中国目前正在经历快速的人口年龄结构调整,其必会对中国食物消费产生巨大的影响。该文利用中国健康与营养调查(China health and nutrition survey,CHNS)数据,对中国不同年龄居民的消费特征进行了分析,在此基础上,根据生命周期理论与Les...中国目前正在经历快速的人口年龄结构调整,其必会对中国食物消费产生巨大的影响。该文利用中国健康与营养调查(China health and nutrition survey,CHNS)数据,对中国不同年龄居民的消费特征进行了分析,在此基础上,根据生命周期理论与Leslie人口模型,预测2030年前中国各年龄的人口规模,进而判断人口年龄结构变化对中国主要食物消费量的影响。研究结果显示:1)不同年龄段居民的不同类别的食物消费规律明显,大致可分为4种类型:倒"U"型曲线消费(口粮、水产品、白酒)、"U"型曲线消费(牛奶)、阶段性直线消费(肉类3阶段消费规律、禽类2阶段消费规律)、无差异消费(禽蛋)。2)人口年龄结构对中国食物消费总量产生了明显的影响,包括正向影响(口粮、水产品、白酒)、负向影响(肉类、禽类)、先负后正影响(牛奶)、无明显影响(禽蛋)。3)在影响程度上,中国人口年龄结构的演变对肉类、禽类消费量的负向影响最为明显,至2030年,分别达到4.9%与11.2%的程度,对白酒的正向影响也达到8.2%的程度。对口粮、水产品、牛奶的影响程度相对较小,而对禽蛋几乎没有影响。由此可见,人口年龄结构的变化会使中国居民肉类消费需求增长及由此带来的粮食需求压力趋缓。展开更多
基于2011年我国12个省(直辖市)的中国健康与营养调查数据(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS),文章利用食物成分表重新估算我国城乡居民主要食品的消费量及在外消费特征,并与国家统计局公布的官方数据进行对比。结果显示:1)口粮方...基于2011年我国12个省(直辖市)的中国健康与营养调查数据(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS),文章利用食物成分表重新估算我国城乡居民主要食品的消费量及在外消费特征,并与国家统计局公布的官方数据进行对比。结果显示:1)口粮方面,2011年我国居民平均消费口粮量为119.93 kg,外出消费比例为9.91%。2)肉蛋奶类方面,2011年我国人均肉类消费量(猪牛羊禽)为32.84 kg,其中,猪肉消费量占69.85%,禽肉消费量占20.98%,牛羊肉消费量偏低,为9.20%。我国居民平均还消费蛋类10.90 kg、奶类13.56 kg。3)我国城镇居民口粮消费明显低于农村居民,肉蛋奶消费量明显高于农村居民,但农村居民肉蛋奶在外消费的比例要高于城镇居民。4)国家统计局公布的肉蛋奶数据整体上偏低,农村消费数据的偏低程度尤为严重,重点体现在鲜蛋、水产品与鲜奶产品上。国家统计局公布的食品消费数据多与CHNS数据的家庭内部消费数据相吻合,其数据偏小的原因可能是由于缺失户外消费数据的统计。从消费数量上来看,预计今后我国居民口粮消费量的下降空间已经非常有限,但肉蛋奶消费水平仍有较大的抬升空间,农业的生产压力与畜牧饲料大量进口的局面将持续存在。展开更多
中国居民健康与营养调查(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS)是由美国北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校人口中心与中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所(NINH)联合开展的国际合作的连续性的队列研究。该研究旨在探讨近30年来中国社会经济转...中国居民健康与营养调查(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS)是由美国北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校人口中心与中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所(NINH)联合开展的国际合作的连续性的队列研究。该研究旨在探讨近30年来中国社会经济转型和计划生育政策开展如何影响国民健康和营养状况,主要体现为疾病模式和卫生服务状况的持续变化,为社会新时期相关政策调整提供参考依据。CHNS项目信息及研究数据在CHNS网站公布且持续更新,面向公众开放。研究者可在CHNS网站申请获取CHNS研究数据并开展相关研究。本文将介绍CHNS项目研究背景,CHNS网站架构,CHNS数据申请获取及数据读取等。展开更多
目的探索中国成年人群膳食质量与感知压力的关联。方法选用中国健康与营养调查数据(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS),来探究中国成年人群中膳食质量与感知压力间的关联;采用中国健康膳食指数(Chinese Healthy Eating Index,CH...目的探索中国成年人群膳食质量与感知压力的关联。方法选用中国健康与营养调查数据(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS),来探究中国成年人群中膳食质量与感知压力间的关联;采用中国健康膳食指数(Chinese Healthy Eating Index,CHEI)评价中国成年人膳食质量;通过中国感知压力(Chinese Perceived Stress Scale,CPSS)量表来评估中国成年人感知压力;采用logistic回归分析来探索膳食质量与感知压力的关联;通过限制性立方样条来阐明膳食质量与感知压力的剂量反应关系。结果logistic回归显示,相比与CHEI得分<P_(25)的人群,CHEI得分处于P_(25)~P 50的成年人以及>P_(75)的成年人的高感知压力风险分别降低了15.1%(OR=0.849,95%CI:0.738~0.977)和23.0%(OR=0.770,95%CI:0.666~0.891);限制性立方样条结果显示,在总体人群中高感知压力风险的OR随着CHEI的增加逐渐降低,但这种关联在CHEI较低时并不显著。结论高膳食质量与高感知压力风险降低有关,研究可以为高膳食质量对高感知压力风险降低健康效应提供理论参考。展开更多
We aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary zinc intake with new-onset hypertension among Chinese adults.A total of 12,177 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline from the China Health and Nutri...We aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary zinc intake with new-onset hypertension among Chinese adults.A total of 12,177 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included.Dietary intake was assessed by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory.Participants with systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure≥90 mmHg or diagnosed by a physician or under antihypertensive treatment during the follow-up were defined as having new-onset hypertension.During a median follow-up duration of 6.1 years,4269 participants developed new-onset hypertension.Overall,the association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension followed a J-shape(P for non-linearity<0.001).The risk of new-onset hypertension significantly decreased with the increment of dietary zinc intake(per mg/day:hazard ratio(HR)0.93;95%confidence interval(CI)0.88–0.98)in participants with zinc intake<10.9 mg/day,and increased with the increment of zinc intake(per mg/day:HR 1.14;95%CI 1.11–1.16)in participants with zinc intake≥10.9 mg/day.In conclusion,there was a J-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension in general Chinese adults,with an inflection point at about 10.9 mg/day.展开更多
With the rapid development of China’s economy,Chinese people tend to eat foods rich in fat,sugar and protein.This change in dietary pattern has brought double challenges to China’s sustainable development of environ...With the rapid development of China’s economy,Chinese people tend to eat foods rich in fat,sugar and protein.This change in dietary pattern has brought double challenges to China’s sustainable development of environment and human health.So it has become urgent for the nation to shift to a healthy and sustainable dietary pattern.Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey database,this study used K-means cluster analysis to classify China’s existing dietary patterns into quasi-southern,quasi-northern and quasi-western patterns.Two alternative recommended dietary patterns,Chinese dietary and planet health patterns,were selected to compare the effects of environment and health.The results show that a shift from the three existing dietary patterns to two alternative dietary patterns could enhance sustainable development of environment,especially for the quasi-western pattern shifting to the planet health pattern.Also,a shift would have of great benefits for human health,effectively reduce the relative risks of diseases such as hypertension,type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.The greatest benefits would come from shifting the quasi-western pattern benefits to one of the two alternative dietary patterns in terms of environment effects,and the quasi-southern pattern benefits most in terms of health effects.Shifting to the planet health pattern is more effective than the Chinese dietary pattern both in environment and human health.This paper provides policy recommendations to vigorously advocate dietary balance,scientifically promote dietary patterns,and change consumer dietary behavior.展开更多
文摘中国目前正在经历快速的人口年龄结构调整,其必会对中国食物消费产生巨大的影响。该文利用中国健康与营养调查(China health and nutrition survey,CHNS)数据,对中国不同年龄居民的消费特征进行了分析,在此基础上,根据生命周期理论与Leslie人口模型,预测2030年前中国各年龄的人口规模,进而判断人口年龄结构变化对中国主要食物消费量的影响。研究结果显示:1)不同年龄段居民的不同类别的食物消费规律明显,大致可分为4种类型:倒"U"型曲线消费(口粮、水产品、白酒)、"U"型曲线消费(牛奶)、阶段性直线消费(肉类3阶段消费规律、禽类2阶段消费规律)、无差异消费(禽蛋)。2)人口年龄结构对中国食物消费总量产生了明显的影响,包括正向影响(口粮、水产品、白酒)、负向影响(肉类、禽类)、先负后正影响(牛奶)、无明显影响(禽蛋)。3)在影响程度上,中国人口年龄结构的演变对肉类、禽类消费量的负向影响最为明显,至2030年,分别达到4.9%与11.2%的程度,对白酒的正向影响也达到8.2%的程度。对口粮、水产品、牛奶的影响程度相对较小,而对禽蛋几乎没有影响。由此可见,人口年龄结构的变化会使中国居民肉类消费需求增长及由此带来的粮食需求压力趋缓。
文摘基于2011年我国12个省(直辖市)的中国健康与营养调查数据(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS),文章利用食物成分表重新估算我国城乡居民主要食品的消费量及在外消费特征,并与国家统计局公布的官方数据进行对比。结果显示:1)口粮方面,2011年我国居民平均消费口粮量为119.93 kg,外出消费比例为9.91%。2)肉蛋奶类方面,2011年我国人均肉类消费量(猪牛羊禽)为32.84 kg,其中,猪肉消费量占69.85%,禽肉消费量占20.98%,牛羊肉消费量偏低,为9.20%。我国居民平均还消费蛋类10.90 kg、奶类13.56 kg。3)我国城镇居民口粮消费明显低于农村居民,肉蛋奶消费量明显高于农村居民,但农村居民肉蛋奶在外消费的比例要高于城镇居民。4)国家统计局公布的肉蛋奶数据整体上偏低,农村消费数据的偏低程度尤为严重,重点体现在鲜蛋、水产品与鲜奶产品上。国家统计局公布的食品消费数据多与CHNS数据的家庭内部消费数据相吻合,其数据偏小的原因可能是由于缺失户外消费数据的统计。从消费数量上来看,预计今后我国居民口粮消费量的下降空间已经非常有限,但肉蛋奶消费水平仍有较大的抬升空间,农业的生产压力与畜牧饲料大量进口的局面将持续存在。
文摘中国居民健康与营养调查(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS)是由美国北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校人口中心与中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所(NINH)联合开展的国际合作的连续性的队列研究。该研究旨在探讨近30年来中国社会经济转型和计划生育政策开展如何影响国民健康和营养状况,主要体现为疾病模式和卫生服务状况的持续变化,为社会新时期相关政策调整提供参考依据。CHNS项目信息及研究数据在CHNS网站公布且持续更新,面向公众开放。研究者可在CHNS网站申请获取CHNS研究数据并开展相关研究。本文将介绍CHNS项目研究背景,CHNS网站架构,CHNS数据申请获取及数据读取等。
基金the National Institute for Nutrition and Health,China Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Carolina Population Center(P2C HD050924 and T32 HD007168)the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,the National Institutes of Health(NIH+3 种基金R01-HD30880,DK056350,R24 HD050924,and R01-HD38700)the NIH Fogarty International Center(D43 TW009077 and D43 TW007709)for financial support for the CHNS data collection and analysis files from 1989 to 2015 and future surveys,and the China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Ministry of Health for support for CHNS 2009,Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai since 2009,and Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control since 2011The study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Nos.2022YFC2009600 and 2022YFC2009605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81973133 and 81730019).
文摘We aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary zinc intake with new-onset hypertension among Chinese adults.A total of 12,177 participants who were free of hypertension at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included.Dietary intake was assessed by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory.Participants with systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure≥90 mmHg or diagnosed by a physician or under antihypertensive treatment during the follow-up were defined as having new-onset hypertension.During a median follow-up duration of 6.1 years,4269 participants developed new-onset hypertension.Overall,the association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension followed a J-shape(P for non-linearity<0.001).The risk of new-onset hypertension significantly decreased with the increment of dietary zinc intake(per mg/day:hazard ratio(HR)0.93;95%confidence interval(CI)0.88–0.98)in participants with zinc intake<10.9 mg/day,and increased with the increment of zinc intake(per mg/day:HR 1.14;95%CI 1.11–1.16)in participants with zinc intake≥10.9 mg/day.In conclusion,there was a J-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset hypertension in general Chinese adults,with an inflection point at about 10.9 mg/day.
文摘With the rapid development of China’s economy,Chinese people tend to eat foods rich in fat,sugar and protein.This change in dietary pattern has brought double challenges to China’s sustainable development of environment and human health.So it has become urgent for the nation to shift to a healthy and sustainable dietary pattern.Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey database,this study used K-means cluster analysis to classify China’s existing dietary patterns into quasi-southern,quasi-northern and quasi-western patterns.Two alternative recommended dietary patterns,Chinese dietary and planet health patterns,were selected to compare the effects of environment and health.The results show that a shift from the three existing dietary patterns to two alternative dietary patterns could enhance sustainable development of environment,especially for the quasi-western pattern shifting to the planet health pattern.Also,a shift would have of great benefits for human health,effectively reduce the relative risks of diseases such as hypertension,type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.The greatest benefits would come from shifting the quasi-western pattern benefits to one of the two alternative dietary patterns in terms of environment effects,and the quasi-southern pattern benefits most in terms of health effects.Shifting to the planet health pattern is more effective than the Chinese dietary pattern both in environment and human health.This paper provides policy recommendations to vigorously advocate dietary balance,scientifically promote dietary patterns,and change consumer dietary behavior.
