Invasive exotic species pose a growing threat to the economy,public health,and ecological integrity of nations worldwide. Explaining and predicting the spatial distribution of invasive exotic species is of great impor...Invasive exotic species pose a growing threat to the economy,public health,and ecological integrity of nations worldwide. Explaining and predicting the spatial distribution of invasive exotic species is of great importance to prevention and early warning efforts. We are investigating the potential distribution of invasive exotic species,the environmental factors that influence these distributions,and the ability to predict them using statistical and information-theoretic approaches. For some species,detailed presence/absence occurrence data are available,allowing the use of a variety of standard statistical techniques. However,for most species,absence data are not available. Presented with the challenge of developing a model based on presence-only information,we developed an improved logistic regres-sion approach using Information Theory and Frequency Statistics to produce a relative suitability map. This paper generated a variety of distributions of ragweed(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) from logistic regression models applied to herbarium specimen location data and a suite of GIS layers including climatic,topographic,and land cover information. Our logistic regression model was based on Akaike's Information Criterion(AIC) from a suite of ecologically reasonable predictor variables. Based on the results we provided a new Frequency Statistical method to compartmentalize habitat-suitability in the native range. Finally,we used the model and the compartmentalized criterion developed in native ranges to “project” a potential distribution onto the exotic ranges to build habitat-suitability maps.展开更多
针对最小信息准则(Akaike Information Criterion,AIC)存在的非渐进一致性估计的缺陷,以及盖尔圆准则(Gerschgorin Disk Estimator,GDE)可能出现无序特征值导致检测错误的问题,提出了一种基于盖尔圆准则和最小信息准则的GDE-AIC信源数...针对最小信息准则(Akaike Information Criterion,AIC)存在的非渐进一致性估计的缺陷,以及盖尔圆准则(Gerschgorin Disk Estimator,GDE)可能出现无序特征值导致检测错误的问题,提出了一种基于盖尔圆准则和最小信息准则的GDE-AIC信源数目估计算法。该算法利用盖尔圆半径与噪声模型无关的特性构造似然函数,将其引入AIC准则模型中,克服了AIC准则非渐进一致性估计的缺点,且适用于空间色噪声的环境。在仿真实验中,将该算法与AIC算法及GDE算法等进行对比,结果表明,该方法稳定性好,适用于白噪声与色噪声,且在低信噪比时仍具有良好的估计性能。展开更多
初至拾取是微地震数据处理的基本步骤及重要环节,在低信噪比情况下,传统的初至拾取方法性能不佳,无法满足实际需求。为此,提出一种新算法,该算法将时域微地震数据映射到Shearlet域,利用AIC(Akaike Information Criterion)模型对Shearle...初至拾取是微地震数据处理的基本步骤及重要环节,在低信噪比情况下,传统的初至拾取方法性能不佳,无法满足实际需求。为此,提出一种新算法,该算法将时域微地震数据映射到Shearlet域,利用AIC(Akaike Information Criterion)模型对Shearlet域各尺度层的数据实现初步识别,最小AIC值作为初至时刻。通过大量实验验证Shearlet-AIC算法在低至-13 d B信噪比下自动拾取的准确性,证实该算法优于传统初至拾取算法,解决了传统初至拾取算法在低信噪比时难以有效拾取微地震初至的难题。展开更多
空间信号源数检测是阵列信号处理的关键问题之一,该文针对低信噪比下传统检测方法的性能差的问题,提出了一种基于近似特征向量的检测新方法DTAE(Detection Technique based on Approximate Eigenvectors)来改善低信噪比下传感器阵列的...空间信号源数检测是阵列信号处理的关键问题之一,该文针对低信噪比下传统检测方法的性能差的问题,提出了一种基于近似特征向量的检测新方法DTAE(Detection Technique based on Approximate Eigenvectors)来改善低信噪比下传感器阵列的信源数检测性能。该方法首先利用波束形成器在空间做预扫描来估计信号群中心的位置,以这些位置作为参考方向计算接收数据协方差矩阵的特征向量的近似值,然后使用特征向量的近似值对阵列输出数据加权,最后计算加权输出数据的频域峰值-平均功率比值从而估计信号源的个数。仿真结果表明,提出的新方法在低信噪比下的检测性能显著优于AIC(Akaike Information Criterion)等方法,有一定的工程应用价值。展开更多
精确估计多层材料超声回波信号的重数在超声检测上有着要意义。将小波变换方法用于多层材料超声回波参数估计中,根据高斯模型以超声回波信号的小波变换为基础、利用智能人工蜂群算法,估计出多重超声回波信号的各个参数。采用Akaike Info...精确估计多层材料超声回波信号的重数在超声检测上有着要意义。将小波变换方法用于多层材料超声回波参数估计中,根据高斯模型以超声回波信号的小波变换为基础、利用智能人工蜂群算法,估计出多重超声回波信号的各个参数。采用Akaike Information Criterion(AIC)准则,对叠加的两重和三重超声回波信号的重数进行估计。仿真结果表明,本算法可以实现多重超声回波信号重数的有效估计。用实验测试获得的回波对算法的性能进行了验证,结果证明了该算法的可行性和实用性。展开更多
In this paper, the estimators of the scale parameter of the exponential distribution obtained by applying four methods, using complete data, are critically examined and compared. These methods are the Maximum Likeliho...In this paper, the estimators of the scale parameter of the exponential distribution obtained by applying four methods, using complete data, are critically examined and compared. These methods are the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE), the Square-Error Loss Function (BSE), the Entropy Loss Function (BEN) and the Composite LINEX Loss Function (BCL). The performance of these four methods was compared based on three criteria: the Mean Square Error (MSE), the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). Using Monte Carlo simulation based on relevant samples, the comparisons in this study suggest that the Bayesian method is better than the maximum likelihood estimator with respect to the estimation of the parameter that offers the smallest values of MSE, AIC, and BIC. Confidence intervals were then assessed to test the performance of the methods by comparing the 95% CI and average lengths (AL) for all estimation methods, showing that the Bayesian methods still offer the best performance in terms of generating the smallest ALs.展开更多
油气管柱长期受到地层运动的影响会发生挤压变形,且挤压程度难以度量。利用脉冲涡流的油气管柱挤压形变估计反演算法,提出了一种基于AIC-RBF的油气管柱挤压形变估计方法,该方法包括基于赤池信息量准则(Akaike Information Criterion,AIC...油气管柱长期受到地层运动的影响会发生挤压变形,且挤压程度难以度量。利用脉冲涡流的油气管柱挤压形变估计反演算法,提出了一种基于AIC-RBF的油气管柱挤压形变估计方法,该方法包括基于赤池信息量准则(Akaike Information Criterion,AIC)的油气管柱形变多项式拟合优化算法和基于径向基函数(Radial Basis Function,RBF)神经网络的多项式参数估计模型。对管柱不同挤压段的脉冲涡流信号进行测试,获得对应的形变多项式函数,对挤压段的最小臂长进行量化,以估计其形变程度。实验结果表明:与传统RBF神经网络算法、BP神经网络算法相比,AIC-RBF算法的量化误差更小、稳定性更强、量化速度更快,满足油气管柱挤压程度无损量化的需求。展开更多
This article introduces a resampling procedure called the truncated geometric bootstrap method for stationary time series process. This procedure is based on resampling blocks of random length, where the length of eac...This article introduces a resampling procedure called the truncated geometric bootstrap method for stationary time series process. This procedure is based on resampling blocks of random length, where the length of each blocks has a truncated geometric distribution and capable of determining the probability p and number of block b. Special attention is given to problems with dependent data, and application with real data was carried out. Autoregressive model was fitted and the choice of order determined by Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The normality test was carried out on the residual variance of the fitted model using Jargue-Bera statistics, and the best model was determined based on root mean square error of the forecasting values. The bootstrap method gives a better and a reliable model for predictive purposes. All the models for the different block sizes are good. They preserve and maintain stationary data structure of the process and are reliable for predictive purposes, confirming the efficiency of the proposed method.展开更多
Several types of mixed distribution are proposed and tested in order to determine the best model in describing daily rainfall amount in Peninsular Malaysia for the time period of 33 years. A mixed distribution is a mi...Several types of mixed distribution are proposed and tested in order to determine the best model in describing daily rainfall amount in Peninsular Malaysia for the time period of 33 years. A mixed distribution is a mixture of discrete and continuous daily rainfall which included the dry days. The mixed distributions tested in this study were exponential distribution, gamma distribution, weibull distribution and lognormal distribution. The model will be selected based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). In general, the mixed lognormal distribution has been selected as the best model for most of the rain gauge stations in Peninsular Malaysia. However, these results are greatly influenced by the topographical, geographical and climatic changes of the rain gauge stations.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40371084)U.S. Geological Survey (Grant No. 03CRCN0001)UW-Madison funded under U.S. Geological Survey cooperative agreement (Grant No. 03CRAG0016)
文摘Invasive exotic species pose a growing threat to the economy,public health,and ecological integrity of nations worldwide. Explaining and predicting the spatial distribution of invasive exotic species is of great importance to prevention and early warning efforts. We are investigating the potential distribution of invasive exotic species,the environmental factors that influence these distributions,and the ability to predict them using statistical and information-theoretic approaches. For some species,detailed presence/absence occurrence data are available,allowing the use of a variety of standard statistical techniques. However,for most species,absence data are not available. Presented with the challenge of developing a model based on presence-only information,we developed an improved logistic regres-sion approach using Information Theory and Frequency Statistics to produce a relative suitability map. This paper generated a variety of distributions of ragweed(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) from logistic regression models applied to herbarium specimen location data and a suite of GIS layers including climatic,topographic,and land cover information. Our logistic regression model was based on Akaike's Information Criterion(AIC) from a suite of ecologically reasonable predictor variables. Based on the results we provided a new Frequency Statistical method to compartmentalize habitat-suitability in the native range. Finally,we used the model and the compartmentalized criterion developed in native ranges to “project” a potential distribution onto the exotic ranges to build habitat-suitability maps.
文摘针对最小信息准则(Akaike Information Criterion,AIC)存在的非渐进一致性估计的缺陷,以及盖尔圆准则(Gerschgorin Disk Estimator,GDE)可能出现无序特征值导致检测错误的问题,提出了一种基于盖尔圆准则和最小信息准则的GDE-AIC信源数目估计算法。该算法利用盖尔圆半径与噪声模型无关的特性构造似然函数,将其引入AIC准则模型中,克服了AIC准则非渐进一致性估计的缺点,且适用于空间色噪声的环境。在仿真实验中,将该算法与AIC算法及GDE算法等进行对比,结果表明,该方法稳定性好,适用于白噪声与色噪声,且在低信噪比时仍具有良好的估计性能。
文摘初至拾取是微地震数据处理的基本步骤及重要环节,在低信噪比情况下,传统的初至拾取方法性能不佳,无法满足实际需求。为此,提出一种新算法,该算法将时域微地震数据映射到Shearlet域,利用AIC(Akaike Information Criterion)模型对Shearlet域各尺度层的数据实现初步识别,最小AIC值作为初至时刻。通过大量实验验证Shearlet-AIC算法在低至-13 d B信噪比下自动拾取的准确性,证实该算法优于传统初至拾取算法,解决了传统初至拾取算法在低信噪比时难以有效拾取微地震初至的难题。
文摘空间信号源数检测是阵列信号处理的关键问题之一,该文针对低信噪比下传统检测方法的性能差的问题,提出了一种基于近似特征向量的检测新方法DTAE(Detection Technique based on Approximate Eigenvectors)来改善低信噪比下传感器阵列的信源数检测性能。该方法首先利用波束形成器在空间做预扫描来估计信号群中心的位置,以这些位置作为参考方向计算接收数据协方差矩阵的特征向量的近似值,然后使用特征向量的近似值对阵列输出数据加权,最后计算加权输出数据的频域峰值-平均功率比值从而估计信号源的个数。仿真结果表明,提出的新方法在低信噪比下的检测性能显著优于AIC(Akaike Information Criterion)等方法,有一定的工程应用价值。
文摘精确估计多层材料超声回波信号的重数在超声检测上有着要意义。将小波变换方法用于多层材料超声回波参数估计中,根据高斯模型以超声回波信号的小波变换为基础、利用智能人工蜂群算法,估计出多重超声回波信号的各个参数。采用Akaike Information Criterion(AIC)准则,对叠加的两重和三重超声回波信号的重数进行估计。仿真结果表明,本算法可以实现多重超声回波信号重数的有效估计。用实验测试获得的回波对算法的性能进行了验证,结果证明了该算法的可行性和实用性。
文摘In this paper, the estimators of the scale parameter of the exponential distribution obtained by applying four methods, using complete data, are critically examined and compared. These methods are the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE), the Square-Error Loss Function (BSE), the Entropy Loss Function (BEN) and the Composite LINEX Loss Function (BCL). The performance of these four methods was compared based on three criteria: the Mean Square Error (MSE), the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). Using Monte Carlo simulation based on relevant samples, the comparisons in this study suggest that the Bayesian method is better than the maximum likelihood estimator with respect to the estimation of the parameter that offers the smallest values of MSE, AIC, and BIC. Confidence intervals were then assessed to test the performance of the methods by comparing the 95% CI and average lengths (AL) for all estimation methods, showing that the Bayesian methods still offer the best performance in terms of generating the smallest ALs.
文摘油气管柱长期受到地层运动的影响会发生挤压变形,且挤压程度难以度量。利用脉冲涡流的油气管柱挤压形变估计反演算法,提出了一种基于AIC-RBF的油气管柱挤压形变估计方法,该方法包括基于赤池信息量准则(Akaike Information Criterion,AIC)的油气管柱形变多项式拟合优化算法和基于径向基函数(Radial Basis Function,RBF)神经网络的多项式参数估计模型。对管柱不同挤压段的脉冲涡流信号进行测试,获得对应的形变多项式函数,对挤压段的最小臂长进行量化,以估计其形变程度。实验结果表明:与传统RBF神经网络算法、BP神经网络算法相比,AIC-RBF算法的量化误差更小、稳定性更强、量化速度更快,满足油气管柱挤压程度无损量化的需求。
文摘This article introduces a resampling procedure called the truncated geometric bootstrap method for stationary time series process. This procedure is based on resampling blocks of random length, where the length of each blocks has a truncated geometric distribution and capable of determining the probability p and number of block b. Special attention is given to problems with dependent data, and application with real data was carried out. Autoregressive model was fitted and the choice of order determined by Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The normality test was carried out on the residual variance of the fitted model using Jargue-Bera statistics, and the best model was determined based on root mean square error of the forecasting values. The bootstrap method gives a better and a reliable model for predictive purposes. All the models for the different block sizes are good. They preserve and maintain stationary data structure of the process and are reliable for predictive purposes, confirming the efficiency of the proposed method.
文摘Several types of mixed distribution are proposed and tested in order to determine the best model in describing daily rainfall amount in Peninsular Malaysia for the time period of 33 years. A mixed distribution is a mixture of discrete and continuous daily rainfall which included the dry days. The mixed distributions tested in this study were exponential distribution, gamma distribution, weibull distribution and lognormal distribution. The model will be selected based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). In general, the mixed lognormal distribution has been selected as the best model for most of the rain gauge stations in Peninsular Malaysia. However, these results are greatly influenced by the topographical, geographical and climatic changes of the rain gauge stations.
