探讨长江和珠江流域野生大眼鳜(Siniperca kneri)的外形差异,本研究基于形态学和框架测量数据,运用多元分析法比较了长江流域乌江沿河、锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体和珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态特征。结果表明,铜仁段大眼鳜群体的眼最小,沿河段大眼鳜群体的体型最薄,而关岭段大眼鳜群体的体型最厚,吻最短但尾柄最长。经数据标准化和参数选择后,12个性状参数的数据被用来进行主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)。主成分分析提取了2个主成分,其累计贡献率为64.255%,其中第1主成分主要受体宽、尾柄形态、眼间距等性状参数的影响,而第2主成分主要受吻长和眼径大小的影响。应用逐步判别方法(discriminant function analysis,DFA)建立了这3个群体的特征判别函数,其交互验证判别准确率为91.85%。在3个群体之间具有显著差异的12项性状的差异系数(coefficient of difference,CD)均未达到1.28这一亚种分化临界值。长江流域乌江沿河和锦江铜仁大眼鳜群体的外形较为相似,而它们与珠江流域北盘江关岭大眼鳜群体的形态差异较大,但本研究3个群体的形态变异仍为同一物种下的不同地理种群的形态变异,该变异还没有达到亚种变异水平。
基金supported by the Innovation Program for College Graduate of Jiangsu Province of 2007 (Grant No. CX07B_133Z)
文摘A key problem in gravity dam design is providing enough stability to prevent slide, and the difficulty increases if there are several weak structural planes in the dam foundation. Overload and material weakening were taken into account, and a .finite difference strength reserve method with partial safety factors based on the reliability method was developed and used to study the anti-slide stability of a concrete gravity dam on a complicated foundation with multiple slide planes. Possible slide paths were obtained, and the stability of the foundation with possible failure planes was evaluated through analysis of the stress distribution characteristics. The results reveal the mechanism and process of sliding due to weak structural planes and their deformations, and provide a reference for anti-slide stability analysis of gravity dams in complicated geological conditions.
基金supported by Ocean University of China-Students Innovation Training Program,National Basic Research Program (2006CB400607)State 863 High-Technology R&D Project of China (2006AA09Z418)
