[目的]系统评价维持性血液透析病人自体动静脉内瘘失功的影响因素。[方法]计算机检索the Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、Ovid、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网全文数据库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊数据...[目的]系统评价维持性血液透析病人自体动静脉内瘘失功的影响因素。[方法]计算机检索the Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、Ovid、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网全文数据库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)和万方数据库中关于维持性血液透析病人自体动静脉内瘘失功影响因素的队列研究,检索时间为数据库从建库到2019年6月30日。由2名评价者独立筛查文献、提取数据、评价纳入文献的方法学质量后,采用RevMan 5.3软件行Meta分析。[结果]共纳入32篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,维持性血液透析病人自体动静脉内瘘失功的影响因素归纳为4大类。(1)个人因素:高龄[RR=1.30,95%CI(1.10,1.53),P=0.002]、女性[RR=1.19,95%CI(1.11,1.28),P<0.00001]、吸烟[RR=1.39,95%CI(1.07,1.81),P=0.01]、肥胖[RR=2.09,95%CI(1.10,3.97),P=0.03];(2)临床因素:糖尿病史[RR=1.23,95%CI(1.20,1.26),P<0.00001]、高血压史[RR=1.08,95%CI(1.05,1.12),P<0.00001]、冠状动脉疾病史[RR=1.17,95%CI(1.14,1.20),P<0.00001]、脑血管疾病史[RR=1.15,95%CI(1.09,1.22),P<0.00001]、桡动脉钙化[RR=1.53,95%CI(1.28,1.83),P<0.00001]、C-反应蛋白[RR=1.12,95%CI(1.01,1.25),P=0.03]、周围血管疾病史[RR=1.24,95%CI(1.00,1.55),P=0.05];(3)透析相关因素:同侧导管置入史[RR=1.38,95%CI(0.76,2.51),P=0.28]、内瘘位置[RR=0.88,95%CI(0.65,1.19),P=0.41]、透析上肢[RR=0.91,95%CI(0.79,1.05),P=0.20];(4)药物因素:他汀类药[RR=0.68,95%CI(0.51,0.91),P=0.009]、抗凝药[RR=1.03,95%CI(0.87,1.23),P=0.69]。[结论]现有证据表明,高龄、女性、吸烟、肥胖、糖尿病史、高血压史、冠状动脉疾病史、脑血管疾病史、C-反应蛋白、桡动脉钙化是维持性血液透析病人自体动静脉内瘘失功的危险因素,服用他汀类药物可降低其失功率,但周围血管疾病史、同侧导管置入史、透析肢体、内瘘位置和服用抗凝药物对其影响不大。展开更多
Recognition of thin interbedded reservoirs in the middle-shallow strata in the Songliao Basin is a great difficulty. In order to resolve this problem, we present a technique for predicting the distribution of thin res...Recognition of thin interbedded reservoirs in the middle-shallow strata in the Songliao Basin is a great difficulty. In order to resolve this problem, we present a technique for predicting the distribution of thin reservoirs using a broad frequency band and ultra high resolution seismic. Based on forward modeling, we recognized that a thin bed seismic reflection is characterized by changing amplitude with changing frequency （amplitude versus frequency, AVF）. We calculate the thickness of thin reservoirs from their AVF characteristics and predict the distribution of thin bed reservoir using broad frequency band and ultra high resolution seismic. The technique has been applied in the 3D seismic area of Zhaoyuan in the northern part of the Songliao Basin. The seismic resolution is increased by two or three times over that of conventional seismic and many thin reservoirs have been identified. The technique has extensive application to the exploration and development of oil and gas, such as optimizing the location of exploration wells, the design of wells （especially horizontal wells）, choice of production test layers, analyzing reservoir continuity in development wells, and so on.展开更多
文摘Recognition of thin interbedded reservoirs in the middle-shallow strata in the Songliao Basin is a great difficulty. In order to resolve this problem, we present a technique for predicting the distribution of thin reservoirs using a broad frequency band and ultra high resolution seismic. Based on forward modeling, we recognized that a thin bed seismic reflection is characterized by changing amplitude with changing frequency （amplitude versus frequency, AVF）. We calculate the thickness of thin reservoirs from their AVF characteristics and predict the distribution of thin bed reservoir using broad frequency band and ultra high resolution seismic. The technique has been applied in the 3D seismic area of Zhaoyuan in the northern part of the Songliao Basin. The seismic resolution is increased by two or three times over that of conventional seismic and many thin reservoirs have been identified. The technique has extensive application to the exploration and development of oil and gas, such as optimizing the location of exploration wells, the design of wells （especially horizontal wells）, choice of production test layers, analyzing reservoir continuity in development wells, and so on.
