Objective: To provide an overview of the incidence and mortality of female breast cancer for countries in the Asia-Pacific region.Methods: Statistical information about breast cancer was obtained from publicly availab...Objective: To provide an overview of the incidence and mortality of female breast cancer for countries in the Asia-Pacific region.Methods: Statistical information about breast cancer was obtained from publicly available cancer registry and mortality databases(such as GLOBOCAN), and supplemented with data requested from individual cancer registries. Rates were directly age-standardised to the Segi World Standard population and trends were analysed using joinpoint models.Results: Breast cancer was the most common type of cancer among females in the region, accounting for 18% of all cases in 2012, and was the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths(9%). Although incidence rates remain much higher in New Zealand and Australia, rapid rises in recent years were observed in several Asian countries. Large increases in breast cancer mortality rates also occurred in many areas, particularly Malaysia and Thailand, in contrast to stabilising trends in Hong Kong and Singapore, while decreases have been recorded in Australia and New Zealand. Mortality trends tended to be more favourable for women aged under 50 compared to those who were 50 years or older. Conclusion: It is anticipated that incidence rates of breast cancer in developing countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region will continue to increase. Early detection and access to optimal treatment are the keys to reducing breast cancerrelated mortality, but cultural and economic obstacles persist. Consequently, the challenge is to customise breast cancer control initiatives to the particular needs of each country to ensure the best possible outcomes.展开更多
对GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/BDS组合实时PPP(precise point positioning)在亚太地区的性能进行了评估,利用25个测站的数据进行分析。结果表明,在静态模式下,和GPS单系统实时PPP相比,四系统组合实时PPP的收敛时间在东、北、高三个方向分别改...对GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/BDS组合实时PPP(precise point positioning)在亚太地区的性能进行了评估,利用25个测站的数据进行分析。结果表明,在静态模式下,和GPS单系统实时PPP相比,四系统组合实时PPP的收敛时间在东、北、高三个方向分别改善了43%、19%、26%,定位精度在三个方向分别改善了16%、25%、10%;在动态模式下,相应的收敛时间改善为61%、35%、51%,相应的精度改善为29%、30%、21%。展开更多
基金supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Career Development Fellowship (Grant No.1005334)
文摘Objective: To provide an overview of the incidence and mortality of female breast cancer for countries in the Asia-Pacific region.Methods: Statistical information about breast cancer was obtained from publicly available cancer registry and mortality databases(such as GLOBOCAN), and supplemented with data requested from individual cancer registries. Rates were directly age-standardised to the Segi World Standard population and trends were analysed using joinpoint models.Results: Breast cancer was the most common type of cancer among females in the region, accounting for 18% of all cases in 2012, and was the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths(9%). Although incidence rates remain much higher in New Zealand and Australia, rapid rises in recent years were observed in several Asian countries. Large increases in breast cancer mortality rates also occurred in many areas, particularly Malaysia and Thailand, in contrast to stabilising trends in Hong Kong and Singapore, while decreases have been recorded in Australia and New Zealand. Mortality trends tended to be more favourable for women aged under 50 compared to those who were 50 years or older. Conclusion: It is anticipated that incidence rates of breast cancer in developing countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region will continue to increase. Early detection and access to optimal treatment are the keys to reducing breast cancerrelated mortality, but cultural and economic obstacles persist. Consequently, the challenge is to customise breast cancer control initiatives to the particular needs of each country to ensure the best possible outcomes.
文摘对GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/BDS组合实时PPP(precise point positioning)在亚太地区的性能进行了评估,利用25个测站的数据进行分析。结果表明,在静态模式下,和GPS单系统实时PPP相比,四系统组合实时PPP的收敛时间在东、北、高三个方向分别改善了43%、19%、26%,定位精度在三个方向分别改善了16%、25%、10%;在动态模式下,相应的收敛时间改善为61%、35%、51%,相应的精度改善为29%、30%、21%。