Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into tissues of both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal origin. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblastic, chondrogenic, an...Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into tissues of both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal origin. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblastic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages, although recent studies have demonstrated that MSCs are also able to differentiate into other lineages, including neuronal and cardiomyogenic lineages. Since their original isolation from the bone marrow, MSCs have been successfully harvested from many other tissues. Their ease of isolation and ex vivo expansion combined with their immunoprivileged nature has made these cells popular candidates for stem cell therapies. These cells have the potential to alter disease pathophysiology through many modalities including cytokine secretion, capacity to differentiate along various lineages, immune modulation and direct cell-cell interaction with diseased tissue. Here we first review basic features of MSC biology including MSC characteristics in culture, homing mechanisms, differentiation capabilities and immune modulation. We then highlight some in vivo and clinical evidence supporting the therapeutic roles of MSCs and their uses in orthopedic, autoimmune, and ischemic disorders.展开更多
背景:目前,自体髂骨移植被广泛认为是治疗骨缺损的"金标准";然而,髂嵴供骨区常出现并发症,限制了其在临床上的推广使用。目的:采用循证医学研究方法,对已发表相关文献进行汇总分析,总结自体髂骨植骨后供骨区并发症的种类及发...背景:目前,自体髂骨移植被广泛认为是治疗骨缺损的"金标准";然而,髂嵴供骨区常出现并发症,限制了其在临床上的推广使用。目的:采用循证医学研究方法,对已发表相关文献进行汇总分析,总结自体髂骨植骨后供骨区并发症的种类及发生率。方法:检索Pub Med Medline、Ovid Medline、Cochrane Database、Embase Database等数据库,检索时间范围:2002年1月至2011年12月,以"Iliac crest bone graft"或"autologous bone graft"或"bone graft donor site"或"complication"或"Morbidity"为检索词,共检索到174篇文献。根据检索条件及评价标准,最终筛选出30篇临床研究报道进行Meta分析,共计2476例患者。采用SPSS13.0和R软件及其Meta程序包对检索结果进行统计分析。结果与结论:自体髂骨植骨后供骨区主要并发症包括供骨区≥6个月长期疼痛(发生率=7.88%,95%可信区间4.76%-12.79%)、供骨区感染(发生率=4.26%,95%可信区间2.95%-6.12%)、血肿及血清肿(发生率=6.55%,95%可信区间4.90%-8.70%)、神经损伤(发生率=5.85%,95%可信区间3.46%-9.71%)、感觉障碍(发生率=10.1%,95%可信区间6.07%-16.23%)。可见髂骨取骨后并发症发生率较高,临床医师应予以重视。展开更多
基金Supported by (in part) Research Grants from the Brinson Foundation (to He TC)the Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation (to Haydon RC and Luu HH)+3 种基金the National Institutes of Health (to He TC, Haydon RC, Luu HH and Reid RR)The 863 Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China,#2007AA2z400 (to He TC and Deng ZL)the Natural Science Foundation of China (#30901530 to Luo X, #30800658 to Luo J,and #30772211 to Deng ZL)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission#2008BB5396 (to Chen L) and #2009BB5060 (to Luo J)
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into tissues of both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal origin. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblastic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages, although recent studies have demonstrated that MSCs are also able to differentiate into other lineages, including neuronal and cardiomyogenic lineages. Since their original isolation from the bone marrow, MSCs have been successfully harvested from many other tissues. Their ease of isolation and ex vivo expansion combined with their immunoprivileged nature has made these cells popular candidates for stem cell therapies. These cells have the potential to alter disease pathophysiology through many modalities including cytokine secretion, capacity to differentiate along various lineages, immune modulation and direct cell-cell interaction with diseased tissue. Here we first review basic features of MSC biology including MSC characteristics in culture, homing mechanisms, differentiation capabilities and immune modulation. We then highlight some in vivo and clinical evidence supporting the therapeutic roles of MSCs and their uses in orthopedic, autoimmune, and ischemic disorders.
文摘背景:目前,自体髂骨移植被广泛认为是治疗骨缺损的"金标准";然而,髂嵴供骨区常出现并发症,限制了其在临床上的推广使用。目的:采用循证医学研究方法,对已发表相关文献进行汇总分析,总结自体髂骨植骨后供骨区并发症的种类及发生率。方法:检索Pub Med Medline、Ovid Medline、Cochrane Database、Embase Database等数据库,检索时间范围:2002年1月至2011年12月,以"Iliac crest bone graft"或"autologous bone graft"或"bone graft donor site"或"complication"或"Morbidity"为检索词,共检索到174篇文献。根据检索条件及评价标准,最终筛选出30篇临床研究报道进行Meta分析,共计2476例患者。采用SPSS13.0和R软件及其Meta程序包对检索结果进行统计分析。结果与结论:自体髂骨植骨后供骨区主要并发症包括供骨区≥6个月长期疼痛(发生率=7.88%,95%可信区间4.76%-12.79%)、供骨区感染(发生率=4.26%,95%可信区间2.95%-6.12%)、血肿及血清肿(发生率=6.55%,95%可信区间4.90%-8.70%)、神经损伤(发生率=5.85%,95%可信区间3.46%-9.71%)、感觉障碍(发生率=10.1%,95%可信区间6.07%-16.23%)。可见髂骨取骨后并发症发生率较高,临床医师应予以重视。
