Background In June 2015,the Chinese Stroke Association(CSA)initiated the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance(CSCA)to establish the national hospital-based stroke care quality assessment and improvement platform.This articl...Background In June 2015,the Chinese Stroke Association(CSA)initiated the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance(CSCA)to establish the national hospital-based stroke care quality assessment and improvement platform.This article outlines its objectives,operational structure,patient population,quality improvement(QI)intervention tools,data elements,data collection methodology and current patient and hospital data.Methods The CSCA is a national,hospital-based,multicentre,voluntary,multifaceted intervention and continuous QI initiative.This multifaceted intervention includes stroke centre development,written care protocols,workshops and a monitoring/feedback system of evidencebased performance measures.The data coordinating centre of the CSCA resides at the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases,Beijing Tiantan Hospital.results As of July 2017,1576 hospitals in China have contributed detailed clinical information to serve as a benchmark for the stroke care quality of 433264 patients with acute stroke/transient ischaemic attacks(TIA),including 352572(81.38%)acute ischaemic stroke,30362(7.01%)TIA,42080(9.71%)spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage,5505(1.27%)subarachnoid haemorrhage and 2745(0.63%)not specified stroke.Conclusion The CSCA programme is designed to establish a continuous national stroke registry and help healthcare providers develop stroke centres and treat patients in a consistent manner in accordance with accepted national guidelines and,ultimately,improve patient outcomes.It supports the CSA mission to reduce stroke burden in China.展开更多
Background Tenecteplase(TNK)possesses several pharmacological characteristics superior to conventional alteplase(rt-PA),with well-established safety and efficacy profile in Caucasians.There exists controversy over the...Background Tenecteplase(TNK)possesses several pharmacological characteristics superior to conventional alteplase(rt-PA),with well-established safety and efficacy profile in Caucasians.There exists controversy over the optimal dose of intravenous rt-PA for East Asians with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS).Current study aimed to determine the safety dose range of recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)for patients with AIS in China.Methods This multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blinded end-point,phase II study compared three tiers of 0.1,0.25,0.32 mg/kg rhTNK-tPA(to a maximum of 40 mg)with standard 0.9 mg/kg rt-PA(to a maximum of 90 mg)in patients who were eligible for intravenous thrombolysis.The safety outcome were symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage(sICH)within 36 hours.Results Between May 2018 and February 2020,240 patients were randomly assigned to four group,4 of whom did not receive study treatment.The intention-to-treat analysis included 236 patients.There was no difference in the improvement on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at day 14 in the 3 tiers and control group(63.3%,77.2%,66.7%vs 62.7%).The number of sICH was 3 of 60(5.0%)in the 0.1 mg/kg group,none in the 0.25 mg/kg group,2 of 60(3.3%)in the 0.32 mg/kg group and 1(1.7%)of 59 in the rt-PA group.There were no significant between-group differences in severe adverse events.Conclusions Similar to the Caucasians,rhTNK-tPA was well tolerated in Chinese patients with AIS at all doses administered within 3 hours of symptom onset.The dose-efficacy profile of rhTNK-tPA needs to be established with future investigations.展开更多
基于福建省冬半年沿海和港湾岛屿自动站的逐时极大风观测资料和WRF（Weather Research and Forecast）、EC（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts）细网格以及T639（TL639L60）三种模式预报的10 m风场资料，将模式预报...基于福建省冬半年沿海和港湾岛屿自动站的逐时极大风观测资料和WRF（Weather Research and Forecast）、EC（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts）细网格以及T639（TL639L60）三种模式预报的10 m风场资料，将模式预报的风向风速与观测资料进行对比检验，结果表明：福建省沿海冬半年大风的盛行风向以东北风为主，大风的时空分布极为不均，沿海风力的脉动性、跳跃性、局地性突出。从三种模式对风速风向的模拟效果来看， WRF和EC细网格的预报效果较好，有可参考性， T639可参考性不高。对于风速，模式预报结果相比实况极大风速偏小，港湾岛屿代表站风速的平均绝对误差均小于沿海代表站，预报平均误差由沿海向内陆逐渐减小，由中部向南北逐渐减小。风向相比风速的预报效果要差， WRF和EC细网格的风向预报误差在45°-50°，有一定的参考意义；港湾岛屿代表站风向的平均绝对误差大于沿海代表站，以浮标站的误差最大。当观测风速出现7级及以上风速时，若对大风进行分级检验，则较低风速的预报平均绝对误差小于较高风速；风向预报的平均绝对误差也大大降低，且误差都在45°以内，具有良好的参考性。展开更多
Follicular helper T(Tfh)cells select mutated B cells in germinal centres,which can then differentiate into long-lived high affinity memory B cells and plasma cells.Tfh cells are regulated by a unique molecular program...Follicular helper T(Tfh)cells select mutated B cells in germinal centres,which can then differentiate into long-lived high affinity memory B cells and plasma cells.Tfh cells are regulated by a unique molecular programme orchestrated by the transcriptional repressor Bcl6.This transcription factor turns down expression of multiple genes,including transcriptional regulators of other T helper lineages and a vast amount of microRNAs.This enables Tfh cells to express a suite of chemokine receptors,stimulatory ligands and cytokines that enable migration into B-cell follicles,and provision of effective help to B cells.Not surprisingly,dysregulation of this powerful helper subset can lead to a range of autoantibody-mediated diseases;indeed,aberrant accumulation of Tfh cells has been linked with systemic lupus erythematosus,Sjogren’s disease and autoimmune arthritis.Here we dissect multiple checkpoints that operate throughout Tfh cell development and maturation to maintain immunological tolerance while mounting robust and long-lasting antibody responses.展开更多
通过介绍Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre NICU的护理管理和工作制度、医院感染预防、病房布局、护理业务培训和对早产儿发育的护理等内容,为我国NICU护理工作开展提供借鉴。提出我国应该加强根据国内外的最新护理进展情况规范NICU...通过介绍Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre NICU的护理管理和工作制度、医院感染预防、病房布局、护理业务培训和对早产儿发育的护理等内容,为我国NICU护理工作开展提供借鉴。提出我国应该加强根据国内外的最新护理进展情况规范NICU护士专科知识教材和培训方法;合理布局NICU,以改善病房环境和预防医院感染;合理安排治疗和护理时间,尽量减少对早产儿的干扰,促进其发育;鼓励父母参与患儿的护理。展开更多
Local bifurcation phenomena in a four-dlmensional continuous hyperchaotic system, which has rich and complex dynamical behaviours, are analysed. The local bifurcations of the system are investigated by utilizing the b...Local bifurcation phenomena in a four-dlmensional continuous hyperchaotic system, which has rich and complex dynamical behaviours, are analysed. The local bifurcations of the system are investigated by utilizing the bifurcation theory and the centre manifold theorem, and thus the conditions of the existence of pitchfork bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation are derived in detail. Numerical simulations are presented to verify the theoretical analysis, and they show some interesting dynamics, including stable periodic orbits emerging from the new fixed points generated by pitchfork bifurcation, coexistence of a stable limit cycle and a chaotic attractor, as well as chaos within quite a wide parameter region.展开更多
Aim Stroke is characterised by high morbidity,mortality and disability,which seriously affects the health and safety of the people.Stroke has become a serious public health problem in China.Organisational stroke manag...Aim Stroke is characterised by high morbidity,mortality and disability,which seriously affects the health and safety of the people.Stroke has become a serious public health problem in China.Organisational stroke management can significantly reduce the mortality and disability rates of patients with stroke.We provide this evidence-based guideline to present current and comprehensive recommendations for organisational stroke management.Methods A formal literature search of MEDLINE(1 January 1997 through 30 September 2019)was performed.Data were synthesised with the use of evidence tables.Writing group members met by teleconference to discuss data-derived recommendations.The Chinese Stroke Association’s Levels of Evidence grading algorithm was used to grade each recommendation.results Evidence-based guidelines are presented for the organisational management of patients presenting with stroke.The focus of the guideline was subdivided into prehospital first aid system of stroke,rapid diagnosis and treatment of emergency in stroke centre,organisational management of stroke unit and stroke clinic,construction of regional collaborative network among stroke centres and evaluation and continuous improvement of stroke medical quality.Conclusions The guidelines offer an organisational stroke management model for patients with stroke which might help dramatically.展开更多
Eucalypt plantations in China currently exceed4.5 Mhm^2, and this country has the third largest area of such plantations after India and Brazil. China's eucalypt industry now comprises a complex, multifaceted indu...Eucalypt plantations in China currently exceed4.5 Mhm^2, and this country has the third largest area of such plantations after India and Brazil. China's eucalypt industry now comprises a complex, multifaceted industry including seedling propagation, fertilizer production and supply, plantation silviculture, harvesting and transport,wood processing for products including lumber, pulp and paper, and wood-based panels, as well as bioenergy production and various forest byproducts and non-wood forest products. In 2015, the combined value of output of this whole industry was around 300 billion CNY. Chinese research and development(R&D) has been instrumental in supporting growth and development across the whole breadth of the country's eucalypt industry. In this report,recent advances in this R&D are reviewed under six key topics:(1) advanced propagation technology;(2) genetic resources and breeding;(3) targeted silviculture;(4) eucalypt disease and pest management;(5) enhancing plantation ecology and sustainability; and(6) wood processing and byproduct technology. R&D has greatly facilitated expansion and proliferation of all parts of China's eucalypt industry. This industry is now of major importance to China's economy; it involves tens of thousands of growers and companies that provide livelihoods for hundreds of thousands of people.展开更多
In studying a dynamical system, one finds that there frequently exist some kinds of disturbance or false phenomenon. In order to remove them, we introduce a concept of the measure centre and in order to determine the ...In studying a dynamical system, one finds that there frequently exist some kinds of disturbance or false phenomenon. In order to remove them, we introduce a concept of the measure centre and in order to determine the structure of the measure centre, we also introduce another concept of the weakly almost periodic point. We totally determine the structure of the measure centre and exhibit an example to show that the measure centre may be contained properly in the motion centre and there is a system which is chaotic on the nonwandering set but has zero topological entropy.展开更多
Mapping function errors are usually not taken into consideration, when space geodetic data observed by VLBI, GNSS and some other techniques are utilized to estimate troposphere delay, which could, however, probably br...Mapping function errors are usually not taken into consideration, when space geodetic data observed by VLBI, GNSS and some other techniques are utilized to estimate troposphere delay, which could, however, probably bring non-ignorable errors to solutions. After analyzing the variation of mapping function errors with elevation angles based on several-year meteorological data, this paper constructed a model of this error and then proposed a two-step estimation method of troposphere delay with consideration of mapping function errors. The experimental results indicate that the method put forward by this paper could reduce the slant path delay residuals efficiently and improve the estimation accuracy of wet tropospheric delay to some extent.展开更多
Atrial fibrillation(AF)and heart failure(HF)are two cardiovascular diseases with an increasing prevalence worldwide.These conditions share common pathophysiologiesand frequently co-exit.In fact,the occurrence of eithe...Atrial fibrillation(AF)and heart failure(HF)are two cardiovascular diseases with an increasing prevalence worldwide.These conditions share common pathophysiologiesand frequently co-exit.In fact,the occurrence of either condition can‘cause’the development of the other,creating a new patient group that demands different management strategies to that if they occur in isolation.Regardless of the temproral association of the two conditions,their presence is linked with adverse cardi-ovascular outcomes,increased rate of hospitalizations,and increased economic burden on healthcare systems.The use of low-cost,easily accessible and applicable biomarkers may hasten the correct diagnosis and the effective treatment of AF and HF.Both AF and HF effect multiple physiological pathways and thus a great number of biomarkers can be measured that potentially give the clinician important diagnostic and prognostic information.These will then guide patient centred therapeutic management.The current biomarkers that offer potential for guiding therapy,focus on the physiological pathways of miRNA,myocardial stretch and injury,oxidative stress,inflammation,fibrosis,coagulation and renal impairment.Each of these has different utility in current clinincal practice.展开更多
The optical absorption spectra of BaF2-x Clx ：Eu^2＋ after ultraviolet （UV） light excitation were investigated. The differences between the absorption spectra after and before excitation （DAS） were observed. The ...The optical absorption spectra of BaF2-x Clx ：Eu^2＋ after ultraviolet （UV） light excitation were investigated. The differences between the absorption spectra after and before excitation （DAS） were observed. The DAS increase at both the high and the low energy side of F band in BaF2-xClx ： Eu^2 ＋ after 245 nm UV light excitation. The bleach effect of UV light and the absorption of electrons in the valence band may account for the former and the formation of Fa centres （association of F（Cl^-） centres）, whose absorption band matches the HeNe laser better, may explain the latter. In the write-in process, the transfer of electrons is via tunneling, In the readout process, the transfer of electrons captured in F（F^-） and Fa centres is more likely via tunneling, and that of F（Cl^- ） centres is more likely via conduction band.展开更多
Background and purpose:5 recent trials have shown the benefit of endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)due to large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation.This study aims to evaluate the safety a...Background and purpose:5 recent trials have shown the benefit of endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)due to large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation.This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Solitaire thrombectomy in patients with moderate-to-severe stroke in the Chinese population,which has a high prevalence of intracranial atherosclerosis.Methods and analysis:This multicentre prospective control study will involve 17 stroke centres in China,and plans to recruit 150 patients in the intervention group,and 150 patients in the medical group,in which patients meet enrolment criteria but refuse intervention.Patients with AIS due to large vessel occlusion indicated for treatment with Solitaire stent retriever within 12 hours of symptom onset,and who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria,will be enrolled in this study.The primary efficacy endpoint is functional independence as defined by a modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤2 at 90 days or by functional improvement as defined by mRS,using shift analysis.The procedural efficacy endpoint is arterial recanalisation of the occluded target vessel measured by a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction(mTICI)score equal or superior to 2b right following the use of the study device.The primary safety endpoint is symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage(sICH)within 24±3 hours postprocedure.Ethics and dissemination:The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee at the coordinating centre and by the local Institutional Review Board of each participating centre.Trial registration number:NCT02350283.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China(National S&T Major Project of China:2011BAI08B02,2012ZX09303,2013BAI09B14,2013BAI09B03,2015BAI12B02,2015BAI12B04,2017YFC1310900,2017YFC1310901 and 2017YFC1310903)the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2013BAI09B03)+1 种基金Beijing Municipal Committee of Science and Technology(D15110700200000,D151100002015001,D151100002015002,Z161100000516223 and Z141107002514125)Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders(BIBD-PXM2013_014226_07_000084).
文摘Background In June 2015,the Chinese Stroke Association(CSA)initiated the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance(CSCA)to establish the national hospital-based stroke care quality assessment and improvement platform.This article outlines its objectives,operational structure,patient population,quality improvement(QI)intervention tools,data elements,data collection methodology and current patient and hospital data.Methods The CSCA is a national,hospital-based,multicentre,voluntary,multifaceted intervention and continuous QI initiative.This multifaceted intervention includes stroke centre development,written care protocols,workshops and a monitoring/feedback system of evidencebased performance measures.The data coordinating centre of the CSCA resides at the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases,Beijing Tiantan Hospital.results As of July 2017,1576 hospitals in China have contributed detailed clinical information to serve as a benchmark for the stroke care quality of 433264 patients with acute stroke/transient ischaemic attacks(TIA),including 352572(81.38%)acute ischaemic stroke,30362(7.01%)TIA,42080(9.71%)spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage,5505(1.27%)subarachnoid haemorrhage and 2745(0.63%)not specified stroke.Conclusion The CSCA programme is designed to establish a continuous national stroke registry and help healthcare providers develop stroke centres and treat patients in a consistent manner in accordance with accepted national guidelines and,ultimately,improve patient outcomes.It supports the CSA mission to reduce stroke burden in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81870905)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC1308204)+2 种基金the National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX09304018)the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program(PX2018022)sponsored and funded by Guangzhou Recomgen Biotech Co.,Ltd.
文摘Background Tenecteplase(TNK)possesses several pharmacological characteristics superior to conventional alteplase(rt-PA),with well-established safety and efficacy profile in Caucasians.There exists controversy over the optimal dose of intravenous rt-PA for East Asians with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS).Current study aimed to determine the safety dose range of recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)for patients with AIS in China.Methods This multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blinded end-point,phase II study compared three tiers of 0.1,0.25,0.32 mg/kg rhTNK-tPA(to a maximum of 40 mg)with standard 0.9 mg/kg rt-PA(to a maximum of 90 mg)in patients who were eligible for intravenous thrombolysis.The safety outcome were symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage(sICH)within 36 hours.Results Between May 2018 and February 2020,240 patients were randomly assigned to four group,4 of whom did not receive study treatment.The intention-to-treat analysis included 236 patients.There was no difference in the improvement on National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at day 14 in the 3 tiers and control group(63.3%,77.2%,66.7%vs 62.7%).The number of sICH was 3 of 60(5.0%)in the 0.1 mg/kg group,none in the 0.25 mg/kg group,2 of 60(3.3%)in the 0.32 mg/kg group and 1(1.7%)of 59 in the rt-PA group.There were no significant between-group differences in severe adverse events.Conclusions Similar to the Caucasians,rhTNK-tPA was well tolerated in Chinese patients with AIS at all doses administered within 3 hours of symptom onset.The dose-efficacy profile of rhTNK-tPA needs to be established with future investigations.
文摘基于福建省冬半年沿海和港湾岛屿自动站的逐时极大风观测资料和WRF（Weather Research and Forecast）、EC（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts）细网格以及T639（TL639L60）三种模式预报的10 m风场资料，将模式预报的风向风速与观测资料进行对比检验，结果表明：福建省沿海冬半年大风的盛行风向以东北风为主，大风的时空分布极为不均，沿海风力的脉动性、跳跃性、局地性突出。从三种模式对风速风向的模拟效果来看， WRF和EC细网格的预报效果较好，有可参考性， T639可参考性不高。对于风速，模式预报结果相比实况极大风速偏小，港湾岛屿代表站风速的平均绝对误差均小于沿海代表站，预报平均误差由沿海向内陆逐渐减小，由中部向南北逐渐减小。风向相比风速的预报效果要差， WRF和EC细网格的风向预报误差在45°-50°，有一定的参考意义；港湾岛屿代表站风向的平均绝对误差大于沿海代表站，以浮标站的误差最大。当观测风速出现7级及以上风速时，若对大风进行分级检验，则较低风速的预报平均绝对误差小于较高风速；风向预报的平均绝对误差也大大降低，且误差都在45°以内，具有良好的参考性。
文摘Follicular helper T(Tfh)cells select mutated B cells in germinal centres,which can then differentiate into long-lived high affinity memory B cells and plasma cells.Tfh cells are regulated by a unique molecular programme orchestrated by the transcriptional repressor Bcl6.This transcription factor turns down expression of multiple genes,including transcriptional regulators of other T helper lineages and a vast amount of microRNAs.This enables Tfh cells to express a suite of chemokine receptors,stimulatory ligands and cytokines that enable migration into B-cell follicles,and provision of effective help to B cells.Not surprisingly,dysregulation of this powerful helper subset can lead to a range of autoantibody-mediated diseases;indeed,aberrant accumulation of Tfh cells has been linked with systemic lupus erythematosus,Sjogren’s disease and autoimmune arthritis.Here we dissect multiple checkpoints that operate throughout Tfh cell development and maturation to maintain immunological tolerance while mounting robust and long-lasting antibody responses.
文摘通过介绍Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre NICU的护理管理和工作制度、医院感染预防、病房布局、护理业务培训和对早产儿发育的护理等内容,为我国NICU护理工作开展提供借鉴。提出我国应该加强根据国内外的最新护理进展情况规范NICU护士专科知识教材和培训方法;合理布局NICU,以改善病房环境和预防医院感染;合理安排治疗和护理时间,尽量减少对早产儿的干扰,促进其发育;鼓励父母参与患儿的护理。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 60774088,10772135 and 60574036)the Research Foundation from the Ministry of Education of China (Grant Nos 107024 and 207005)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China (NCET)the Application Base and Frontier Technology Project of Tianjin,China(Grant No 08JCZDJC21900)
文摘Local bifurcation phenomena in a four-dlmensional continuous hyperchaotic system, which has rich and complex dynamical behaviours, are analysed. The local bifurcations of the system are investigated by utilizing the bifurcation theory and the centre manifold theorem, and thus the conditions of the existence of pitchfork bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation are derived in detail. Numerical simulations are presented to verify the theoretical analysis, and they show some interesting dynamics, including stable periodic orbits emerging from the new fixed points generated by pitchfork bifurcation, coexistence of a stable limit cycle and a chaotic attractor, as well as chaos within quite a wide parameter region.
文摘Aim Stroke is characterised by high morbidity,mortality and disability,which seriously affects the health and safety of the people.Stroke has become a serious public health problem in China.Organisational stroke management can significantly reduce the mortality and disability rates of patients with stroke.We provide this evidence-based guideline to present current and comprehensive recommendations for organisational stroke management.Methods A formal literature search of MEDLINE(1 January 1997 through 30 September 2019)was performed.Data were synthesised with the use of evidence tables.Writing group members met by teleconference to discuss data-derived recommendations.The Chinese Stroke Association’s Levels of Evidence grading algorithm was used to grade each recommendation.results Evidence-based guidelines are presented for the organisational management of patients presenting with stroke.The focus of the guideline was subdivided into prehospital first aid system of stroke,rapid diagnosis and treatment of emergency in stroke centre,organisational management of stroke unit and stroke clinic,construction of regional collaborative network among stroke centres and evaluation and continuous improvement of stroke medical quality.Conclusions The guidelines offer an organisational stroke management model for patients with stroke which might help dramatically.
基金financial support for eucalypt research through the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31570615)the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology the Thirteenth Key Research and Development Project(2016YFD0600500)the Special Public Welfare Forestry Research Fund of the State Forestry Administration of China(201104003)
文摘Eucalypt plantations in China currently exceed4.5 Mhm^2, and this country has the third largest area of such plantations after India and Brazil. China's eucalypt industry now comprises a complex, multifaceted industry including seedling propagation, fertilizer production and supply, plantation silviculture, harvesting and transport,wood processing for products including lumber, pulp and paper, and wood-based panels, as well as bioenergy production and various forest byproducts and non-wood forest products. In 2015, the combined value of output of this whole industry was around 300 billion CNY. Chinese research and development(R&D) has been instrumental in supporting growth and development across the whole breadth of the country's eucalypt industry. In this report,recent advances in this R&D are reviewed under six key topics:(1) advanced propagation technology;(2) genetic resources and breeding;(3) targeted silviculture;(4) eucalypt disease and pest management;(5) enhancing plantation ecology and sustainability; and(6) wood processing and byproduct technology. R&D has greatly facilitated expansion and proliferation of all parts of China's eucalypt industry. This industry is now of major importance to China's economy; it involves tens of thousands of growers and companies that provide livelihoods for hundreds of thousands of people.
基金the National Education Foundation of Chinathe National Basic Research Project "Nonlinear Science".
文摘In studying a dynamical system, one finds that there frequently exist some kinds of disturbance or false phenomenon. In order to remove them, we introduce a concept of the measure centre and in order to determine the structure of the measure centre, we also introduce another concept of the weakly almost periodic point. We totally determine the structure of the measure centre and exhibit an example to show that the measure centre may be contained properly in the motion centre and there is a system which is chaotic on the nonwandering set but has zero topological entropy.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41674082)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41774018)。
文摘Mapping function errors are usually not taken into consideration, when space geodetic data observed by VLBI, GNSS and some other techniques are utilized to estimate troposphere delay, which could, however, probably bring non-ignorable errors to solutions. After analyzing the variation of mapping function errors with elevation angles based on several-year meteorological data, this paper constructed a model of this error and then proposed a two-step estimation method of troposphere delay with consideration of mapping function errors. The experimental results indicate that the method put forward by this paper could reduce the slant path delay residuals efficiently and improve the estimation accuracy of wet tropospheric delay to some extent.
文摘Atrial fibrillation(AF)and heart failure(HF)are two cardiovascular diseases with an increasing prevalence worldwide.These conditions share common pathophysiologiesand frequently co-exit.In fact,the occurrence of either condition can‘cause’the development of the other,creating a new patient group that demands different management strategies to that if they occur in isolation.Regardless of the temproral association of the two conditions,their presence is linked with adverse cardi-ovascular outcomes,increased rate of hospitalizations,and increased economic burden on healthcare systems.The use of low-cost,easily accessible and applicable biomarkers may hasten the correct diagnosis and the effective treatment of AF and HF.Both AF and HF effect multiple physiological pathways and thus a great number of biomarkers can be measured that potentially give the clinician important diagnostic and prognostic information.These will then guide patient centred therapeutic management.The current biomarkers that offer potential for guiding therapy,focus on the physiological pathways of miRNA,myocardial stretch and injury,oxidative stress,inflammation,fibrosis,coagulation and renal impairment.Each of these has different utility in current clinincal practice.
文摘The optical absorption spectra of BaF2-x Clx ：Eu^2＋ after ultraviolet （UV） light excitation were investigated. The differences between the absorption spectra after and before excitation （DAS） were observed. The DAS increase at both the high and the low energy side of F band in BaF2-xClx ： Eu^2 ＋ after 245 nm UV light excitation. The bleach effect of UV light and the absorption of electrons in the valence band may account for the former and the formation of Fa centres （association of F（Cl^-） centres）, whose absorption band matches the HeNe laser better, may explain the latter. In the write-in process, the transfer of electrons is via tunneling, In the readout process, the transfer of electrons captured in F（F^-） and Fa centres is more likely via tunneling, and that of F（Cl^- ） centres is more likely via conduction band.
基金This study is sponsored and conducted by the Cerebrovascular Disease Center of Tiantan Hospital,which is also responsible for data analysis.This study is funded by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2011BAI08B02,2015BAI12B04 and 2015BAI12B02).
文摘Background and purpose:5 recent trials have shown the benefit of endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)due to large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation.This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Solitaire thrombectomy in patients with moderate-to-severe stroke in the Chinese population,which has a high prevalence of intracranial atherosclerosis.Methods and analysis:This multicentre prospective control study will involve 17 stroke centres in China,and plans to recruit 150 patients in the intervention group,and 150 patients in the medical group,in which patients meet enrolment criteria but refuse intervention.Patients with AIS due to large vessel occlusion indicated for treatment with Solitaire stent retriever within 12 hours of symptom onset,and who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria,will be enrolled in this study.The primary efficacy endpoint is functional independence as defined by a modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤2 at 90 days or by functional improvement as defined by mRS,using shift analysis.The procedural efficacy endpoint is arterial recanalisation of the occluded target vessel measured by a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction(mTICI)score equal or superior to 2b right following the use of the study device.The primary safety endpoint is symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage(sICH)within 24±3 hours postprocedure.Ethics and dissemination:The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee at the coordinating centre and by the local Institutional Review Board of each participating centre.Trial registration number:NCT02350283.
