AIM: To investigate production of TNFα from murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with LPS, A 23187 , PMA, fMLP and fMLPP. METHODS: L929 cytotoxicity was used to show the level of released and cell associated TNF...AIM: To investigate production of TNFα from murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with LPS, A 23187 , PMA, fMLP and fMLPP. METHODS: L929 cytotoxicity was used to show the level of released and cell associated TNFα from murine peritoneal macrophages measured by means of crystal violet staining assay. RESULTS: LPS(0 1～10 μg·mL -1 ) and A 23187 (0 01～1 μmol·L -1 ) were shown to induce a dose dependent increase of both released and cell associated TNFα, whereas, PMA(0 01～1 μmol·L -1 ), fMLP(0 025～2 5 μmol·L -1 ) and fMLP(0 025～2 5 μmol·L -1 ) did not induce macrophages to produce TNFα. CONCLUSION: LPS and A 23187 can induce production of TNFα from macrophages. Further research should be performed to study the pathways such as CD14 and calcium ion that may be involved in the biosynthesis of TNFα.展开更多
Total or near-total fertilization failure after intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSl） is a rare event, but it occurs repeatedly because of sperm defects in activating oocyte. The case presents a successful pregnan...Total or near-total fertilization failure after intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSl） is a rare event, but it occurs repeatedly because of sperm defects in activating oocyte. The case presents a successful pregnancy and live birth after calcium ionophore A23187 （A23187） activation on one-day-old unfertilized oocytes in a patient whose husband suffered oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, and who had experienced repeated near-total fertilization failure after ICSI. In the second ICSI cycle, only one oocyte was fertilized while nine were unfertilized. Oocyte activation with A23187 were performed on the one-day-old unfertilized oocytes after ICSI and resulted in fertilization and embryo transfer. A clinical pregnancy was achieved and a healthy baby was born. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a healthy birth after oocyte activation on the one-day-old unfertilized oocyte. This indicates that ＂rescue oocyte activation＂ on one-day-old unfertilized oocytes after ICSI may be helpful for preventing total or near-total fertilization failure after ICSI.展开更多
The aim of the study was to prepare berberine hydrochloride long-circulating liposomes and optimize the formulation and process parameters,and investigate the influence of different factors on the encapsulation effici...The aim of the study was to prepare berberine hydrochloride long-circulating liposomes and optimize the formulation and process parameters,and investigate the influence of different factors on the encapsulation efficiency.Berberine hydrochloride liposomes were prepared in response to a transmembrane ion gradient that was established by ionophore A23187.Free and liposomal drug were separated by cation exchange resin,and then the amount of intraliposomal berberine hydrochloride was determined by UV spectrophotometry.The optimized encapsulation efficiency of berberine hydrochloride liposomes was 94.3%2.1%when the drug-to-lipid ratio was 1:20,and the mean diameter was 146.9 nm3.2 nm.As a result,the ionophore A23187-mediated ZnSO_(4)gradient method was suitable for the preparation of berberine hydrochloride liposomes that we could get the desired encapsulation efficiency and drug loading.展开更多
The combination of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） with artificial oocyte activation has overcome repeated fertilization failure after ICSI due to sperm defects in activating oocyte, resulting in pregnancies...The combination of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） with artificial oocyte activation has overcome repeated fertilization failure after ICSI due to sperm defects in activating oocyte, resulting in pregnancies and births for many couples. However, in comparison to the growing data illustrating the effectiveness of artificial oocyte activation in reproductive medicine, the safety of this approach has not been well studied. Previously,展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate production of TNFα from murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with LPS, A 23187 , PMA, fMLP and fMLPP. METHODS: L929 cytotoxicity was used to show the level of released and cell associated TNFα from murine peritoneal macrophages measured by means of crystal violet staining assay. RESULTS: LPS(0 1～10 μg·mL -1 ) and A 23187 (0 01～1 μmol·L -1 ) were shown to induce a dose dependent increase of both released and cell associated TNFα, whereas, PMA(0 01～1 μmol·L -1 ), fMLP(0 025～2 5 μmol·L -1 ) and fMLP(0 025～2 5 μmol·L -1 ) did not induce macrophages to produce TNFα. CONCLUSION: LPS and A 23187 can induce production of TNFα from macrophages. Further research should be performed to study the pathways such as CD14 and calcium ion that may be involved in the biosynthesis of TNFα.
文摘Total or near-total fertilization failure after intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSl） is a rare event, but it occurs repeatedly because of sperm defects in activating oocyte. The case presents a successful pregnancy and live birth after calcium ionophore A23187 （A23187） activation on one-day-old unfertilized oocytes in a patient whose husband suffered oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, and who had experienced repeated near-total fertilization failure after ICSI. In the second ICSI cycle, only one oocyte was fertilized while nine were unfertilized. Oocyte activation with A23187 were performed on the one-day-old unfertilized oocytes after ICSI and resulted in fertilization and embryo transfer. A clinical pregnancy was achieved and a healthy baby was born. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a healthy birth after oocyte activation on the one-day-old unfertilized oocyte. This indicates that ＂rescue oocyte activation＂ on one-day-old unfertilized oocytes after ICSI may be helpful for preventing total or near-total fertilization failure after ICSI.
文摘The aim of the study was to prepare berberine hydrochloride long-circulating liposomes and optimize the formulation and process parameters,and investigate the influence of different factors on the encapsulation efficiency.Berberine hydrochloride liposomes were prepared in response to a transmembrane ion gradient that was established by ionophore A23187.Free and liposomal drug were separated by cation exchange resin,and then the amount of intraliposomal berberine hydrochloride was determined by UV spectrophotometry.The optimized encapsulation efficiency of berberine hydrochloride liposomes was 94.3%2.1%when the drug-to-lipid ratio was 1:20,and the mean diameter was 146.9 nm3.2 nm.As a result,the ionophore A23187-mediated ZnSO_(4)gradient method was suitable for the preparation of berberine hydrochloride liposomes that we could get the desired encapsulation efficiency and drug loading.
文摘The combination of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） with artificial oocyte activation has overcome repeated fertilization failure after ICSI due to sperm defects in activating oocyte, resulting in pregnancies and births for many couples. However, in comparison to the growing data illustrating the effectiveness of artificial oocyte activation in reproductive medicine, the safety of this approach has not been well studied. Previously,
