Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a relatively common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis, but might also occur in absence of an overt liver disease. Several causes, either local or systemic, might play an imp...Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a relatively common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis, but might also occur in absence of an overt liver disease. Several causes, either local or systemic, might play an important role in PVT pathogenesis. Frequently, more than one risk factor could be identified; however, occasionally no single factor is discernable. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and imaging are helpful to provide a quick diagnosis, as prompt treatment might greatly affect a patient's outcome. In this review, we analyze the physiopathological mechanisms of PVT development, together with the hemodynamic and functional alterations related to this condition. Moreover, we describe the principal factors most frequently involved in PVT development and the recent knowledge concerning diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Finally, we analyze the implications of PVT in the setting of liver transplantation and its possible influence on patients' future prognoses.展开更多
AIM:Microcirculatory disturbances are important early pathophysiological events in various organs during acute pancreatitis.The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in microperfusion of the pancreas,liver,kidney,s...AIM:Microcirculatory disturbances are important early pathophysiological events in various organs during acute pancreatitis.The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in microperfusion of the pancreas,liver,kidney,stomach, colon,skeletal muscle,and to investigate the influence of heparin on the organ microcirculation in caerulein-induced experimental acute pancreatitis. METHODS:Acute pancreatitis was induced by 4 intraperitoneal injections of caerulein(Cn)(15 μg/kg).The organ microcirculation was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry.Serum interleukin 6 and hematocrit levels were analysed. RESULTS:Acute pancreatitis resulted in a significant drop of microperfusion in all examined organs.Heparin administration(2×2.5 mg/kg)improved the microcirculation in pancreas(36.9±4% vs 75.9±10%),liver(56.6±6% vs 75.2±16%),kidney (45.1±6% vs 79.3±5%),stomach (65.2±8% vs 78.1±19%),colon(69.8±6% vs 102.5±19%), and skeletal muscle (59.2±6% vs 77.9±13%).Heparin treatment lowered IL-6(359.0±66 U/mL vs 288.5±58 U/mL) and hematocrit level(53±4% vs 46±3%). CONCLUSION:Heparin administration has a positive influence on organ microcirculatory disturbances accompanying experimental Cn-induced acute pancreatitis.展开更多
目的观察不同强度华法林抗凝治疗对高龄稳定性冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者的疗效和安全性。方法选择高龄稳定性冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者91例,随机分为低强度组45例,华法林初始量为1.25mg/d,如国际标准化比值（INR）〈1.4,3-5...目的观察不同强度华法林抗凝治疗对高龄稳定性冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者的疗效和安全性。方法选择高龄稳定性冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者91例,随机分为低强度组45例,华法林初始量为1.25mg/d,如国际标准化比值（INR）〈1.4,3-5d加0.5-1.0mg/d,INR维持1.4-2.0;中强度组46例,INR维持2.0-2.6。平均随访2年,比较2组主要终点（缺血性脑卒中、体循环栓塞）和次要终点（非致命性心肌梗死、全因死亡联合终点）及安全性终点（致命性出血、严重出血和轻度出血）。结果与中强度组比较,低强度组INR明显降低（1.70±0.36 vs 2.35±0.37,P=0.034）,华法林用量明显减少[（2.70±0.30）mg/d vs（3.50±0.35）mg/d,P=0.040]。中强度组安全性终点中的总出血事件比例明显高于低强度组（17.4%vs 4.4%,P=0.040）。结论高龄稳定性冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者,华法林低强度与中强度抗凝治疗比较,预防缺血性心脑血管事件终点相似,但安全性甚好。展开更多
文摘Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a relatively common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis, but might also occur in absence of an overt liver disease. Several causes, either local or systemic, might play an important role in PVT pathogenesis. Frequently, more than one risk factor could be identified; however, occasionally no single factor is discernable. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and imaging are helpful to provide a quick diagnosis, as prompt treatment might greatly affect a patient's outcome. In this review, we analyze the physiopathological mechanisms of PVT development, together with the hemodynamic and functional alterations related to this condition. Moreover, we describe the principal factors most frequently involved in PVT development and the recent knowledge concerning diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Finally, we analyze the implications of PVT in the setting of liver transplantation and its possible influence on patients' future prognoses.
基金Supported by Medical University of Gda■sk,grant W-120,Poland
文摘AIM:Microcirculatory disturbances are important early pathophysiological events in various organs during acute pancreatitis.The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in microperfusion of the pancreas,liver,kidney,stomach, colon,skeletal muscle,and to investigate the influence of heparin on the organ microcirculation in caerulein-induced experimental acute pancreatitis. METHODS:Acute pancreatitis was induced by 4 intraperitoneal injections of caerulein(Cn)(15 μg/kg).The organ microcirculation was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry.Serum interleukin 6 and hematocrit levels were analysed. RESULTS:Acute pancreatitis resulted in a significant drop of microperfusion in all examined organs.Heparin administration(2×2.5 mg/kg)improved the microcirculation in pancreas(36.9±4% vs 75.9±10%),liver(56.6±6% vs 75.2±16%),kidney (45.1±6% vs 79.3±5%),stomach (65.2±8% vs 78.1±19%),colon(69.8±6% vs 102.5±19%), and skeletal muscle (59.2±6% vs 77.9±13%).Heparin treatment lowered IL-6(359.0±66 U/mL vs 288.5±58 U/mL) and hematocrit level(53±4% vs 46±3%). CONCLUSION:Heparin administration has a positive influence on organ microcirculatory disturbances accompanying experimental Cn-induced acute pancreatitis.
文摘目的观察不同强度华法林抗凝治疗对高龄稳定性冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者的疗效和安全性。方法选择高龄稳定性冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者91例,随机分为低强度组45例,华法林初始量为1.25mg/d,如国际标准化比值（INR）〈1.4,3-5d加0.5-1.0mg/d,INR维持1.4-2.0;中强度组46例,INR维持2.0-2.6。平均随访2年,比较2组主要终点（缺血性脑卒中、体循环栓塞）和次要终点（非致命性心肌梗死、全因死亡联合终点）及安全性终点（致命性出血、严重出血和轻度出血）。结果与中强度组比较,低强度组INR明显降低（1.70±0.36 vs 2.35±0.37,P=0.034）,华法林用量明显减少[（2.70±0.30）mg/d vs（3.50±0.35）mg/d,P=0.040]。中强度组安全性终点中的总出血事件比例明显高于低强度组（17.4%vs 4.4%,P=0.040）。结论高龄稳定性冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者,华法林低强度与中强度抗凝治疗比较,预防缺血性心脑血管事件终点相似,但安全性甚好。
