The aim of the present study was to check the antimicrobial potential of eleven different aqueous leaf extracts on Xanthomonas campestris, Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Aspergillus fumigatus based on formation of the z...The aim of the present study was to check the antimicrobial potential of eleven different aqueous leaf extracts on Xanthomonas campestris, Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Aspergillus fumigatus based on formation of the zone of inhibition (ZOI). Prosopis juliflora showed maximum and significant inhibitory effect on the growth of all the three pathogens. In case of Xanthomonas campestris the effect of this plant extract was almost equal to the strength of Streptomycin 10 mcg, (the metric system uses the term mcg to represent micrograms). Aqueous extracts of some plants formed low zone of inhibition. While some plant extracts were comparatively more effective against all the three pathogens (Xanthomonas campestris, Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Aspergillus fumigatus).展开更多
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) leaf aqueous extracts (PLAE) has been reputed to be a type of sleep-aid in China. To investigate the sedative effects and effect pathways of PLAE, rats (n = 31) were employed in two experi...Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) leaf aqueous extracts (PLAE) has been reputed to be a type of sleep-aid in China. To investigate the sedative effects and effect pathways of PLAE, rats (n = 31) were employed in two experiments and intragastrically administrated of (1) distilled water, PLAE (500 mg/kg body weight (BW)) and peanut stem aqueous extracts (PSAE, 500 mg/kg BW);(2) 0, 100 or 500 mg/kg BW of PLAE, respectively for at least 14 days. Six relevant neurotransmitters were measured finally. Experiment-1 (n = 16) results showed that the brain Lactate were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in rat cerebrums after PLAE administrations, compared with Control and PSAE groups. In respect of brain energy system, significant degradations of the brain adenosine triphos- phate (ATP) (p < 0.05) were observed in the brainstems and even the whole brains of rats though PLAE treatments. Moreover, we found that the brain Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were clearly decreased (p < 0.05) in rat cerebrum and brainstem regions, while the brain Adenosine revealed an increasing propensity (p = 0.076) in the cerebrums of freely behaving rats. After experiment-2 (n = 15), the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentrations were statistically (p < 0.05) enhanced and the ratios of Glutamate/GABA were simultaneously reduced (p < 0.05) in rat brainstems, no matter which one dose (100 or 500 mg/kg BW) of PLAE were used. Results indicated that PLAE could influence the target neurotransmitters that related to rat circadian rhythms in the specific brain regions, possessing the potentialities as a sedative or sleep-aid for hypnic therapy purposes.展开更多
文摘The aim of the present study was to check the antimicrobial potential of eleven different aqueous leaf extracts on Xanthomonas campestris, Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Aspergillus fumigatus based on formation of the zone of inhibition (ZOI). Prosopis juliflora showed maximum and significant inhibitory effect on the growth of all the three pathogens. In case of Xanthomonas campestris the effect of this plant extract was almost equal to the strength of Streptomycin 10 mcg, (the metric system uses the term mcg to represent micrograms). Aqueous extracts of some plants formed low zone of inhibition. While some plant extracts were comparatively more effective against all the three pathogens (Xanthomonas campestris, Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Aspergillus fumigatus).
文摘Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) leaf aqueous extracts (PLAE) has been reputed to be a type of sleep-aid in China. To investigate the sedative effects and effect pathways of PLAE, rats (n = 31) were employed in two experiments and intragastrically administrated of (1) distilled water, PLAE (500 mg/kg body weight (BW)) and peanut stem aqueous extracts (PSAE, 500 mg/kg BW);(2) 0, 100 or 500 mg/kg BW of PLAE, respectively for at least 14 days. Six relevant neurotransmitters were measured finally. Experiment-1 (n = 16) results showed that the brain Lactate were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in rat cerebrums after PLAE administrations, compared with Control and PSAE groups. In respect of brain energy system, significant degradations of the brain adenosine triphos- phate (ATP) (p < 0.05) were observed in the brainstems and even the whole brains of rats though PLAE treatments. Moreover, we found that the brain Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were clearly decreased (p < 0.05) in rat cerebrum and brainstem regions, while the brain Adenosine revealed an increasing propensity (p = 0.076) in the cerebrums of freely behaving rats. After experiment-2 (n = 15), the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentrations were statistically (p < 0.05) enhanced and the ratios of Glutamate/GABA were simultaneously reduced (p < 0.05) in rat brainstems, no matter which one dose (100 or 500 mg/kg BW) of PLAE were used. Results indicated that PLAE could influence the target neurotransmitters that related to rat circadian rhythms in the specific brain regions, possessing the potentialities as a sedative or sleep-aid for hypnic therapy purposes.
