Leymus mollis （Trin.） Pilger （NsNsXmXm, 2n = 28）, a wild relative of common wheat, possesses many potentially valuable traits that could be transferred to common wheat during breeding programs. In this study, the ...Leymus mollis （Trin.） Pilger （NsNsXmXm, 2n = 28）, a wild relative of common wheat, possesses many potentially valuable traits that could be transferred to common wheat during breeding programs. In this study, the karyotypic constitution of a wheat - L. mollis 3D（3Ns#1） disomic substitution line isolated from the F5 progeny of octoploid Tritileymus M842-16 x Triticum durum cv. D4286, which was designated as 10DM57, was determined using genomic in situ hybridization （GISH）, fluorescent in situ hybridization （FISH）, SSR markers, and EST- STS markers. Screening of mitosis and meiosis showed that 10DM57 had a chromosome karyotype of 2n = 42 =21Ⅱ. GISH indicated that 10DM57 was a line with 40 chromosomes from wheat and two of the Ns chromosomes from L. mollis, which formed a ring bivalent in pollen mother cells at metaphase I. FISH analysis showed that the chromosome 3D may be replaced by 3Ns#1 in 10DM57. DNA markers, including SSR and EST-STS primers, showed that the pair of wheat chromosome 3D in 10DM57 was substituted by the pair of chromosome 3Ns#t from L. mollis. Evaluation of the agronomic traits showed that, compared with its common wheat relative 7182, 10DM57 was resistant to leaf rust while the spike length and number of spikes per plant were improved significantly, which correlated with a higher wheat yield. The new germplasm, 10DM57, could be exploited as an intermediate material in wheat genetic and breeding programs.展开更多
The karyotype of the primary wheat wheatgrass alien addition line TAI 27 was 2 n =44 in which all of the chromosomes were metacentric and submetacentric. However, in the progeny of TAI 27 a pair of chromosomes had bec...The karyotype of the primary wheat wheatgrass alien addition line TAI 27 was 2 n =44 in which all of the chromosomes were metacentric and submetacentric. However, in the progeny of TAI 27 a pair of chromosomes had become small chromosomes in the two morphologically different plants. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)technique was used to analyze the two different plants. The observations indicate that a pair of small chromosomes in one variation line are from wheatgrass. In another variation line, a pair of small chromosomes are also from wheatgrass, while another pair of wheatgrass chromosomes have substituted the wheat chromosomes. TAI 27 and its variant lines showed a high level of resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). The possible explanation for such a variation and the potential use of the variant lines were discussed briefly.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (Grant No.2011AA100501)the Major Innovation Project for Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province (Grant No.2011KTZB02-01)+1 种基金the Basic Scientific Research Project in Central Universities (Grant No.QN2011001)the Tang Zhong-Ying Breeding Funding Project at the Northwest A&F University in China
文摘Leymus mollis （Trin.） Pilger （NsNsXmXm, 2n = 28）, a wild relative of common wheat, possesses many potentially valuable traits that could be transferred to common wheat during breeding programs. In this study, the karyotypic constitution of a wheat - L. mollis 3D（3Ns#1） disomic substitution line isolated from the F5 progeny of octoploid Tritileymus M842-16 x Triticum durum cv. D4286, which was designated as 10DM57, was determined using genomic in situ hybridization （GISH）, fluorescent in situ hybridization （FISH）, SSR markers, and EST- STS markers. Screening of mitosis and meiosis showed that 10DM57 had a chromosome karyotype of 2n = 42 =21Ⅱ. GISH indicated that 10DM57 was a line with 40 chromosomes from wheat and two of the Ns chromosomes from L. mollis, which formed a ring bivalent in pollen mother cells at metaphase I. FISH analysis showed that the chromosome 3D may be replaced by 3Ns#1 in 10DM57. DNA markers, including SSR and EST-STS primers, showed that the pair of wheat chromosome 3D in 10DM57 was substituted by the pair of chromosome 3Ns#t from L. mollis. Evaluation of the agronomic traits showed that, compared with its common wheat relative 7182, 10DM57 was resistant to leaf rust while the spike length and number of spikes per plant were improved significantly, which correlated with a higher wheat yield. The new germplasm, 10DM57, could be exploited as an intermediate material in wheat genetic and breeding programs.
文摘The karyotype of the primary wheat wheatgrass alien addition line TAI 27 was 2 n =44 in which all of the chromosomes were metacentric and submetacentric. However, in the progeny of TAI 27 a pair of chromosomes had become small chromosomes in the two morphologically different plants. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)technique was used to analyze the two different plants. The observations indicate that a pair of small chromosomes in one variation line are from wheatgrass. In another variation line, a pair of small chromosomes are also from wheatgrass, while another pair of wheatgrass chromosomes have substituted the wheat chromosomes. TAI 27 and its variant lines showed a high level of resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). The possible explanation for such a variation and the potential use of the variant lines were discussed briefly.
