High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-...High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) (also known as an alarmin) to initiate innate immune responses by activating multiple cell surface receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR2, TLR4 or TLR9. This proinflammatory role is now considered to be important in the pathogenesis of a wide range of kidney diseases whether they result from hemodynamic changes, renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, kidney tissue fibrosis or inflammation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of HMGB1 in kidney diseases and how the HMGB1-mediated signaling pathway may constitute a new strategy for the treatment of kidney diseases. (C) 2016 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.展开更多
A 36-year-old woman was admitted to our department for close examination of a liver tumor that was found during a medical checkup. Abdominal US, CT and MRI showed a tumor in segment 7 (S7) of the liver. Although imagi...A 36-year-old woman was admitted to our department for close examination of a liver tumor that was found during a medical checkup. Abdominal US, CT and MRI showed a tumor in segment 7 (S7) of the liver. Although imaging suggested hepatocellular carcinoma, laboratory tests showed no abnormality in liver function, hepatitis virus markers were negative, and tumor markers including protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist Ⅱ (PIVKA-Ⅱ), α-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were all within normal ranges. Upon aspiration biopsy of the liver, the histopathological diagnosis was moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, right hepatectomy was performed. Although a part of the tumor was necrotic, about 60% of the viable part showed a clear-cell variant. Consequently, it was diagnosed as clear-cell hepatocellular carcinoma. It was noted that the background liver tissue was normal. This case is worthy of reporting because development of clear-cell hepatocellular carcinoma in the normal liver of a middle-aged woman is rarely seen.展开更多
目的探讨影响透明细胞型肝癌（primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver，PCCCL）术后早期及晚期复发的相关危险因素。方法对1996年1月至2006年3月手术治疗的214例PCCCL患者临床病理及随访资料进行回顾性分析。术后≤1年复发者定义...目的探讨影响透明细胞型肝癌（primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver，PCCCL）术后早期及晚期复发的相关危险因素。方法对1996年1月至2006年3月手术治疗的214例PCCCL患者临床病理及随访资料进行回顾性分析。术后≤1年复发者定义为早期复发，术后1年以上复发者定义为晚期复发。结果99例患者术后复发，其中早期复发者28例，晚期复发者71例。复发患者的3年及5年总生存率分别为68．7％和46．2％，显著低于未复发患者（72．2％和64．3％，P=0．003）。晚期复发患者1年、3年和5年的总生存率分别为100％、80．3％和54．6％，显著优于早期复发患者（85．7％、39．3％和25．0％，P=0．001）。多因素分析显示丙氨酸转氨酶（aminoleucinetransferase，ALT）水平和血管侵犯是PCCCL术后早期复发的独立危险因素，而年龄则是PCCCL患者术后晚期复发的惟一独立危险因素。结论复发时间是影响PCCCL．术后复发患者预后的主要因素。明确PCCCL早期及晚期复发的不同危险因素，有助于指导患者术后随访并及时发现复发，提高生存率。展开更多
基金funded by the New Xiangya Talent Project of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University(No.20150218)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-13-0605)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81102512)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.14JJ7001)
文摘High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) (also known as an alarmin) to initiate innate immune responses by activating multiple cell surface receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR2, TLR4 or TLR9. This proinflammatory role is now considered to be important in the pathogenesis of a wide range of kidney diseases whether they result from hemodynamic changes, renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, kidney tissue fibrosis or inflammation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of HMGB1 in kidney diseases and how the HMGB1-mediated signaling pathway may constitute a new strategy for the treatment of kidney diseases. (C) 2016 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
文摘A 36-year-old woman was admitted to our department for close examination of a liver tumor that was found during a medical checkup. Abdominal US, CT and MRI showed a tumor in segment 7 (S7) of the liver. Although imaging suggested hepatocellular carcinoma, laboratory tests showed no abnormality in liver function, hepatitis virus markers were negative, and tumor markers including protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist Ⅱ (PIVKA-Ⅱ), α-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were all within normal ranges. Upon aspiration biopsy of the liver, the histopathological diagnosis was moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, right hepatectomy was performed. Although a part of the tumor was necrotic, about 60% of the viable part showed a clear-cell variant. Consequently, it was diagnosed as clear-cell hepatocellular carcinoma. It was noted that the background liver tissue was normal. This case is worthy of reporting because development of clear-cell hepatocellular carcinoma in the normal liver of a middle-aged woman is rarely seen.
文摘目的探讨影响透明细胞型肝癌（primary clear cell carcinoma of the liver，PCCCL）术后早期及晚期复发的相关危险因素。方法对1996年1月至2006年3月手术治疗的214例PCCCL患者临床病理及随访资料进行回顾性分析。术后≤1年复发者定义为早期复发，术后1年以上复发者定义为晚期复发。结果99例患者术后复发，其中早期复发者28例，晚期复发者71例。复发患者的3年及5年总生存率分别为68．7％和46．2％，显著低于未复发患者（72．2％和64．3％，P=0．003）。晚期复发患者1年、3年和5年的总生存率分别为100％、80．3％和54．6％，显著优于早期复发患者（85．7％、39．3％和25．0％，P=0．001）。多因素分析显示丙氨酸转氨酶（aminoleucinetransferase，ALT）水平和血管侵犯是PCCCL术后早期复发的独立危险因素，而年龄则是PCCCL患者术后晚期复发的惟一独立危险因素。结论复发时间是影响PCCCL．术后复发患者预后的主要因素。明确PCCCL早期及晚期复发的不同危险因素，有助于指导患者术后随访并及时发现复发，提高生存率。
