In the present study,we investigated the mechanisms underlying the mediation of iron transport by Ltype Ca^2+ channels(LTCCs)in primary cultured ventral mesencephalon(VM)neurons from rats.We found that cotreatment wit...In the present study,we investigated the mechanisms underlying the mediation of iron transport by Ltype Ca^2+ channels(LTCCs)in primary cultured ventral mesencephalon(VM)neurons from rats.We found that cotreatment with 100 lmol/L FeSO4 and MPP^+(1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium)significantly increased the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species,decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increased the caspase-3 activation compared to MPP^+ treatment alone.Co-treatment with 500 lmol/L CaCl2 further aggravated the FeSO4-induced neurotoxicity in MPP^+-treated VM neurons.Co-treatment with 10 lmol/L isradipine,an LTCC blocker,alleviated the neurotoxicity induced by co-application of FeSO4 and FeSO4/CaCl2.Further studies indicated that MPP^+treatment accelerated the iron influx into VM neurons.In addition,FeSO4 treatment significantly increased the intracellular Ca^2+ concentration.These effects were blocked by isradipine.These results suggest that elevated extracellular Ca^2+ aggravates ironinduced neurotoxicity.LTCCs mediate iron transport in dopaminergic neurons and this,in turn,results in elevated intracellular Ca^2+ and further aggravates iron-induced neurotoxicity.展开更多
The cardiac protective role of a novel erythro-cyte-derived depressing factor (EDDF) on spontaneous hy-pertensive rats (SHR), calcium overload (CaO) rats and Wistar rats and its mechanism was evaluated. Mean artery pr...The cardiac protective role of a novel erythro-cyte-derived depressing factor (EDDF) on spontaneous hy-pertensive rats (SHR), calcium overload (CaO) rats and Wistar rats and its mechanism was evaluated. Mean artery pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and LVdp/dtmax were measured by physiological recorder. The effect of EDDF on the Ca2+-ATPase activity in myocardial sarcoplasmic reticu-lum (SR) of CaO rats was determined by inorganic phos-phate assay. Calcium transport in myocytes was measured by 45Ca2+ radioactive isotope measurement. The phosphoryla-tion levels of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) in myocardial tissue of SHR and CaO rats were measured by Western blot method. And the ultrastructures of cardiac muscle cells were observed with the transmission electron microscope. The results indicated that EDDF could significantly decrease MAP, HR and LVdp/dtmax in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). It seems that the mechanism might relate with activating the Ca2+-APTase, enhancing the uptake and release of Ca2+ from SR (P < 0.05), decreasing the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 of myocytes (P < 0.01) and lightening the ultrastructural lesion of cardiac muscle cells. In CaO rats, the Ca2+-ATPase activity decreased clearly com-pared to control (64.99 7.16 vs 94.48 7.68 nmol·min-1 ·mg-1 protein, P < 0.01), while EDDF (100 mg/mL) could significantly increase the activity (87.93 ?9.54 vs 64.99 ?7.16, P < 0.05, n = 7). Both uptake and release rate of Ca2+ (祄ol 45Ca2+/g protein/min) from myocardial SR of CaO rats re-markably decreased compared to control (32.40 ?2.70 and 15.46 ?1.49 vs 61.09 ?10.89 and 25.47 ?4.29, P < 0.05); EDDF (100 mg/mL) could significantly stimulate their activi-ties (50.48 6.76 and 21.76 2.75 vs 32.40 2.70 and 15.46 1.49, P < 0.05). EDDF could evidently down-regulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in myocardial tissue from SHR and CaO rats (P < 0.01), lighten the ultrastructural lesion of cardiac muscle cells of SHR as well. It is concluded that EDDF seems to play protective展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Educational Department of Jiangsu Province, China (No. 04KJA180110)the Personnel Department of Jiangsu Province, China (No. 06-B-040)the Nantong Municipality of Jiangsu Province, China (No. S40057 and S5040).
文摘近来研究发现,细胞因子白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)不仪是重要的免疫调节因子,而且也是重要的神经调节因子。中枢神经系统中IL-6的作用是复杂的,尤其是对脑损伤时IL-6所发挥的作用及其作用机制尚不十分清楚。为此,我们利用N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸(N-methyl-D-aspartate,NMDA)处理小脑颗粒神经元引起急性损伤的细胞模型,探讨IL-6对神经元损伤的保护及其作用机制。取出生后8 d幼鼠的小脑,进行小脑颗粒神经元培养。将IL-6(5或10 ng/mL)加入到小脑颗粒神经元的培养液中孵育8 d,然后用NMDA(100μmol／L)刺激小脑颗粒神经元30 min以造成神经元损伤。用噻唑兰(methyl-thiazole tetrazolium,MTT)比色法检测神经元的活性;用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的原位缺口末端标记(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling,TUNEL)法检测神经元的凋亡;用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(confocal laser scanning microscope,CLSM)观察神经元内游离Ca2+浓度的动态变化。用抗gp130单克隆抗体(75 ng／mL)抑制IL-6的活性,然后观察IL-6抗NMDA神经毒性作用的变化;并利用Western blot法检测IL-6对小脑颗粒神经元表达IL-6的细胞内信号转导蛋白——信号转导子和转录激活子3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,STAT3)和细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular signal regulated kinase 1／2,ERK1／2)磷酸化水平的影响。NMDA刺激未经IL-6处理的小脑颗粒神经元,导致神经元活性降低、神经元凋亡增加和神经元内Ca2+超载。NMDA刺激经IL-6慢性预处理的小脑颗粒神经元,其损伤程度与未经IL-6处理的神经元相比明显减轻,包括神经元活性明显增强、神经元凋亡显著减少和神经元内Ca2+超载减轻。抗gp130抗体可阻断IL-6减轻NMDA激发的神经元内Ca2+超载的作用;经IL-6慢性处理的小脑颗粒神经元,其细胞内STAT3和ERK1／2的磷酸化水平显著增加。结果表明,IL-6能保护神�
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81671249)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2016CM04).
文摘In the present study,we investigated the mechanisms underlying the mediation of iron transport by Ltype Ca^2+ channels(LTCCs)in primary cultured ventral mesencephalon(VM)neurons from rats.We found that cotreatment with 100 lmol/L FeSO4 and MPP^+(1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium)significantly increased the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species,decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increased the caspase-3 activation compared to MPP^+ treatment alone.Co-treatment with 500 lmol/L CaCl2 further aggravated the FeSO4-induced neurotoxicity in MPP^+-treated VM neurons.Co-treatment with 10 lmol/L isradipine,an LTCC blocker,alleviated the neurotoxicity induced by co-application of FeSO4 and FeSO4/CaCl2.Further studies indicated that MPP^+treatment accelerated the iron influx into VM neurons.In addition,FeSO4 treatment significantly increased the intracellular Ca^2+ concentration.These effects were blocked by isradipine.These results suggest that elevated extracellular Ca^2+ aggravates ironinduced neurotoxicity.LTCCs mediate iron transport in dopaminergic neurons and this,in turn,results in elevated intracellular Ca^2+ and further aggravates iron-induced neurotoxicity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.30070281 and 30240064).
文摘The cardiac protective role of a novel erythro-cyte-derived depressing factor (EDDF) on spontaneous hy-pertensive rats (SHR), calcium overload (CaO) rats and Wistar rats and its mechanism was evaluated. Mean artery pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and LVdp/dtmax were measured by physiological recorder. The effect of EDDF on the Ca2+-ATPase activity in myocardial sarcoplasmic reticu-lum (SR) of CaO rats was determined by inorganic phos-phate assay. Calcium transport in myocytes was measured by 45Ca2+ radioactive isotope measurement. The phosphoryla-tion levels of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) in myocardial tissue of SHR and CaO rats were measured by Western blot method. And the ultrastructures of cardiac muscle cells were observed with the transmission electron microscope. The results indicated that EDDF could significantly decrease MAP, HR and LVdp/dtmax in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). It seems that the mechanism might relate with activating the Ca2+-APTase, enhancing the uptake and release of Ca2+ from SR (P < 0.05), decreasing the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 of myocytes (P < 0.01) and lightening the ultrastructural lesion of cardiac muscle cells. In CaO rats, the Ca2+-ATPase activity decreased clearly com-pared to control (64.99 7.16 vs 94.48 7.68 nmol·min-1 ·mg-1 protein, P < 0.01), while EDDF (100 mg/mL) could significantly increase the activity (87.93 ?9.54 vs 64.99 ?7.16, P < 0.05, n = 7). Both uptake and release rate of Ca2+ (祄ol 45Ca2+/g protein/min) from myocardial SR of CaO rats re-markably decreased compared to control (32.40 ?2.70 and 15.46 ?1.49 vs 61.09 ?10.89 and 25.47 ?4.29, P < 0.05); EDDF (100 mg/mL) could significantly stimulate their activi-ties (50.48 6.76 and 21.76 2.75 vs 32.40 2.70 and 15.46 1.49, P < 0.05). EDDF could evidently down-regulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in myocardial tissue from SHR and CaO rats (P < 0.01), lighten the ultrastructural lesion of cardiac muscle cells of SHR as well. It is concluded that EDDF seems to play protective
