介观太阳能电池(Mesoscopic Solar Cells)作为新一代太阳能电池的突出代表,具有原材料来源丰富,制备工艺简单,光电转换效率高等优点,从而具有广阔的应用前景.本工作简要评述了全固态介观太阳能电池从染料敏化太阳能电池(Dye-sensitized ...介观太阳能电池(Mesoscopic Solar Cells)作为新一代太阳能电池的突出代表,具有原材料来源丰富,制备工艺简单,光电转换效率高等优点,从而具有广阔的应用前景.本工作简要评述了全固态介观太阳能电池从染料敏化太阳能电池(Dye-sensitized solar cells)发展到钙钛矿太阳能电池(Perovskite solar cells)过程中新材料、新技术和新概念的研究进展.1998年,Gr?tzel课题组首次将固态有机空穴传输材料spiro-OMeTAD应用到染料敏化太阳能电池中,制备出全固态染料敏化太阳能电池,虽然仅获得了0.74%的光电转换效率,但是却使得全固态染料敏化太阳能电池迅速发展成为介观太阳能电池的重要研究方向.2012年,Park与Gr?tzel课题组合作,使用钙钛矿型吸光材料(CH3NH3)PbI3作为敏化剂,spiro-OMeTAD作为空穴收集层,制备出光电转换效率达到9.7%的全固态介观太阳能电池,又被称为钙钛矿太阳能电池.自此,基于钙钛矿材料的介观太阳能电池迅速成为太阳能电池领域的研究热点.目前,钙钛矿太阳能电池的最高公证效率已经达到20.1%.钙钛矿太阳能电池作为介观太阳能电池商业化道路上里程碑式的突破,在材料开发、界面优化以及器件稳定性方面的研究仍充满挑战,也期待新的突破.展开更多
All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries(ASSLSBs)employing sulfide solid electrolytes are one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their potential for higher energy density and safety.Ho...All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries(ASSLSBs)employing sulfide solid electrolytes are one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their potential for higher energy density and safety.However,scalable fabrication of sheet-type sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading and excellent performances remains challenging.In this work,sheet-type freestanding sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading were fabricated by dry electrode technology.The unique fibrous morphologies of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)binders in dry electrodes not only provides excellent mechanical properties but also uncompromised ionic/electronic conductance.Even employed with thickened dry cathodes with high sulfur loading of 2 mg cm^(-2),ASSLSBs still exhibit outstanding rate performance and cycle stability.Moreover,the all-solid-state lithium-sulfur monolayer pouch cells(9.2 m Ah)were also demonstrated and exhibited excellent safety under a harsh test situation.This work verifies the potential of dry electrode technology in the scalable fabrication of thickened sulfur cathodes and will promote the practical applications of ASSLSBs.展开更多
All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)with solid-state electrolytes and lithium-metal anodes have been regarded as a promis-ing battery technology to alleviate range anxiety and address safety issues due to their high energ...All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)with solid-state electrolytes and lithium-metal anodes have been regarded as a promis-ing battery technology to alleviate range anxiety and address safety issues due to their high energy density and high safety.Understanding the fundamental physical and chemical science of ASSBs is of great importance to battery development.To confirm and supplement experimental study,theoretical computation provides a powerful approach to probe the thermody-namic and kinetic behavior of battery materials and their interfaces,resulting in the design of better batteries.In this review,we assess recent progress in the theoretical computations of solid electrolytes and the interfaces between the electrodes and electrolytes of ASSBs.We review the role of theoretical computation in studying the following:ion transport mechanisms,grain boundaries,phase stability,chemical and electrochemical stability,mechanical properties,design strategies and high-throughput screening of inorganic solid electrolytes,mechanical stability,space-charge layers,interface buffer layers and dendrite growth at electrode/electrolyte interfaces.Finally,we provide perspectives on the shortcomings,challenges and opportunities of theoretical computation in regard to ASSBs.展开更多
Robust and easy-to-handle solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) based on graphite paste have been developed for the potentiometric detection of NO-3 and NH+4 in environmental samples. Polypyrrole (PPy) has ...Robust and easy-to-handle solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) based on graphite paste have been developed for the potentiometric detection of NO-3 and NH+4 in environmental samples. Polypyrrole (PPy) has been used as intermediate layer and solid contact between the electron-conducting graphite paste substrate and the ion-conducting polyvinylchloride (PVC)-containing membrane with the immobilized ionophore. For the nitrate- and ammonium-selective electrodes, tridodecylmethylammonium nitrate (TDMA-NO3) and nonactin have been used as ion-complexing compounds, respectively. Both ISEs show nearly Nernstian response in the linear range from 10-5 mol/L to 10-1 mol/L with average slopes of >58 mV/decade. The ISEs possess short response times (<20 s).展开更多
Inorganic solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are nonflammable alternatives to the commercial liquid-phase electrolytes.This enables the use of lithium(Li)metal as an anode,providing high-energy density and improved stabili...Inorganic solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are nonflammable alternatives to the commercial liquid-phase electrolytes.This enables the use of lithium(Li)metal as an anode,providing high-energy density and improved stability by avoiding unwanted liquid-phase chemical reactions.Among the different types of SSEs,the garnet-type electrolytes witness a rapid development and are considered as one of the top candidates to pair with Li metal due to their high ionic conductivity,thermal,and electrochemical stability.However,the large resistances at the interface between garnet-type electrolytes and cathode/anode are the major bottlenecks for delivering desirable electrochemical performances of all-solid-state batteries(SSBs).The electrolyte/anode interface also suffers from metallic dendrite formation,leading to rapid performance degradation.This is a fundamental material challenge due to the poor contact and wettability between garnet-type electrolytes with electrode materials.Here,we summarize and analyze the recent contributions in mitigating such materials challenges at the interface.Strategies used to address these challenges are divided into different categories with regard to their working principles.On one hand,progress has been made in the anode/garnet interface,such as the successful application of Li-alloy anode and different artificial interlayers,significantly improving interfacial performance.On the other hand,the desired cathode/garnet interface is still hard to reach due to the complex chemical and physical structure at the cathode.The common methods used are nanostructured cathode host and sintering additives for increasing the contact area.On the basis of this information,we present our views on the remaining challenges and future research of electrode/garnet interface.This review not only motivates the need for further understanding of the fundamentals,stability,and modifications of the garnet/electrode interfaces but also provides guidelines for the future design of the interface for SSB.展开更多
硝酸盐含量常用于判断水体质量和受污染程度,是重要的水质检测指标。以玻碳电极为基底电极、聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)为固态接触层、聚氯乙烯(PVC)为敏感基膜制备了一种新型全固态硝酸根离子选择性电极,并考察了该电极的电化学特性。...硝酸盐含量常用于判断水体质量和受污染程度,是重要的水质检测指标。以玻碳电极为基底电极、聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)为固态接触层、聚氯乙烯(PVC)为敏感基膜制备了一种新型全固态硝酸根离子选择性电极,并考察了该电极的电化学特性。结果表明,以PEDOT为固态接触层能有效促进电极离子—电子之间信号传导,提高电极的稳定性。该电极在1×10^(-1)~1×10^(-5)mol/L范围内的硝酸铵溶液中呈良好的能斯特响应,响应斜率可达53.7 m V/dec,响应时间在50 s以内。该电极的重现性、选择性好,使用寿命超过3个月。展开更多
Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes with ultrahigh lithium ion conductivities have been considered as the most promising electrolyte system to enable practical all-solid-state batteries.However,the practical applic...Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes with ultrahigh lithium ion conductivities have been considered as the most promising electrolyte system to enable practical all-solid-state batteries.However,the practical applications of the sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries are hindered by severe interfacial issues as well as large-scale material preparation and battery fabrication problems.Liquid-involved interfacial treatments and preparation processes compatible with current battery manufacturing capable of improving electrode/electrolyte interface contacts and realizing the mass production of sulfide electrolytes and the scalable fabrication of sulfide-based battery component have attracted considerable attention.In this perspective,the current advances in liquid-involved treatments and processes in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries are summarized.Then relative chemical mechanisms and existing challenges are included.Finally,future guidance is also proposed for sulfide-based batteries.Focusing on the sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries,we aim at providing a fresh insight on understandings towards liquid-involved processes and promoting the development of all-solid-state batteries with higher energy density and better safety.展开更多
As a low-cost photovoltaic technology, dye- sensitized solar cell （DSSC） has attracted widespread attention in the past decade. During its development to commercial application, decreasing the production cost and in...As a low-cost photovoltaic technology, dye- sensitized solar cell （DSSC） has attracted widespread attention in the past decade. During its development to commercial application, decreasing the production cost and increasing the device stability take the most impor- tance. Compared with conventional sandwich structure liquid-state DSSCs, monolithic all-solid-state mesoscopic solar cells based on mesoscopic carbon counter electrodes and solid-state electrolytes present much lower production cost and provide a prospect of long-term stability. This review presents the recent progress of materials and achievement for all-solid-state DSSCs. In particular, representative examples are highlighted with the results of our monolithic all-solid-state mesoscopic solar cell devices and modules.展开更多
This paper describes preparation, characterization and electrochemical performance of novel planar miniaturized all-solid-state (ASS) screen-printed potentiometric sensors for the detection of Ca2+ ions in environment...This paper describes preparation, characterization and electrochemical performance of novel planar miniaturized all-solid-state (ASS) screen-printed potentiometric sensors for the detection of Ca2+ ions in environmental samples. Screen-printed graphite-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and screen-printed reference electrodes based on silver-containing pastes have been applied in a space saving manner on common ceramic substrates with small dimensions. Applications to environmental samples are shown by direct potentiometry and potentiometric titrations in real water samples. Conducting polymers (CPs) have been used as solid-contact materials and as intermediate layer between the polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-containing ion-selective membrane and the graphite-containing substrate. Different diamides have been incorporated into the PVC membrane. In the range from 10-4 mol/L to 10-1 mol/L, the ISEs show linear slopes of 27 mV/decade, which is close to the Nernstian response. Moreover, the ISEs have response times of 6 months. The novel potentiometric ASS sensors enable simple and exact Ca2+ determinations in real samples.展开更多
All solid state lithium battery is a promising next generation battery system with improved cycle life, en ergy density, especially safety. However, its development is greatly hampered by a large impedance between the...All solid state lithium battery is a promising next generation battery system with improved cycle life, en ergy density, especially safety. However, its development is greatly hampered by a large impedance between the solid state electrolyte/electrode interface. How to build an ideal electrolyte/electrode interface to improve the inter facial stability and reduce the interracial resistance is a huge challenge for improving battery performance. This pa per reviews interracial problems and introduces the formation mechanism of different interface layers between elec trodes and electrolytes. In addition, the strategies for improving interracial contact and reducing interracial resist ance are described in detail. Finally, the research directions for engineering interfaces in all solid state lithium bat teries are proposed.展开更多
文摘介观太阳能电池(Mesoscopic Solar Cells)作为新一代太阳能电池的突出代表,具有原材料来源丰富,制备工艺简单,光电转换效率高等优点,从而具有广阔的应用前景.本工作简要评述了全固态介观太阳能电池从染料敏化太阳能电池(Dye-sensitized solar cells)发展到钙钛矿太阳能电池(Perovskite solar cells)过程中新材料、新技术和新概念的研究进展.1998年,Gr?tzel课题组首次将固态有机空穴传输材料spiro-OMeTAD应用到染料敏化太阳能电池中,制备出全固态染料敏化太阳能电池,虽然仅获得了0.74%的光电转换效率,但是却使得全固态染料敏化太阳能电池迅速发展成为介观太阳能电池的重要研究方向.2012年,Park与Gr?tzel课题组合作,使用钙钛矿型吸光材料(CH3NH3)PbI3作为敏化剂,spiro-OMeTAD作为空穴收集层,制备出光电转换效率达到9.7%的全固态介观太阳能电池,又被称为钙钛矿太阳能电池.自此,基于钙钛矿材料的介观太阳能电池迅速成为太阳能电池领域的研究热点.目前,钙钛矿太阳能电池的最高公证效率已经达到20.1%.钙钛矿太阳能电池作为介观太阳能电池商业化道路上里程碑式的突破,在材料开发、界面优化以及器件稳定性方面的研究仍充满挑战,也期待新的突破.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2500300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075029,22108151,22109084)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021TQ0164)。
文摘All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries(ASSLSBs)employing sulfide solid electrolytes are one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their potential for higher energy density and safety.However,scalable fabrication of sheet-type sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading and excellent performances remains challenging.In this work,sheet-type freestanding sulfur cathodes with high sulfur loading were fabricated by dry electrode technology.The unique fibrous morphologies of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)binders in dry electrodes not only provides excellent mechanical properties but also uncompromised ionic/electronic conductance.Even employed with thickened dry cathodes with high sulfur loading of 2 mg cm^(-2),ASSLSBs still exhibit outstanding rate performance and cycle stability.Moreover,the all-solid-state lithium-sulfur monolayer pouch cells(9.2 m Ah)were also demonstrated and exhibited excellent safety under a harsh test situation.This work verifies the potential of dry electrode technology in the scalable fabrication of thickened sulfur cathodes and will promote the practical applications of ASSLSBs.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B090919005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975274)+3 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020KE032)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2021210)the Shandong Energy Institute(SEI)(SEI I202117)the Taishan Scholars of Shandong Province(ts201511063).
文摘All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)with solid-state electrolytes and lithium-metal anodes have been regarded as a promis-ing battery technology to alleviate range anxiety and address safety issues due to their high energy density and high safety.Understanding the fundamental physical and chemical science of ASSBs is of great importance to battery development.To confirm and supplement experimental study,theoretical computation provides a powerful approach to probe the thermody-namic and kinetic behavior of battery materials and their interfaces,resulting in the design of better batteries.In this review,we assess recent progress in the theoretical computations of solid electrolytes and the interfaces between the electrodes and electrolytes of ASSBs.We review the role of theoretical computation in studying the following:ion transport mechanisms,grain boundaries,phase stability,chemical and electrochemical stability,mechanical properties,design strategies and high-throughput screening of inorganic solid electrolytes,mechanical stability,space-charge layers,interface buffer layers and dendrite growth at electrode/electrolyte interfaces.Finally,we provide perspectives on the shortcomings,challenges and opportunities of theoretical computation in regard to ASSBs.
基金supported by the projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52373074)the Independent Research Project of Maoming Laboratory(2022ZD002)。
文摘Robust and easy-to-handle solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) based on graphite paste have been developed for the potentiometric detection of NO-3 and NH+4 in environmental samples. Polypyrrole (PPy) has been used as intermediate layer and solid contact between the electron-conducting graphite paste substrate and the ion-conducting polyvinylchloride (PVC)-containing membrane with the immobilized ionophore. For the nitrate- and ammonium-selective electrodes, tridodecylmethylammonium nitrate (TDMA-NO3) and nonactin have been used as ion-complexing compounds, respectively. Both ISEs show nearly Nernstian response in the linear range from 10-5 mol/L to 10-1 mol/L with average slopes of >58 mV/decade. The ISEs possess short response times (<20 s).
基金Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council,Grant/Award Number:EP/S018204/1。
文摘Inorganic solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are nonflammable alternatives to the commercial liquid-phase electrolytes.This enables the use of lithium(Li)metal as an anode,providing high-energy density and improved stability by avoiding unwanted liquid-phase chemical reactions.Among the different types of SSEs,the garnet-type electrolytes witness a rapid development and are considered as one of the top candidates to pair with Li metal due to their high ionic conductivity,thermal,and electrochemical stability.However,the large resistances at the interface between garnet-type electrolytes and cathode/anode are the major bottlenecks for delivering desirable electrochemical performances of all-solid-state batteries(SSBs).The electrolyte/anode interface also suffers from metallic dendrite formation,leading to rapid performance degradation.This is a fundamental material challenge due to the poor contact and wettability between garnet-type electrolytes with electrode materials.Here,we summarize and analyze the recent contributions in mitigating such materials challenges at the interface.Strategies used to address these challenges are divided into different categories with regard to their working principles.On one hand,progress has been made in the anode/garnet interface,such as the successful application of Li-alloy anode and different artificial interlayers,significantly improving interfacial performance.On the other hand,the desired cathode/garnet interface is still hard to reach due to the complex chemical and physical structure at the cathode.The common methods used are nanostructured cathode host and sintering additives for increasing the contact area.On the basis of this information,we present our views on the remaining challenges and future research of electrode/garnet interface.This review not only motivates the need for further understanding of the fundamentals,stability,and modifications of the garnet/electrode interfaces but also provides guidelines for the future design of the interface for SSB.
文摘硝酸盐含量常用于判断水体质量和受污染程度,是重要的水质检测指标。以玻碳电极为基底电极、聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)为固态接触层、聚氯乙烯(PVC)为敏感基膜制备了一种新型全固态硝酸根离子选择性电极,并考察了该电极的电化学特性。结果表明,以PEDOT为固态接触层能有效促进电极离子—电子之间信号传导,提高电极的稳定性。该电极在1×10^(-1)~1×10^(-5)mol/L范围内的硝酸铵溶液中呈良好的能斯特响应,响应斜率可达53.7 m V/dec,响应时间在50 s以内。该电极的重现性、选择性好,使用寿命超过3个月。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21808124,21825501,U1801257)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2016YFA0202500,2016YFA0200102)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019T120098)。
文摘Sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes with ultrahigh lithium ion conductivities have been considered as the most promising electrolyte system to enable practical all-solid-state batteries.However,the practical applications of the sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries are hindered by severe interfacial issues as well as large-scale material preparation and battery fabrication problems.Liquid-involved interfacial treatments and preparation processes compatible with current battery manufacturing capable of improving electrode/electrolyte interface contacts and realizing the mass production of sulfide electrolytes and the scalable fabrication of sulfide-based battery component have attracted considerable attention.In this perspective,the current advances in liquid-involved treatments and processes in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries are summarized.Then relative chemical mechanisms and existing challenges are included.Finally,future guidance is also proposed for sulfide-based batteries.Focusing on the sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries,we aim at providing a fresh insight on understandings towards liquid-involved processes and promoting the development of all-solid-state batteries with higher energy density and better safety.
基金Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the financial support by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （863 Program, No. SS2013AA50303）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 61106056） and Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Scholars, Ministry of Education of China.
文摘As a low-cost photovoltaic technology, dye- sensitized solar cell （DSSC） has attracted widespread attention in the past decade. During its development to commercial application, decreasing the production cost and increasing the device stability take the most impor- tance. Compared with conventional sandwich structure liquid-state DSSCs, monolithic all-solid-state mesoscopic solar cells based on mesoscopic carbon counter electrodes and solid-state electrolytes present much lower production cost and provide a prospect of long-term stability. This review presents the recent progress of materials and achievement for all-solid-state DSSCs. In particular, representative examples are highlighted with the results of our monolithic all-solid-state mesoscopic solar cell devices and modules.
文摘This paper describes preparation, characterization and electrochemical performance of novel planar miniaturized all-solid-state (ASS) screen-printed potentiometric sensors for the detection of Ca2+ ions in environmental samples. Screen-printed graphite-based ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and screen-printed reference electrodes based on silver-containing pastes have been applied in a space saving manner on common ceramic substrates with small dimensions. Applications to environmental samples are shown by direct potentiometry and potentiometric titrations in real water samples. Conducting polymers (CPs) have been used as solid-contact materials and as intermediate layer between the polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-containing ion-selective membrane and the graphite-containing substrate. Different diamides have been incorporated into the PVC membrane. In the range from 10-4 mol/L to 10-1 mol/L, the ISEs show linear slopes of 27 mV/decade, which is close to the Nernstian response. Moreover, the ISEs have response times of 6 months. The novel potentiometric ASS sensors enable simple and exact Ca2+ determinations in real samples.
基金supported by the Science & Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China (No. 08DZ2270500)
文摘All solid state lithium battery is a promising next generation battery system with improved cycle life, en ergy density, especially safety. However, its development is greatly hampered by a large impedance between the solid state electrolyte/electrode interface. How to build an ideal electrolyte/electrode interface to improve the inter facial stability and reduce the interracial resistance is a huge challenge for improving battery performance. This pa per reviews interracial problems and introduces the formation mechanism of different interface layers between elec trodes and electrolytes. In addition, the strategies for improving interracial contact and reducing interracial resist ance are described in detail. Finally, the research directions for engineering interfaces in all solid state lithium bat teries are proposed.
