目的了解单透析中心的维持性血液透析患者慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)的发病率及控制情况。方法透析中心的126例维持性血液透析患者透析前空腹取血,检测血钙、血磷、血全段...目的了解单透析中心的维持性血液透析患者慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)的发病率及控制情况。方法透析中心的126例维持性血液透析患者透析前空腹取血,检测血钙、血磷、血全段甲状旁腺激素(intact parathyroid hormone,i PTH)水平,并分析三者达标现状,与2014年上海市70家血液透析中心的平均水平比较;采用侧位腹平片了解腹主动脉钙化情况,评估血管钙化发生率;采用跟骨骨密度的超声,了解CKD-MBD伴低骨密度发生率。结果本透析中心126例患者中,符合CKD-MBD诊断标准的患者有116例,占92.0%;126例患者的血磷(2.3±3.71)mmol/L,血钙(2.23士0.33)mmol/L,i PTH(401±421)pg/ml;与2014年上海市70家透析中心的平均水平相比,本中心血钙达标率低于平均水平(35.71%比48.86%,χ2=4.188,P=0.042),血磷达标率低于平均水平(41.85%比61.36%,χ2=21.094,P<0.001);i PTH达标率明显高于平均水平(58.73%比44.91%,χ2=9.581,P<0.001);腹主动脉钙化发生率74.6%;CKD-MBD伴低骨密度发生率72.22%。结论维持性血液透析患者矿物质骨异常的发生率高,CKD-MBD伴低骨密度、血管钙化的问题严重,血钙、磷的达标率低,维持性血液透析患者人群中CKD-MBD的现状值得关注。展开更多
目的:分析维持性血液透析患者血清钙、磷及成纤维细胞生长因子23(fibroblast growth factor,FGF23)、Klotho蛋白水平,探讨慢性肾病矿物质及骨代谢异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)患者血清FGF23、Kloth...目的:分析维持性血液透析患者血清钙、磷及成纤维细胞生长因子23(fibroblast growth factor,FGF23)、Klotho蛋白水平,探讨慢性肾病矿物质及骨代谢异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)患者血清FGF23、Klotho蛋白水平变化与心血管系统并发症的关系。方法:回顾性分析中南大学湘雅医院CKD-MBD未透析患者(NHD组)、CKD-MBD规律血液透析患者(HD组)及CKD-MBD伴继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(secondary hyperparathyroidism,SHPT)伴腺瘤样增生患者(SHPT组)各60例的MBD及心脏损伤发病情况,比较血液透析对患者病情的影响。同期收集体检中心体检健康的30例对象为对照组,记录其基本情况、收集钙、磷、全段甲状旁腺素(i PTH)等钙磷代谢指标及心脏彩超检查结果。通过酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测各组血清FGF23和Klotho蛋白情况,比较各组之间钙磷代谢相关生化指标、左室肥厚、左室扩大及心脏瓣膜异位钙化之间差异,分析上述指标间相关性,明确CKD-MBD患者心血管损伤的相关因素及其与FGF23蛋白和Klotho蛋白水平的关系。结果:维持性血液透析患者尤其是伴有SHPT的血液透析患者血清FGF23水平明显升高,而血清Klotho蛋白水平明显降低(P<0.01)。FGF23蛋白水平降低者发生异位钙化风险升高(OR=4.667);Klotho蛋白水平降低者发生心肌肥厚风险升高(OR=3.496)。在慢性肾病患者异位钙化诊断中的血清FGF23蛋白水平ROC曲线下面积为0.778(P<0.01);血清Klotho蛋白水平ROC曲线下面积为0.715(P<0.01)。结论:血清FGF23增多、Klotho蛋白减少是CKD心脏损伤的危险因素。FGF23和Klotho蛋白可作为诊断和预测CKD-MBD患者心脏异位钙化的临床指标。展开更多
活性维生素D在临床上应用广泛。对于肝、肾功能逐渐衰退,伴有肌少症和/或神经功能损害的老年骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)患者,妊娠/哺乳相关的OP及骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)下降患者,均可适当补充。活性维生素D联合钙剂是甲状...活性维生素D在临床上应用广泛。对于肝、肾功能逐渐衰退,伴有肌少症和/或神经功能损害的老年骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)患者,妊娠/哺乳相关的OP及骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)下降患者,均可适当补充。活性维生素D联合钙剂是甲状旁腺功能减退症和骨软化症的首选治疗方案,同时也是慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨异常患者预防和治疗继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的主要措施之一。活性维生素D治疗窗相对狭窄,用药期间需要定期监测安全性指标,如血钙磷、尿钙磷及全段甲状旁腺素等。展开更多
慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨代谢异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKDMBD)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者主要的并发症之一,目前CKD-MBD治疗手段主要包括:磷结合剂、活性维生素D及其类似物、拟钙剂等...慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨代谢异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKDMBD)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者主要的并发症之一,目前CKD-MBD治疗手段主要包括:磷结合剂、活性维生素D及其类似物、拟钙剂等药物治疗以及甲状旁腺手术治疗。其中,活性维生素D及其类似物是最为常见的治疗药物,可以降低甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,PTH),改善骨质疏松和高转运骨病的骨损害,在临床上应用广泛,但使用不当也会导致高钙、高磷血症及加重血管钙化发展,为了更合理的使用该类药物,本文结合2017年KDIGO的CKD-MBD指南更新并就活性维生素D及其类似物在CKD-MBD的治疗进展进行介绍。展开更多
慢性肾脏病矿物质和骨异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)的常见并发症之一,引起矿物质代谢紊乱、骨质疏松、骨折及血管钙化的发生,严重影响患者预后。因此,早...慢性肾脏病矿物质和骨异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)的常见并发症之一,引起矿物质代谢紊乱、骨质疏松、骨折及血管钙化的发生,严重影响患者预后。因此,早期的筛查、诊断及治疗十分重要。骨活检因其有创性而未能在临床上广泛开展,CKD-MBD的诊断主要依赖于骨代谢标志物(bone turnover biomakers,BTMs)的测定。既往研究表明,BTMs是评估CKD患者骨转换及患者预后的有力证据。本文就BTMs进行综述,为CKD-MBD的临床诊断与预后评估提供参考。展开更多
The development of end stage renal failure can be seen as a catastrophic health event and patients with this condition are considered at the highest risk of cardiovascular disease among any other patient groups and ri...The development of end stage renal failure can be seen as a catastrophic health event and patients with this condition are considered at the highest risk of cardiovascular disease among any other patient groups and risk categories. Although kidney transplantation was hailed as an optimal solution to such devastating disease, many issues related to immune-suppressive drugs soon emerged and it became evident that cardiovascular disease would remain a vexing problem. Progression of chronic kidney disease is accompanied by profound alterations of mineral and bone metabolism that are believed to have an impact on the cardiovascular health of patients with advanced degrees of renal failure. Cardiovascular risk factors remain highly prevalent after kidney transplantation, some immune-suppression drugs worsen the risk profile of graft recipients and the alterations of mineral and bone metabolism seen in end stage renal failure are not completely resolved. Whether this complex situation promotes progression of vascular calcification, a hall-mark of advanced chronic kidney disease, and whether vascular calcifications contribute to the poor cardiovascular outcome of post-transplant patients is reviewed in this article.展开更多
文摘活性维生素D在临床上应用广泛。对于肝、肾功能逐渐衰退,伴有肌少症和/或神经功能损害的老年骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)患者,妊娠/哺乳相关的OP及骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)下降患者,均可适当补充。活性维生素D联合钙剂是甲状旁腺功能减退症和骨软化症的首选治疗方案,同时也是慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨异常患者预防和治疗继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的主要措施之一。活性维生素D治疗窗相对狭窄,用药期间需要定期监测安全性指标,如血钙磷、尿钙磷及全段甲状旁腺素等。
文摘慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨代谢异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKDMBD)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者主要的并发症之一,目前CKD-MBD治疗手段主要包括:磷结合剂、活性维生素D及其类似物、拟钙剂等药物治疗以及甲状旁腺手术治疗。其中,活性维生素D及其类似物是最为常见的治疗药物,可以降低甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,PTH),改善骨质疏松和高转运骨病的骨损害,在临床上应用广泛,但使用不当也会导致高钙、高磷血症及加重血管钙化发展,为了更合理的使用该类药物,本文结合2017年KDIGO的CKD-MBD指南更新并就活性维生素D及其类似物在CKD-MBD的治疗进展进行介绍。
文摘慢性肾脏病矿物质和骨异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)的常见并发症之一,引起矿物质代谢紊乱、骨质疏松、骨折及血管钙化的发生,严重影响患者预后。因此,早期的筛查、诊断及治疗十分重要。骨活检因其有创性而未能在临床上广泛开展,CKD-MBD的诊断主要依赖于骨代谢标志物(bone turnover biomakers,BTMs)的测定。既往研究表明,BTMs是评估CKD患者骨转换及患者预后的有力证据。本文就BTMs进行综述,为CKD-MBD的临床诊断与预后评估提供参考。
文摘The development of end stage renal failure can be seen as a catastrophic health event and patients with this condition are considered at the highest risk of cardiovascular disease among any other patient groups and risk categories. Although kidney transplantation was hailed as an optimal solution to such devastating disease, many issues related to immune-suppressive drugs soon emerged and it became evident that cardiovascular disease would remain a vexing problem. Progression of chronic kidney disease is accompanied by profound alterations of mineral and bone metabolism that are believed to have an impact on the cardiovascular health of patients with advanced degrees of renal failure. Cardiovascular risk factors remain highly prevalent after kidney transplantation, some immune-suppression drugs worsen the risk profile of graft recipients and the alterations of mineral and bone metabolism seen in end stage renal failure are not completely resolved. Whether this complex situation promotes progression of vascular calcification, a hall-mark of advanced chronic kidney disease, and whether vascular calcifications contribute to the poor cardiovascular outcome of post-transplant patients is reviewed in this article.
