This paper indicates the problem of the famous Riemann hypothesis (RH), which has been well-verified by a definite answering method using a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) phase. We adopt mathematical induction, mappin...This paper indicates the problem of the famous Riemann hypothesis (RH), which has been well-verified by a definite answering method using a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) phase. We adopt mathematical induction, mappings, and laser photons governed by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to examine the existence of the RH. In considering the well-developed as Riemann zeta function, we find that the existence of RH has a corrected and self-consistent solution. Specifically, there is the only one pole at s = 1 on the complex plane for Riemann’s functions, which generalizes to all non-trivial zeros while s > 1. The essential solution is based on the BEC phases and on the nature of the laser photon(s). This work also incorporates Heisenberg commutators [ x^,p^]=1/2in the field of quantum mechanics. We found that a satisfactory solution for the RH would be incomplete without the formalism of Heisenberg commutators, BEC phases, and EIT effects. Ultimately, we propose the application of qubits in connection with the RH.展开更多
The quantum dynamic behavior of the system composed of V-type three-level atomic Bose-Einstein con-densate (BEC) interacting with two-mode coherent light field has been studied. The results show that the atoms of V-ty...The quantum dynamic behavior of the system composed of V-type three-level atomic Bose-Einstein con-densate (BEC) interacting with two-mode coherent light field has been studied. The results show that the atoms of V-type three-level atomic BEC, which are excited to higher-level states under the action of light field, still keep their properties of coherent states. It demonstrates theoretically that two-mode atomic laser may be prepared by V-type three-level atomic BEC.展开更多
In this article we have demonstrated BEC （Bose-Einstein Condensate） which is the fifth state of matter. Recent development of gamma-ray laser and scenario of black holes are highlighted. From the Stephen W. Hawking...In this article we have demonstrated BEC （Bose-Einstein Condensate） which is the fifth state of matter. Recent development of gamma-ray laser and scenario of black holes are highlighted. From the Stephen W. Hawking＇s lecture at KTH, Stockholm and the experimental evidence of LIGO scientific collaboration, USA, it is found that binary type black holes exist and can emit information which is detectable. Hence the source of information of black holes is not relay black; constituents are the densest state of material considered to be the fifth state and the primordial state of the Universe.展开更多
We propose that the exotic meson tetraquark u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>dũintroduced in previous papers, may be a pseudo-Goldstone boson having a tetrahedron geometry and symmetry. The transition ...We propose that the exotic meson tetraquark u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>dũintroduced in previous papers, may be a pseudo-Goldstone boson having a tetrahedron geometry and symmetry. The transition from the neutral pion superposition of two free mesons, d<sub>d</sub>~</sup> and uũ, to the tetrahedron geometry with optional two chiral states may be the symmetry breaking of the QCD ground state. The u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>dũtetrahedron mass may be calculated by measuring the β decay rate variability. We assume that electrons and positrons are composite particle exotic tetraquarks, dũd<sub>d</sub>~</sup> for the electrons and u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>d<sub>d</sub>~</sup> for the positrons and confined by the strong force. We propose that the QCD tetrahedrons play a central role in electron pairing mechanism in both chemical bond forming and superconductor Cooper pairs. We propose a hypothesis where the QCD ground state tetrahedrons play a central role in low energy physics where quark exchange reactions between particles and the QCD tetrahedrons via gluon junctions transfer all the forces. The QCD ground state u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>dũtetrahedrons hypothesis provides a symmetry breaking and a mass gap may be created by the ground state QCD tetrahedrons Bose-Einstein condensate.展开更多
文摘This paper indicates the problem of the famous Riemann hypothesis (RH), which has been well-verified by a definite answering method using a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) phase. We adopt mathematical induction, mappings, and laser photons governed by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to examine the existence of the RH. In considering the well-developed as Riemann zeta function, we find that the existence of RH has a corrected and self-consistent solution. Specifically, there is the only one pole at s = 1 on the complex plane for Riemann’s functions, which generalizes to all non-trivial zeros while s > 1. The essential solution is based on the BEC phases and on the nature of the laser photon(s). This work also incorporates Heisenberg commutators [ x^,p^]=1/2in the field of quantum mechanics. We found that a satisfactory solution for the RH would be incomplete without the formalism of Heisenberg commutators, BEC phases, and EIT effects. Ultimately, we propose the application of qubits in connection with the RH.
文摘The quantum dynamic behavior of the system composed of V-type three-level atomic Bose-Einstein con-densate (BEC) interacting with two-mode coherent light field has been studied. The results show that the atoms of V-type three-level atomic BEC, which are excited to higher-level states under the action of light field, still keep their properties of coherent states. It demonstrates theoretically that two-mode atomic laser may be prepared by V-type three-level atomic BEC.
文摘In this article we have demonstrated BEC （Bose-Einstein Condensate） which is the fifth state of matter. Recent development of gamma-ray laser and scenario of black holes are highlighted. From the Stephen W. Hawking＇s lecture at KTH, Stockholm and the experimental evidence of LIGO scientific collaboration, USA, it is found that binary type black holes exist and can emit information which is detectable. Hence the source of information of black holes is not relay black; constituents are the densest state of material considered to be the fifth state and the primordial state of the Universe.
文摘We propose that the exotic meson tetraquark u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>dũintroduced in previous papers, may be a pseudo-Goldstone boson having a tetrahedron geometry and symmetry. The transition from the neutral pion superposition of two free mesons, d<sub>d</sub>~</sup> and uũ, to the tetrahedron geometry with optional two chiral states may be the symmetry breaking of the QCD ground state. The u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>dũtetrahedron mass may be calculated by measuring the β decay rate variability. We assume that electrons and positrons are composite particle exotic tetraquarks, dũd<sub>d</sub>~</sup> for the electrons and u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>d<sub>d</sub>~</sup> for the positrons and confined by the strong force. We propose that the QCD tetrahedrons play a central role in electron pairing mechanism in both chemical bond forming and superconductor Cooper pairs. We propose a hypothesis where the QCD ground state tetrahedrons play a central role in low energy physics where quark exchange reactions between particles and the QCD tetrahedrons via gluon junctions transfer all the forces. The QCD ground state u<sub>d</sub>~</sup>dũtetrahedrons hypothesis provides a symmetry breaking and a mass gap may be created by the ground state QCD tetrahedrons Bose-Einstein condensate.
